Gwero: Jacobin
Ndipo muvoti yodziwika bwino ku New York's JFK8 yosungiramo katundu, ogwira ntchito apambana mgwirizano woyamba wa Amazon padziko la US. Ndi antchito zikwi zisanu ndi zitatu, JFK8 ndi amodzi mwamalo ogwirizana kwambiri pazaka zambiri. Ogwira ntchito m'malo ena zana a Amazon, pamodzi ndi ogwira ntchito ku Walmart ndi Target, afika ku bungwe lodziyimira pawokha la Amazon Labor Union (ALU) kuti adziwe momwe angachitire izi m'malo awo antchito.
Mabiliyoni Akubwezera
Poyankha makonzedwe awa, mabwana akuukira.
Ku Starbucks, oyang'anira akuchita zosokoneza mgwirizano ndi kuwombera. Kuyambira February, osachepera antchito khumi ndi asanu ndi atatu achotsedwa ntchito chifukwa choyesa kugwirizanitsa masitolo awo.
Kuwukira kwa mgwirizano wamagulu, ndi misonkhano ya "omvera ogwidwa" komanso kuwopseza antchito, zakhala zikutsatiridwa ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa maola ogwira ntchito, makamaka kwa atsogoleri ogwira ntchito, ndikuyembekeza kuwathamangitsa ntchito. Pali ngakhale a kujambula kunawukhira Pamsonkhano wa oyang'anira onse pomwe mabwanamkubwa amalimbikitsa mamenejala a sitolo kuti afulumizitse njira yoyendetsera antchito omwe ali ndi chidaliro kuti adzavota kuti asapange mgwirizano.
Mtsogoleri wakale wa Starbucks komanso mabiliyoni ambiri a Howard Schultz, yemwe adabwezedwa kuti atsogolere mgwirizanowu, adanena poyera kuti mabungwe anali "kumenyedwa” ndi antchito omwe akuyesera kugwirizanitsa.
Pakadali pano ku Amazon, pambuyo pa voti ya JFK8, oyang'anira ayambitsa a kusuma mlandu motsutsana ndi ALU ndikuyembekeza kugwetsa chisankho cha mgwirizano. Adakwezanso kampeni yawo yotsutsana ndi mgwirizano pamalo achiwiri a Staten Island Amazon (LDJ5), omwe adayamba kuvota pa Epulo 25. Mlandu wa Amazon ndikuti ALU ndi "bungwe lakunja" lomwe likufuna kutenga ndalama zomwe antchito adapeza movutikira. ndalama ngati malipiro. Pa LDJ5, ogwira ntchito ku ALU adayankha pozungulira chowulutsira kuwonetsa zofunikira zawo ndikuti, "Ngakhale zomwe Amazon imakuwuzani, mgwirizano si gulu lina lakunja. Ndi kuvomereza mwalamulo kuti tili ndi ufulu wonena pa ntchito monga gulu.”
Ogwira Ntchito Atenga Njira Yomenyera
Poyang'anizana ndi kuukiridwa ndi mabwana, chitetezo chabwino kwambiri ndi mlandu wabwino.
Poyankha kunyansidwa ndi oyang'anira a Starbucks, ogwira ntchito ayamba kumenya m'masitolo apadera a Starbucks. Zochita izi zakhala zikutsogozedwa kwambiri kapena kwathunthu ndi ogwira ntchito pawokha.
Ku Buffalo mu Januwale, ogwira ntchito adanyanyala pamtunda wa Omicron wave pazachitetezo cha COVID. Pambuyo pamasiku asanu akunyanyala, adapambana kwambiri: nthawi yolipira kwa ogwira ntchito omwe adakumana ndi COVID, idagwiritsidwa ntchito kumasitolo onse a Starbucks mdziko lonse. Kupambanaku kukuwonetsa momwe kumenyera kumatha kukhala kothandiza ngati akonzedwa bwino ndi zofunikira zomveka.
