Ngakhale malemu Barbara Ehrenreich anali wodziwika bwino chifukwa cha buku lake logulitsidwa kwambiri mu 2001 Nickel ndi Dimed: Yayamba (Osati) Ndikafika ku America, yomwe inafotokoza zotsatira zenizeni za moyo wa 1996 Welfare Reform Act, iye adathandizira kwambiri chilungamo chachuma ndi bukhu lake lotsatira kuvumbula chipembedzo cha malingaliro abwino.

Ehrenreich, yemwe anamwalira pa Seputembara 1, 2022, ali ndi zaka 81, anali atayamba ntchito yake ndi PhD mu cell biology. Sanasiye utolankhani wake ku nkhani chabe. Anafufuza mozama momwe angathere—kufikira pamlingo wapang’ono—kuti amvetsetse dziko. Tinamaliza kuyambira Nickel ndi dimed kuti anthu sanali kupanga izo ku America. Koma tinazindikira kudzera m’buku lake Mbali Yowala: Momwe Kulingalira Kwabwino Kumachepetsera America kuti chuma chinali chikuyenda mosalephera chifukwa cha izi chifukwa tinali kuyika nkhope yosekerera pa kusalingana.

The Great Recession inayamba mu 2007. Zaka ziwiri pambuyo pake, mu 2009, Ehrenreich inasindikiza Mbali Yowala. Zaka ziwiri zitachitika izi, mu 2011, zionetsero za Occupy Wall Street (OWS) zidayamba ku Zuccotti Park ku New York ndikufalikira m'dziko lonselo. Otenga nawo mbali a OWS anadandaula kwambiri za kugawanika kwakukulu kwachuma pakati pa omwe ali nacho ndi omwe alibe, pamenepa anthu olemera kwambiri "1 peresenti" ya Achimereka ndi enafe - "99 peresenti." Panalibe kuyika nkhope yakumwetulira pachuma panthawiyi.

Inali nthawi imeneyi pamene ndinali ndi ulemu kuyankhulana ndi Ehrenreich. Anafotokoza kuti "pali makampani onse ku United States omwe adapeza ndalama pamalingaliro awa kuti ngati mungoganiza bwino, ngati mukuyembekeza kuti zonse zikhala bwino, ngati muli ndi chiyembekezo komanso okondwa komanso okondwa, chilichonse. nditero khalani bwino."

Ehrenreich, yemwe adapulumuka khansa, adati adayamba kufufuza za malingaliro abwino ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere, pafupifupi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi m'mbuyomo. Mbali Yowala inasindikizidwa. Ndipamene anazindikira kuti chinali chodabwitsa chotani nanga cha ku America kuyika zabwino zonse pa chilichonse, ngakhale khansa.

Akayang'ana magulu othandizira pa intaneti a azimayi ena omwe akulimbana ndi khansa, zomwe adapeza zinali, "zolimbikitsa nthawi zonse kuti mukhale otsimikiza za matendawa, kukhala osangalala komanso oyembekezera." Njira yotereyi imaphimba funso lalikulu lakuti, "n'chifukwa chiyani tili ndi mliri wa khansa ya m'mawere?" adatero.

Anagwiritsa ntchito lingalirolo momwe malingaliro abwino amabisira mafunso osagwirizana pazachuma. Ndipo adapeza kuti pali bizinesi yonse yomwe idapangidwa kuti itsimikizire anthu aku America omwe ali ndi mavuto azachuma kuti umphawi wawo udachokera kumalingaliro awo oyipa komanso kuti atha kusintha zinthu ngati angowonera chuma, kuvomereza zomwe angathe kuchita pazatsogolo lawo loyipa komanso kufunitsitsa. ndalama kuti ziziyenda m'miyoyo yawo. Chofunika kwambiri pamakampaniwa ndi "makochi, okamba zolimbikitsa, zolemba zolimbikitsa zoyika pamakoma aofesi," ndi zina zambiri, adatero Ehrenreich.

Adalumikizanso kukwera kwa mpingo waukulu waku America ndi gulu lomwe likukula la oganiza bwino. “Mipingo ikuluikulu sikunena za Chikhristu. Mipingo ikuluikulu ikunena za momwe mungayendere bwino chifukwa Mulungu akufuna kuti mukhale olemera,” adatero.

Joel Osteen, m'busa wa mpingo waukulu wa ku Houston, mwina ndi m'modzi mwa atsogoleri odziwika bwino a uthenga wabwino wotukuka. Mu umodzi mwa maulaliki ake - mothandiza adayikidwa pa intaneti ngati kanema wa YouTube wanzeru kuti afikire anthu ochuluka—Osteen amanena kuti malinga ndi “malemba,” “chuma cha anthu osapembedza chimaikidwiratu olungama,” ndipo “chidzaperekedwa m’manja mwa olungama.” Osonkhana ake angayesedwe kulingalira za kusamutsidwa kwa banki kuchokera kwa olemera osakhulupirira kuti kuli Mulungu akutsanulira mwamatsenga muakaunti yawo.

