Zvisungo zvakatemerwa rusununguko pamusha zvakambogadzirwa kubva muzvombo zvakagoverwa kuzvidzivirira panjodzi chaidzo, dzokunyepedzera, kana kuti dzekufungidzira kunze kwenyika.
-James Madison, 1799
Maitiro ekushandura angangove akareba, asipo chimwe chiitiko chine njodzi uye chinotyisa - senge Pearl Harbor itsva.
-Purojekiti yeNew American Century, Kuvakazve Dziviriro yeAmerica: Strategy, Forces, and Resources for New Century (Gunyana 2000).)
Kurwiswa kwehugandanga kwanhasi hwaive huipi hukuruโฆkuti iyi imhosva yakaipisisa hapana mubvunzo.Vakanyanya kuurayiwa, semazuva ese, vaive vanhu vanoshanda: vachengeti, vanyori, vadzimi vemoto, nezvimwewo. Chingangove chinorwadza zvikuru kuvaPalestine nevamwe varombo. uye vanhu vakadzvinyirirwa. Zvinogonawo kutungamira kune kudzorwa kwedziviriro kwakaomarara, paine zvakawanda zvinokonzeresa kukanganisa rusununguko rwevanhu uye rusununguko rwemukatiโฆ โฆMatarisiro ari mberi anotonyanya kutyisa kupfuura zvaaiita pamberi pehutsinye huchangoburwa.
- Noam Chomsky, Gunyana 11, 2001
Funga nezve 'unoshandisa sei mikana iyi?'
- Condaleeza Rice, White House National Security Adviser, kuUnited States National Security Council, Gunyana 12, 2001.
Kuburikidza nemisodzi yekusuwa, ndinoona mukana.
โ George W. Bush, Gunyana 14, 2001
Yangu yekutanga, vhiki-imwe mhinduro kune 9-11 yakasanganiswa kuvhunduka, cynicism, uye naivetรฉ. Kukatyamadzwa: pakuuraya kukuru, kushinga kunotyisa kwevanoshingaira vakagadzirira kufa nekuuraya vakawanda, uye chitarisiko chinotyisa chejetliner dzizere nevanhu dzichiputika mumoto uye shongwe mbiri dzichiparara. kushamisika nekuitika kwekurwiswa kukuru kwehugandanga kuUnited States kubva kunyika dzeArab uye kunyanya pakutaura kwepamutemo kuti kurwiswa kwacho kwakakonzerwa neruvengo rwunonzi rwunoda rusununguko 'mararamiro eAmerica.'Mukati memazuva gumi ekurwisa, purezidhendi Bush akaudza US Congress kuti vavengi veU. Vanovenga,' Bush akapindura, 'rusununguko rwedu, rusununguko rwedu rwechitendero, rusununguko rwedu rwekuvhota' - vakaramba makumi ezviuru zvevaAfrica-America vakadzingwa zvisiri pamutemo muFlorida musarudzo dzakakosha dzemutungamiri wenyika dzemuna 2000, zvakapfuura zvakakwana kuchinjisa mhedzisiro kuna Bush. - 'uye kuungana uye kusabvumirana.'
Sekureva kwemunyori wechikamu cheChicago Tribune Stephen Chapman rimwe zuva mushure mekurwiswa, 'America' yakanga 'yave chinangwa' nekuti vadzvinyiriri vekune dzimwe nyika uye magandanga vaityisidzirwa uye negodo ne'mararamiro edu egutsaruzhinji.'Nekufungidzira kwaChapman, zvinhu zvakakosha zvehupenyu. yenzira iyoyo ine mbiri yokuAmerica yaiva 'kubudirira,' 'kufara,' 'kubudirana pachena,' kuzvisarudzira, uye 'kuda rusununguko' rwe'vanhuwo zvavo.'
Chokwadi, hapana chaishamisa pakurwiswa kwakaitwa vanhu vaishingaira vemuArabu kuWashington DC neNew York City. Zvikonzero zvakakonzera kurwisa uku hazvina kana chekuita nekunzwa kwemagandanga echiMoslem pamusoro pemamiriro akaita nzanga yeAmerica. Chakavanetsa uye chokwadi maArabu mazhinji pamusoro peAmerica yaive mutemo wekunze weUnited States mukati nenzvimbo dzakatenderedza nzvimbo huru yekushushikana neshungu dzevapari vemhosva - Middle East pachayo. Kana bin-Laden nevateveri vake uye ilk vaisundwa nekuvenga rusununguko rweAmerica uye democracy, nei vaive vakasimba parutivi rweUS mukupera kwema1980, apo America yainakidzwa kana paine chero rusununguko rwemumba uye democracy kupfuura muzhizha ra2001. ?
