Mubhuku rake, Bridging the Class Divide, Linda Stout anotaura chimwe chiitiko apo vanhu vanotambira mari shoma vakagadzira bhurocha raisanganisira mashoko anoti, โChimwe chinhu chinofanira kunge chisina kumira zvakanaka kana hurumende ichishandisa mari yakawanda muchiuto uye pasina pandiri!โ Pane imwe nzvimbo mukugadzira, chirevo "chakagadziriswa" kuti chiverenge, "Handinzwisise kuti sei hurumende ichishandisa mari yakawanda kudaro muchiuto uye hapana pandiri." Vagadziri vebhurocha racho pavakaona kuchinja kwacho, vakashatirwa vachiti: โMunorevei kuti hatinzwisisi? Chokwadi tinonzwisisa! Unofunga kuti takapusa here kana kuti zvimwe?โ (p. 119).
Kana varatidziri vepakati-kati vanosvika pakuronga nefungidziro yekuti vanoda kuvhenekera nekudzidzisa vakanyeperwa nevasingazive, vanogona kunge vari kubatsira mukukamukana kwekirasi kuripo mumafambisirwo ekuchinja kwemagariro.
Sezvinoita David Croteau, mudzidzi anobva kuboka revashandi, anopokana mune Zvematongerwo enyika neClass Divide, "Vashandi vanoziva kuvepo kwematambudziko akakosha emagariro nezvematongerwo enyika nenyaya." Asi vatsigiri vemagariro evanhu "havazivi zvizere kuziva uku kune chikamu chevashandi" (p. 151). Anotora mashoko emuratidziri achiti, โKana uchinyatsonzwisisa [nyaya dzacho], unofanira kuverenga akawanda mamwe manyuko.โ Muchidzidzo chake chakanakisisa cheโvanhu vanoshanda uye vepakati vakasara,โ Croteau anoratidza kuti โichi hachisi hacho chokwadi. Vashandi vanonzwisisa zvakanaka nyaya huru uye vanoona kukosha kweshanduko mune zvematongerwo enyikaโ (p. 152).
Linda Stout, mumwe wevakavamba Piedmont Peace Project, sangano repasi rinogara munharaunda dzinotambira mari shoma muNorth Carolina, anotsanangura varongi veboka repakati vachienda naye paimba neimba vachiti โvakashamiswa kuona kuti vanhu vemunzvimbo medu vanobhadhara. kutarisisa nyaya dzenyika. Patakavabvunza kuti chii chavanofunga kuti inyaya hombe yakatarisana nenyika yedu nhasi, vazhinji vevanhu vanotambira mari shoma ava vakati mari dzechiuto uye marara ehurumende ndizvo zvakakonzera matambudziko edu munharaunda. Hatina kufanira kutsanangura kubatana kwavari. Vakanga vatogadzira chinongedzo, nepo vanhu vazhinji vepakati-kati vanopotsa kubatanidza ikokoโ (pp. 108-109).
Chii chinoita kuti munhu ari pakati nepakati? Izwi iri haringorevi kune mari chete, asi kune nhanho yesimba rekuita sarudzo iro munhu anofarira mubasa rake, izvo zvinounza nemubairo weimwe huwandu hwesimba, rombo, uye peks munharaunda. Izwi riri nani rekuti "boka repakati" rinogona kunge riri "boka remurongi" (ona basa raMichael Albert). Stout naCroteau vanoshandisa "kirasi yepakati," zvisinei, uye nekudaro nekuda kweiyi rondedzero, ini ndichadaro.
Akanyorwa nevanofambira mberi kubva kumabasa ekirasi, ese ari maviri emabhuku akanakisa anobatsira kuvhenekera kupatsanurwa kwekirasi kunowanikwa mumafambisirwo ekuchinja kwemagariro anhasi.
Chii chimwe, kunze kwevanhu vepakati-kati vanofunga kuti vanhu veboka rekushanda "havanzwisise," zvinoparira kupatsanurana kwekirasi?
Kuedza kuvaka pamusoro pekuodzwa mwoyo uye kupererwa
David Croteau paakabvunzurudza varwiri verunyararo nekururamisira vepakati, akaona kuti โkuvhunduka kwakaitwa nevaratidziri paโkuwanaโ kusaruramisira kwakashanda sechipo chakasimba chekuitaโ (p. 54). Vazhinji vevaratidziri ava vanongofungidzira kuti vamwe vachawana kuvhunduka kwakafanana uye kuodzwa mwoyo kunotevera uye kutsamwa kuve zvinokurudzira zvakare. Asi vanhu vanoshanda avo Croteau vakataura navo vakanga vasina kutongoโtenga โgwaro rezvinhuโ pamusoro pehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu vakanga vachitengeserwa kwavari navadzidzisi, vezvamatongerwe enyika, uye vanobudisa nhau. Panzvimbo pokusundwa nokusaruramisira, vanhu vanoshanda vanopindura kwazviri โnekufara yakanetaโ (p. 55), anodaro Croteau.