Osteen wakhala wopindula ndi chuma chambiri chomwe chimasamutsidwa kuchokera kwa osonkhana ake kupita m'matumba ake, kotero kuti angakwanitse kukhala m'nyumba. $10 miliyoni. Palibe chododometsa apa, chifukwa Osteen ndi umboni weniweni kwa otsatira ake kuti mphamvu yamalingaliro abwino imagwira ntchito.

Ehrenreich ananena kuti cholinga chonse cha mipingo imeneyi ndi kupanga chokumana nacho chabwino kwa mipingo yawo ndikupereka lingaliro la kuthekera kosangalatsa. Chochitika cha matchalitchi akuluakulu chakhazikika pa “lingaliro lakuti tchalitchi sichiyenera kusokoneza. Simukufuna kukhala ndi uthenga wotsutsa kutchalitchi. N’chifukwa chake sudzapezanso mtanda pakhomapo.”

Mwina izi zili choncho chifukwa chifaniziro cha Yesu Khristu wamagazi, wamaliseche watheka wokhomeredwa ndi manja ndi mapazi ake pamtanda wamatabwa ndi chowawa kwambiri kupirira ndipo chikhoza kulepheretsa maloto a Ferraris amtsogolo ndi ndege zapadera. "Zingakhale zonyansa bwanji!" anadandaula Ehrenreich.

Kodi mwambo wa maganizo abwino unayambira kuti? "Chikhalidwe chamakampani aku America chadzaza ndi malingaliro abwinowa," makamaka m'ma 1990 ndi 2000, adatero Ehrenreich. "Zinakula chifukwa mabungwe amafunikira njira yochepetsera, yomwe idayambadi m'ma 1980."

Mabizinesi omwe adachotsa antchito ambiri anali ndi uthenga womwe Ehrenreich adawulemba kuti, "mukuthetsedwa ... koma ndi mwayi kwa inu. Ndi chinthu chachikulu; inu muyenera kuyang'ana pa izi motsimikiza. Osadandaula, osakhala wodandaula, siwe wozunzidwa, ndi zina zotero. "

Maganizo oterowo anafalikira m'madera ambiri. Anthu aku America adayika lingaliro lakuti kutaya ntchito kuyenera kukhala chizindikiro chakuti chinachake chabwino chikubwera komanso kuti "chilichonse chimachitika ndicholinga.” Njira ina ndikuimba mlandu bwana wanu, kapena ngakhale mapangidwe achuma cha US. Ndipo izi zitha kukhala zowopsa ku Wall Street ndi corporate America.

Cholinga china cholimbikitsa anthu ochotsedwa ntchito kukhala ndi maganizo abwino n’chakuti, malinga ndi kunena kwa Ehrenreich, “kuti apeze ntchito yowonjezereka kwa anthu amene apulumuka pakuchotsedwa ntchito.” Zowonadi, tili ndi chikhalidwe choyipa chogwirira ntchito mopambanitsa ku US, pomwe ogwira ntchito m'mabizinesi asintha lingaliro loti amayenera kugwira ntchito mochedwa mopenga, kugwira ntchito Loweruka ndi Lamlungu, ndikugwira ntchito zambiri. Ndi iko komwe, amene amakhalabe pa ntchito, mosiyana ndi anzawo akale amene anachotsedwa ntchito, ayenera kuona kuti ali ndi mwayi pokhala ndi ntchito—kukhala ndi maganizo abwino.

Pakhoza kukhala nthawi yosweka tsopano, yomwe Ehrenreich adakhala mosangalala kuti ayiwone, pomwe zochitika zatsopano zidayamba kuchitika kuyambira mliri wa COVID-19 udayamba. Iwo akuphatikizapo "kusiya kwakukulu,” mawu otanthauza anthu ambiri aku America amene amasiya ntchito zosayamika. Ndipo posachedwa, "kusiya mwakachetechete," lomwe ndi dzina latsopano la lingaliro lachigwirizano lachikale la "ntchito yolamulira" pamene ogwira ntchito akuyamba kuika maola omwe amalipidwa kuti agwire ntchito osatinso. Zatsopano bwanji!

Tili ndi ngongole yachiyamiko kwa Ehrenreich chifukwa chowunikira osati kungoyipa kwa dongosolo lazachuma la US komanso pa chophimba chowoneka bwino chamalingaliro abwino omwe amabisa zonyansazo. Ehrenreich mwina sanakhalepo ndi moyo kuti awone malingaliro ake a chilungamo pazachuma akukwaniritsidwa. Koma, monga iye kamodzi anauza New Yorker, “Lingaliro siliri lakuti tidzapambana m’moyo wathu ndipo ndiwo muyeso wa ifeyo koma kuti tidzafa tikuyesera.”

Nkhaniyi idapangidwa ndi Economy for All, ntchito ya Independent Media Institute.

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