Mhinduro, hongu, yaive yeAmerica yekune dzimwe nyika mutemo.Iyo US munguva yeReagan yakabhadhara mari yechiIslam inopfurikidza mwero sechikamu chekupedzisira-Hondo yeCold danidziro iyo 'yakaipa' Soviet Union.Uye kana bin-Laden nevamwe vese vakatsamwira zvemukati. rusununguko uye hutongi hwejekerere hwemarudzi ekuMadokero 'asingatendi', saka sei Canada, Denmark, Holland, Sweden, New Zealand, neSwitzerland (kududza nyika shoma dzisiri dzechiIslam dzegutsaruzhinji) vaive nekodzero yekusanyanya kunetseka nezvekurwisa kukuru kubva kuAl Qaeda? Nyika idzi dzaive nezvakawanda uye pamwe zvakawandisa (kunyanya kana iwe uchifunga nezvekuchengetedzwa kwemagariro uye kubviswa kubva mukutyisidzirwa kwehurombo kuve zvikamu zvakakosha zverusununguko rwemazuva ano) rusununguko rwemukati uye democracy kupfuura US. Chavaive vasina yaive nhoroondo yehugandanga yeAmerica yekupindira kunoparadza kuMiddle East nekumwewo.
Kunyanya kutsoropodza, mukupindura kurerukirwa, kukurumidza uye kuvimba uko Bush nevapi vezano vake, vabatsiri, uye vanogonesa muhurumende nenhepfenyuro vakazivisa 'isu' (veAmerica) ne'zvakanaka' uye 'ivo' ne'zvakaipa.' Zvinosuruvarisa, kurwiswa kwehugandanga kwaienderana nerekodhi refu uye ine ropa remaitiro eUS uye mutemo. Sezvakataurwa naArundhati Roy, 'humambo hweUS hwakamira pahwaro hwakashata: kupondwa kwemamiriyoni evanhu veko, kuba minda yavo, uye zvichitevera izvi, kupambwa nekuitwa varanda kwemamiriyoni evanhu vatema kubva kuAfrica kuti vashande nyika iyoyo. Zviuru zvakafira mumakungwa pazvaiendeswa nengarava semombe dzakavharirwa.'
'Mushanduro yakatengeswa zvakanyanya yengano dzakakurumbira senhoroondo, 'kunaka' kweUS kwakakwira munguva yeHondo Yenyika II. Yakarasika mukunzwika kwehwamanda uye rwiyo rwengirozi inyaya yekuti apo fascism yakanga izere muEurope, hurumende yeUS akatarisa kudiviโฆKunyudzwa neruzha hosannas [muAmerica] kutyisa zvakanyanya, kutaura zvazviri chiitiko chimwe chete chine utsinye chati chamboonekwa nenyika: kudonhedzwa kwebhomba reatomu paruzhinji rwevanhu muHiroshima neNagasaki. Hondo yakanga yoda kupera. .Mazana ezviuru zvevanhu veJapan vakaurayiwa, vamwe vasingaverengeki vakaremara negomarara kwezvizvarwa zvaizouya vakanga vasiri tyisidziro kurunyararo rwepasi rose.Vaiva vanhuwo zvavo.Sezvo vakaurayiwa nemabhomba eWorld Trade Center vaiva vanhuwo zvavo. sezvo mazana ezviuru zvevanhu vari kufa muIraq nekuda kwezvirango zvakatemerwa neUS vari vanhuwo zvavoโฆ.Kubva Hondo Yenyika Yechipiri, United States yanga ichirwa kana kurwiswa, pakati pedzimwe nyika, Korea, Guatemala, Cuba, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Grenada, Libya, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Panama, Iraq, Somalia, Sudan, Yugoslavia, neAfghanistan. Rondedzero iyi inofanirawo kusanganisira mashandiro ehurumende yeUS muAfrica, Asia, neLatin America, kutora masimba kwayakagadzira, uye vadzvinyiriri iro rine zvombo uye rinotsigira. Inofanira kusanganisira hondo yeIsrael yakatsigirwa neUnited States pamusoro peLebanon, umo zviuru zvakaurayiwa.Inofanira kusanganisira basa guru rakaitwa neAmerica mukurwisana kuMiddle East, umo zviuru zvakafa kurwisana neIsrael kutora nzvimbo yePalestine.Inofanira kusanganisira America America. muhondo yevagari muAfghanistan kuma1980, umo vanhu vanopfuura miriyoni imwe vakaurayiwa.Inofanirwa kusanganisira zvirango nezvirango zvakakonzera kufa kwemazana ezviuru zvevanhu, zvakanyanya kuoneka muIraq. zvose pamwe chete, uye zvinonzwika zvikuru sokunge kwave kune Hondo Yenyika III, uye kuti hurumende yeUnited States yaiva (kana kuti) imwe yevamiririri vayo vakuru.'