Chitsanzo china champhamvu chinachitika posachedwa ku Darwin's Ltd., malo ogulitsa khofi ndi masangweji m'dera la Boston. Ogwira ntchito omwe adapanga mgwirizano m'dzinja lapitalo ndipo adavomerezedwa mwakufuna - koma sizikutanthauza kuti mwiniwake wangovomereza mgwirizanowo. M'malo mwake, oyang'anira akhala akukokera mwatsatanetsatane njira zokambitsirana ndi chiyembekezo chokhumudwitsa antchito ndikuletsa mgwirizano pambuyo pake.
Darwin's United, bungwe la ogwira ntchito, linalimbana nawo. Iwo anakonza mosamalitsa ndi kukonza kwa yochepa, synchronized mphindi zisanu ndi ziwiri m'malo onse anayi ogulitsa. Ogwira ntchito adayambitsa sitirakayi polankhula ndi makasitomala m'sitolo iliyonse kuchokera mkati, monga mukuwonera kanema iyi, momwe wantchito wa Darwin Sam White, wa Socialist ndi membala wa bungwe langa, Socialist Alternative, akufotokoza momveka bwino zifukwa zomwe akuchitira. Kanemayo adafalikira, ndipo owonera oposa 1.2 miliyoni m'masiku ochepa chabe.
Poyang'anizana ndi kuukiridwa ndi mabwana, chitetezo chabwino kwambiri ndi mlandu wabwino.
Njirayi inakhala yothandiza kwambiri. Darwin's United idapambana magawo enanso anayi m'milungu isanu ndi umodzi yotsatira (pambuyo pa sabata imodzi yokha m'masabata asanu ndi limodzi apitawa) limodzi ndi mgwirizano watsopano wolanga kuphatikiza zofunika zomwe ziyenera kuchitika - gawo lalikulu lachitetezo cha ntchito lomwe oyang'anira adakana mwaukali.
M’mizinda iŵiri yapafupi ndi Seattle, kumene ndimatumikira monga wasosholisti mu khonsolo ya mzindawo, pakhalanso zinyalala zochitidwa ndi antchito m’milungu itatu yapitayi.
M’mwezi wa March, m’likulu la boma la Olympia, antchito ananyanyala ntchito kwa tsiku limodzi ku Cooper Point Starbucks, kumene ndinapitako mogwirizana. Ogwira ntchitowa adakwiya chifukwa chochepetsera maola komanso kuzunzidwa kwina ndi oyang'anira, zomwe zapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri kuchotsera malipiro omwe amalandira. Pampikisanowu, ogwira ntchito adafotokoza momwe amamvetsetsa kuti amayenera kukhala ndikumenya nkhondo chifukwa kusiya ntchito ndikupita kuntchito ina si yankho - ntchito za Generation Z ndizovuta kwambiri.
Masabata atatu apitawa, ku Marysville, ola limodzi kumpoto kwa Seattle, ogwira ntchito ku Starbucks adagwira ntchito kunyanyala kwa masiku atatu kulimbana ndi kudula kwa maola ambiri komanso zovuta zapantchito zomwe zidapangitsa kuti chaka chino zikhala makoswe awiri. Apanso, ine ndi ofesi yanga tinachita nawo sitalaka imeneyi. Ogwira ntchito adachita kampeni motsatira zofuna zamphamvu, adalankhula ndi makasitomala akubwera pawindo la galimoto, kuwafotokozera zifukwa zomwe adanyanyala, ndikuwalimbikitsa kuti akagule khofi wawo kumalo ena apafupi.
Pofika tsiku lachitatu, sitoloyo inali itatsekedwa kwathunthu, kuphatikizapo kuyendetsa galimoto. Komanso pa tsiku lachitatu, ogwira ntchitowo adalengeza mwalamulo kusungitsa makhadi awo abungwe kuti achite chisankho. Chifukwa chakuti anachitira zinthu pamodzi, mogwirizana mogwirizana ndi zofuna zomveka bwino, anatha kuchitapo kanthu mwamphamvu, mwachiwawa ngakhale asanapereke chisankho.
Masabata awiri apitawa ku Seattle, ogwira ntchito m'masitolo awiri a Starbucks nawonso adanyanyala, kuphatikiza pa otchuka sitolo yapakatikati. Ogwira ntchito m'masitolo a m'tauniyo adanyanyala ntchito kwa masiku atatu. Panali zolakwika zina: picket ya tsiku lachiwiri inayamba mochedwa kwambiri, ndikusiya zenera kuti oyang'anira azitsegula masitolo, zomwe anachita. Komabe, kumenyedwako kunali chiwonetsero champhamvu kwambiri mumzinda wa Starbucks komanso kuseri kwa Schultz.