Kuisa pfungwa pazivo pane kuita
Zvichida vachitarisira kudzokorora mune vamwe ruzivo rwavo pachavo rwekuwana kusarongeka, vepakati-kati vanonyanya kukoshesa dzidzo. Linda Stout anoti, โMapoka mazhinji anopa mapurogiramu edzidzo pasina zviito zvipi nezvipi zvaagoverwa, achidavira kuti zivo pamusoro penhau yakati yakakwana kuita kuti vanhu vashande nokuda kwechinjo. Asi ndinotenda kuti kana vanhu vakasiya chirongwa vasinganzwisise zvekuita neruzivo rwavakawana, vanowanzonzwa kusasimba zvakanyanyaโ (p. 138).
Zvichakadaro, David Croteau anopokana, kumisa maforamu edzidzo kuratidza kuvanhu kusarongeka kwese kwakashata kuri munyika kwakafanana nekukumbira vanhu kuti vadzidze zvinhu zvinotyisa asi zvakagadziriswa zvehupenyu - zvinhu zvatisina mukana wekuchinja, semamiriro ekunze. โKakawanda handifariri mamiriro okunze,โ anodaro mumwe mushandi akabvunzurudzwa naCroteau, โasi handikanganisi uropi hwangu ndichiedza kufunga nzira yokuhuchinja nayoโKana kuchinayaโโndinopinda mukati. Handiedzi kumisa kunaya.โ
Kusakoshesa kushanda zvakanaka
Zvimwe masangano ekuchinja magariro epakati-kati haatarise zvakakwana pane zvaanokwanisa kukunda nekudaro anoratidzika kunge asingashande kupfuura zvaari chaizvo.
David Croteau akabvunza Tom, mushandi wekambani yerunhare, chii chingamukurudzira kuti abatanidzwe musangano rinochinja magariro evanhu. Akapindura, โNdinofunga kana ndikafunga kuti zvingaita mutsauko, ndingadaro. Asi ini ndaitofanira kuona kuti zvaizoshanda sei - kuti zvaizochinja sei zvinhu. Ini handisi wekubuda ndinoita zvinhu kuti ndinzwe zviri nani, munoziva. Ndinofanira kuona mamwe maresults. Nezvandinoziva nezvemhando dzezvinhu izvi, kazhinji zvinongopera. Hapana chinombochinja. โ
Linda Stout anobvuma kuti denho yevanofambira mberi ndeyokuwana nzira dzokuratidza vanhu kuti kuchinja kunobvira, kuti ivavariro chaiyoiyo. "Zvakakosha pakusvika kune vanhu vane mari shoma, kana chero ani zvake wenyaya iyoyo, kuti misangano ive yekuzadzisa chimwe chinhu. Zvakakosha kupa vanhu 'chiito' basa mumusangano wega wega. Vanhu vane mari shoma ndivo vanotoda kunyatsoona kuti vari kuita mutsauko vasati vazvitendaโ (p. 138).
Kugadzirisa "kurwa kwakanaka" kunze kwekukunda
Zvinogona kunge zvisiri pachena kune vazhinji vepakati-varatidziri vepakati kuti vave ichi chinangwa-chakanangana sezvo, sezvakaonekwa naDavid Croteau, kune vazhinji vavo, basa ravo rezvematongerwo enyika rinopa mibairo yemukati. Vanoti kuratidzira โkuzadzisa,โ โkunofadza,โ uye kungoโnakidzaโ (p. 123). โKutaura pachena, zvakawanda zvezvematongerwo enyika zvepakati zvakagadzikana. Ndiko kuti, sezvo kutora chikamu kuchiunza mibairo yako uye vatsigiri vepakati-kati kazhinji havasi kushandira zvido zvavo zvekukurumidza, zvinowanzoita mutsauko mudiki kana mafambiro akadaro achibudirira kune avo vanosarudza kutora chikamu. Kuvanhu vokunze savashandi vandakabvunzurudza, zvisinei, kuronda kupfuuridzirwa kwenhamburiko dzinoratidzika kuva dzisina maturo kungaratidzika kuva kunokangaidza. Kusatora chikamu mumagariro evanhu kwakafanana nekusavhota. Kuzivawo kuti kuita kwakadai hakupe pundutsoโ (p. 125).
Mabhuku aStout's naCroteau akabudiswa muna 1996 na1995 zvakateerana, asi nzwisiso yavanoburitsa hairatidzirwe mumafambisirwo anoita runyararo neruramisiro epakati pepakati pekuita kwavo. Mutsanangudzo iyi, ndinopa chikamu chidiki chete chezvinodzidziswa nevepakati-kati kubva mumabhuku aya. Ndinokurudzira vatsigiri kuti vazvitenge uye vadzidze uye nekubatanidza zvidzidzo zvavo.
Vanhu vanozowana nzira dzakasiyana dzekuendesa zvidzidzo izvi kumberi kubasa ravo, asi mubvunzo wakakosha wekuzvibvunza ndewekuti une nzira yekuteerera zviri kutaurwa nevanhu vanoshanda. Vazhinji vevamiriri vepakati havadaro. Kana kuti vanovharisa meseji yacho nekuti haienderane nehurongwa hwavo. Iyi ndiyo imwe yenzira idzo magariro ekuchinja mafambiro ari classist, uye saka imwe yenzira dzatinobvisa hunhu hwedu pachedu uye kuderedza mikana yavo yekubudirira.
Kubatanidza Kupatsanura KweKirasi uye Zvematongerwo enyika uye Kupatsanura Kirasi kunopa varatidziri nzira yekutanga kuteerera kune vanoshanda-kirasi manzwi.