Kare mu'nyika yehumambo,' maitiro ehasha aChapman akafuratira hurombo hwakapararira, hutongi, kutonga kwekirasi, kusava nesimba, kusaenzana kwemarudzi, kusungwa kwevanhu vakawanda, kuora mwoyo, kudzvinyirira, uye nhamo. , apo 1 muzana yepamusoro ine inopfuura 40 muzana yepfuma uye zvimwe chikamu chepamusoro muzana chevezvematongerwo enyika nevanoita mitemo. Yakafuratirawo kubatana kwakabatana pakati pekutambura kunowanikwa nevamwe, mitemo yeAmerica, uye America's hyper-consumerist, pakupedzisira ecocidal 'mararamiro.'
Iye naivete akauya muchimiro chetariro yangu yekutanga kuti kurwiswa kwehugandanga kwaGunyana 11 kwaizopa mukana kune vanhu vekuAmerica kuti vatarise nekuvimbika marekodhi emitemo yedu yekunze uye ine chekuita nekune dzimwe nyika uye kuti titarise isu pachedu (ini ndichashandisa munhu wekutanga muuzhinji sezvo ini ndiri US mugari) uye nyika nenzira dzakapokana nechiono chakasarudzika chehungwaru hweAmerica.Mukana, pamwe, wekumira pasi kudzivirirwa kwedu kwakadzika midzi mupfungwa uye nepfungwa, kuti tinzwisise kuti sei uye nei tichizvikonzera isu nevamwe kurwadziwa, nei mamiriyoni pasi rese. vakatigumbura (vakawanda kusvika pakuombera 9/11) uye kuti tingamisa sei denderedzwa rakashata rekukuvara kumba nekune dzimwe nyika. Nine-gumi nerimwe, ndaida kutenda, wanga uri mukana wekutarisana nemadhimoni edu emukati uye kusarudza hungwaru, kurasikirwa nekuzvibata kwedu kusava nemhosva munzira dzinogona kutibvumira kurasikirwa nekusachena kwedu kwakagadzirwa nezvekuti kukuvadza kwakadii vagadziri vedu uye 'democratic American. Sisitimu, capitalism' (sekutsanangurwa kwazvakaitwa naTom Brokaw hutongi hwehutungamiriri hwehupfumi hwemagariro nehutungamiri hweUS pa9/11) zvanga zvichikonzera vamwe, uye kudonhedza pfungwa yedu yenguva refu yehukuru hwenhoroondo kune dzimwe nyika.
Ndichiona riveting dhirama richiitika, rekutengesa mahara, kwemaawa nemazuva pakupera, ndakafunga kuti ndakapenya mukana wekudzidza kwakanaka uye shanduko yedemokrasi. Zvichida, ndakafunga, makore matema enjodzi pamusoro peNew York, Pennsylvania, neWashington uye pazviratidziro zveterevhizheni zveAmerica zvakauya zvine runyoro rwesirivheri. Pamwe, ndainzwa, kuti mutambo wenyika uchaita kuti vanhu vekuAmerica vabve muhupfumi hwavo, husina maturo. uye zvakakamukana zvezuva nezuva chiitiko, kuridza neo-yakasununguka kupatsanurwa kwenharaunda nepfungwa itsva yebasa revagari uye kuita ruzhinji.
Ndakakanganisa.Nine-eleven wanga uri mukana wakanaka, asi wakatorwa zvakanyanya nevashoma vekuAmerica, vaimiririrwa zvakasimba muWhite House, kuwedzera maitiro aivepo ekusaenzana, humambo, nekuramba. Waishandiswa nevapfumi nevane vane simba nevamiriri vavo vane masimba kuti vawedzere kuwandisa kwehupfumi nesimba munyika nekune dzimwe nyika kwakatotyisa uye kutara vose vanopikisa chirongwa ichi chevakuru se 'vavengi verusununguko' uye vanobatana nehugandanga. Yakanga ichishandiswa kutsausa kutarisa uye kunetseka kubva mukusiyana kunoshamisa kwemagariro nehupfumi uye kwemarudzi, dambudziko remweya, kuparara kwezvakatipoteredza, kuderera kwehutano hwevanhu, kusingaperi kushanda nesimba, kusabatanidzwa kwevanhu vakawanda, kushandiswa kwemweya, uye mamwe matambudziko asingaverengeki anomuka kubva mukushanda kusingatarisirwi kweAmerica. Yaishandiswa kupa rudyi (runodzvinyirira nehondo) ruwoko rwenyika kuruboshwe (zvemagariro evanhu uye zvegutsaruzhinji) - mupurisa, muchuchisi nemuchengeti wejeri pamusoro pemuraibhurari, mushandi werubatsiro, mudzidzisi, uye muchengeti. kubatsira White House kurwisa kukosha kwemutemo wepasi rose uye hutsvene hwekuzvipira kunokosha kweAmerica kune rusununguko rwevanhu. Yakashandiswa kushandura nyaya kubva pakudiwa kwedemocracy yechokwadi, runyararo, uye kururamisira munharaunda, uye kugonesa kukwidziridzwa kwe'ruvengo rwenyika' inovaka nharaunda pahwaro hwekutya uye kuwirirana kusingafungi pane mukana wedemokrasi. Yakashandiswa ne 'elites' kuti ikurumidze kushanduka kwehurumende yeAmerica kuenderera mberi kuva inodzvinyirira, neo-liberal 'garrison state.'