Kunola Chida
Kunyanyalako ndi chida champhamvu kwambiri chomwe ogwira ntchito ayenera kumenyera zofuna zawo zonse, chifukwa amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochotsa ntchito yawo ndikusokoneza mabwana awo phindu.
Zambiri mwazopindulitsa zazikulu za gulu la ogwira ntchito zidapindula pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomenyera bwino ntchito. Kupambana kwa mgwirizano wamafakitale m'zaka za m'ma 1930 ndi 1940, kuphatikiza kukhazikitsidwa kwa Congress of Industrial Organisations (CIO), kudapambanidwa pamapewa atatu akuluakulu ku Minneapolis, Toledo, ndi San Francisco mu 1934 (onse motsogozedwa ndi socialists) ndi Mbiri yakale ya General Motors idakhala pansi mu 1936-37.
M'zaka za m'ma 1970 panali kumenyedwa kwakukulu, komwe kunachitika chifukwa cha kukwera kwa mitengo yamtengo wapatali kwa nthawiyi - zomwe zikuyambitsanso zipolowe masiku ano - zomwe zimabweretsa kupambana kwa mbiriyakale pakukulitsa kwakukulu kwa mabungwe m'magulu aboma. Koma kuyambira pamenepo, sitiraka zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Iwo akhala otsika kwa zaka zambiri, mofanana ndi kuchepa kwa nthawi yaitali kwa kayendetsedwe ka ntchito.
Izi sizongochitika mwangozi koma zikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi kukwera kwa "bizinesi yamabizinesi" - mwachidule, lingaliro loti ogwira ntchito azilola atsogoleri a ogwira ntchito mwakachetechete kukambirana mapangano ogwirizana ndi mabwana (kwenikweni amakhala odzaza ndi kugonja kwa ogwira ntchito) m'malo mwake. kuposa kudzikonzekeretsa okha. Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za mgwirizano wamalonda ndikuletsa kumenyedwa pamtengo uliwonse posinthanitsa ndi "mpando patebulo" kuti akambirane. Othandizira mabizinesi amaika nkhawa zawo pazokambirana. Amawopa kutsogola kodetsa nkhawa ndi kusonkhanitsa antchito enieni, makamaka kungonyanyala ntchito.
Njira yosokonekera imeneyi yathandiza kuti mgwirizano ukhale wotsika kwambiri m'zaka zopitirira zana limodzi, pomwe mabungwe achinsinsi ali ndi 6 peresenti yokha ya mgwirizano. Tiyenera kusiya njira zonsezi zomwe zalephera ngati tikufuna kuti tipambane pomanganso gulu la ogwira ntchito yolimbana. Izi zikutanthauza kuphunzira kumenyanso.
Tiyenera kusiya njira zolephera izi ngati tikufuna kuti tipambane pomanganso gulu la ogwira ntchito yolimbana. Izi zikutanthauza kuphunzira kumenyanso.
Koma sikuti kumenyedwa konse ndi zochitika zapantchito zimapangidwa mofanana - zina zimakhala zogwira mtima kuposa zina. Pokonza njira zabwino kwambiri, titha kuphunzira kuchokera ku sitiraka, kukonza zoyendetsa, ndi zochitika zina zapantchito zakale ndi zamakono.
Kunyanyalako kuyenera kuwonedwa ngati gawo limodzi lofunikira kwambiri panjira yolimbana ndi magulu kuti apambane phindu kwa ogwira ntchito, pozindikira kuti mphamvu muzokambirana zimachokera ku mphamvu zomanga kunja, m'malo antchito ndi m'misewu.
Kuti mugwire bwino ntchito iliyonse yapantchito, ndikofunikira kukonzekera molingana ndi zofunikira zamphamvu. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakunyanyala ntchito kapena kuphatikizira mabungwe, antchito akamatsutsidwa ndi mabwana. Ogwira ntchito akuyenera kudziwa zomwe akumenyera, zomwe bungweli likunena, komanso kuti sitiraka ikukhudza chiyani. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi zovuta zina zapantchito, zoyeserera za Starbucks Workers United zitha kusintha kwambiri pakukhazikitsa zofunikira zomveka bwino.
Atsogoleri a chigonjetso chambiri cha Amazon Labor Union ku JFK8 adayika zofuna zawo patsogolo mapepala awo, m’kulinganiza misonkhano yawo, ndi m’kukambitsirana kwawo kwa munthu mmodzi. Iwo anaitanitsa: $ 30-kuchepa koyambira malipiro; chitetezo cha ntchito kuphatikizirapo kuyimilira mabungwe pamisonkhano yonse yolangidwa pofuna kuteteza kuchotsedwa ntchito molakwika kapena kuchitiridwa nkhanza; kuthetsa ndondomeko ya nthawi yowonjezera ya Amazon kunja kwa sabata la "Peak" ndi "Prime"; mphindi ziwiri zopuma zolipira ndi ola limodzi; ndi nthawi yeniyeni yopuma, kuphatikizapo nthawi yodwala, osachepera masabata awiri omwe amalipira nthawi yopuma pachaka, ndi mapeto a ndondomeko yomwe kampani imagwiritsa ntchito kuti idziwe nthawi yopuma yopanda malipiro.
Zofunikira izi ndizokhazikika, zomveka, ndipo zili ndi manambala. Mosiyana ndi zimenezo, akakakamizika kuvomereza zofunidwa nkomwe, ogwirizana abizinesi amakonda kwambiri zofuna zosamveka bwino, zopanda manambala, kapena zongofuna basi. Izi zili choncho chifukwa sakufunanso kusanjidwa udindo monga momwe amafunira sitalaka. Zikakhala kuti sizingapeweke, safuna kuti aziyankha pa chilichonse.
Kuphatikiza pa zofuna zomveka bwino, ndikofunikiranso kuti tipeze antchito ambiri kuti achite sitalaka. Kuchuluka kwamphamvu sikutanthauza kuvomerezana - kuthandizana kwamtundu uliwonse kumakhala kosazolowereka ngakhale m'mipikisano yamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo ogwira ntchito sangayime kudikirira kuti agwirizane. Ogwira ntchito ena akhozanso kupindula kudzera kunyalanyazidwa kochititsa chidwi, monga kunachitika ku Marysville komwe wogwira ntchito yemwe sanachite nawo sitiraka adachita izi pa tsiku lachitatu ndikuthandizira kutseka sitolo yonse.
Kugwirizana kapena ayi, kumenyedwa kuyenera kukonzedwa mosamala komanso moyenera. Ku West Virginia, komwe kupambana kwa mbiri yakale kunayambitsa kupanduka kwa aphunzitsi a "Red for Ed" mu 2018, panali miyezi yambiri yokonzekera sitalaka, kuphatikiza kulimbikitsa anthu ammudzi ndikukhazikitsa makomiti okonzekera maudindo osadalira utsogoleri wamgwirizano, ndi pulogalamu yomveka bwino ya zofuna.
Mabwanawa akufuna kuti ogwira ntchito azikhala osungulumwa akamanyanyala ntchito. Tikufuna zosiyana: chithandizo chamagulu ogwira ntchito.
Izi sizikutanthauza kuti sitiraka sizingakonzedwe mwachangu pakafunika. Ku Marysville, chiwonetserochi "chidachitika usiku wonse," malinga ndi mtsogoleri waudindo Katelyn McCoy, pambuyo poti ma baristas awiri adakakamizika kuyendetsa sitolo yonse paokha kwa maola opitilira sikisi - m'modzi wapakati wa miyezi isanu ndi inayi ndipo winayo. pakusintha kwa maola 10.5 popanda kupuma. Koma ngakhale pamene sitiraka ikukula mofulumira, antchito ayenera kuyesetsa mwakhama kuti adzikonzekere bwino, monga momwe antchito a Marysville anachitira bwino.