Iyi nyika isina simba-kuruboshwe/yakasimba-kurudyi inoramba ichiita sezvishoma kudarika mumiririri ane masimba wezvinotemerwa neguta guru. inoita kuchinjirwa kukuru kwehupfumi nesimba kubva kumapurogiramu ezvemagariro kuenda kumauto, zvinoshamisa zvakakwana munguva yekukwira kwehurombo uye kushaikwa kwemabasa kumba, zvichiwedzerwa nekuderedzwa kukuru kwemitero kune vashoma.
Iyo 'hondo yehugandanga' yakavandudzwa yakaitwa na9/11 'yakashanda,' kutaura Noam Chomsky achinyora nezve Cold War mukutanga kwema1970, 'semudziyo unoshanda unoshamisa wekuunganidza rutsigiroโฆ uye tsika.Mugari anofanira kubvuma kutakura mitoro yehondo dzeumambo uye hurumende-induced kugadzirwa kwemarara, chigadziro chakakosha chehutungamiri hwehupfumi.Akarohwa mumutsara nekutya kuti tichakurirwa nemuvengi wekunze kana tikarega. pasi varindi vedu' (Chomsky, Zvezvikonzero zveNyika, 1970, pxxxvii).
Mune ruzhinji uye neruzhinji (yemakambani) media vhezheni yeiyi hondo inoita seyechigarire, iyo United States ine hunhu, inoda rusununguko uye ine mutsa inoita mukuedza kwakanaka kuchengetedza vanhu vayo uye zvechokwadi nyika kubva kudenda rehugandanga. vhezheni chaiyo, hutongi hweBush nevatengi vayo vane rombo rakanaka uye vanodyidzana pamusoro penyika inotungamira yemauto uye yevasungwa vanoshandisa kutyisidzira kwehugandanga sevhavha uye chikonzero chemitemo inodzamisa kusaenzana uye kudzvanyirira kumba uye kuwedzera simba rehumambo kunze kwenyika. Mitemo nemaitiro aya zvinokanganisa rusununguko rwevagari vemudzimba uye zvinodzosera kumashure kuchengetedzwa kwemagariro nehupfumi munyika inotova isina kuenzana zvakanyanya munyika dzakabudirira. Dzinoderedza zvirongwa zvemagariro echokwadi uye zvinogoneka kuti vawedzere rubatsiro rwakatokura rwemakambani ezvekudzivirira epamusoro-soro. .Vanowedzera uye vanovanza tsigiro yeUS kuhugandanga hwehurumende hunoitwa nenyika dzakaita seIsrael, Russia, China, Indonesia nedzimwe nyika dzine kuuraya vanhu veko uye vanogarwa nevanhu zvinogara zvichitsanangurwa zvine hunyoro uye zvinotsigira nevanoita mitemo yeUS uye nenhepfenyuro dzeUS. Vanotyisidzira zvakananga mamiriyoni kuMiddle East, kusanganisira vanhu veIraq. Aya marongero nemaitiro anowedzera kwete kusachengeteka kwemagariro nehupfumi chete asiwo kusachengeteka kwakananga kwepamusha kwevanhu veAmerica.
Kutora mukana wehutsinye wekurwiswa kwegandanga kwakabatsira kugadzira uye kutadza kudzivirira, simba reAmerican 'elite' riri kufambisa "democracy huru yenyika" padyo nekuswedera kune chimwe chinhu chakaita sefascism. Hwechipiri Bush II hutongi hune hukasha huri padhuze, nehurongwa hwakashata hweruzhinji rwevanhu, kumba nekune dzimwe nyika.
Mugwagwa uchataura pa'The Media uye Basa Rayo muKuumba Mafungiro eVavhoti,' Chipiri Gunyana 14, 7 PM, paHothouse Town Forum, The Hot House, 31 E. Balbo, Chicago, IL (312-362-9707).
Bhuku raPaul Street rinonzi EMPIRE AND INEQUALITY: AMERICA AND THE WORLD KUBVA 9/11 (Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers, 2004) richawanikwa mukupera kwaGunyana 2004.Mugwagwa unogona kusvikwa pa [email inodzivirirwa]
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