Kumenyedwa kwamphamvu kwakanthawi kumakhala kwabwino kwambiri. Izi zili choncho chifukwa zitsenderezo za sitiraka kwa ogwira ntchito, kuphatikizapo mavuto a zachuma, ndi zenizeni - ngati sitiraka ikupita patsogolo ndi kuima, mabwana adzalandira mwayi. Zitha kukhala zowopsa kuyambitsa sitiraka panjira ya "tsiku limodzi lotalikirapo, tsiku limodzi lamphamvu", monga momwe utsogoleri wa Mchenga ndi Gravel adachitira pakunyanyala komwe sikunachite bwino kwa miyezi isanu mdera la Seattle.
Mgwirizano utha kukhala ndi gawo lalikulu pakupambana kwa sitalaka. Mabwanawa akufuna kuti ogwira ntchito azikhala osungulumwa akamanyanyala ntchito. Tikufuna zosiyana: chithandizo chamagulu ogwira ntchito. Ichi ndichifukwa chake tathandizira kumanga misonkhano ku Seattle kuti tithandizire ogwira ntchito ku Starbucks kuno, kuyitana ogwira ntchito ku khofi ochokera kudera lonselo ndi dziko lonselo kuti alankhule ndikumanga chithandizo chochulukirapo pantchito yantchito.
Pomaliza, demokalase yamaudindo ndiyofunikira. Ku JFK8, Amazon Labor Union idapanga komiti yayikulu yokonzekera ya antchito ambiri kuti awonetsetse kuti ogwira ntchito ali ndi zonena zenizeni pazisankho zazikuluzikulu za mgwirizanowu. Kukonzekera kwamtunduwu kumatha kukhala kothandiza kwambiri popanga njira zabwino kwambiri zomenyera nkhondo ndikumanga mgwirizano wa ogwira ntchito. Malamulo a ALU alinso ndi machitidwe ademokalase amphamvu, kuphatikizapo lamulo loti akuluakulu onse osankhidwa azilandira malipiro a antchito - chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa chitukuko cha maulamuliro mu mgwirizano, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti mukhalebe ndi njira yolimbana ndi magulu.
Kumanganso Gulu Lolimbana ndi Ntchito
Kunyanyalako ndi njira yofunika kwambiri, ndipo palibe njira yoti Starbucks kapena Amazon azigwirizana mdziko lonse popanda ogwira ntchito. Koma pokhazikitsa migwirizano, njira yonyanyala ntchitoyo iyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi ena kuti apange kampeni yotakata, yoyambira pagulu. Misonkhano yayikulu, kufikitsa anthu, masiku ochitapo kanthu, ndi njira zina zotere zidzakhalanso zofunika.
Monga socialists, ndi udindo wathu kuthandiza kupanga njira ina pamodzi ndi ogwira ntchito omwe akufuna kukhala mbali ya nkhondo yaikulu, osati kuwasiya ku njira zochenjera za atsogoleri a ntchito omwe akufuna kukambirana mgwirizano ndi mabwana.
Pakumenyana kotheratu ndi gulu la mabiliyoni, kupambana kapena kugonjetsedwa kungadziwike ngati ogwira ntchito ali ndi zida ndi njira zolimbana ndi magulu.
Mu ulamuliro wa capitalism, anthu ogwira ntchito aphunzitsidwa kuti ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa, kuti asakhale ogawanitsa, komanso kuti akhale osewera abwino a timu (kapena "othandizana nawo") m'malo awo antchito m'malo mokonzekera molunjika motsutsana ndi mabwana pa zosowa zawo. za kalasi yawo. Pakumenyana kotheratu ndi gulu la mabiliyoni, kupambana kapena kugonjetsedwa kungadziwike ngati ogwira ntchito ali ndi zida ndi njira zolimbana ndi magulu - kuphatikizapo kukonzekera kuletsa mphamvu zawo zogwirira ntchito pomenyera zofuna zawo.
Malo akulu atsegulidwa kuti amangenso gulu lomenyera nkhondo ku United States. Kufunikako sikungakhale kofulumira kwambiri, ndipo mbiri siitipatsa mwayi wambiri. Tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino izi.
Kshama Sawant ndi phungu wa mzinda wa Seattle komanso membala wa Njira ina ya Socialist ndi Democratic Socialists of America.
ZNetwork imalandira ndalama kudzera mu kuwolowa manja kwa owerenga ake.
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