Kuyambira wamkulu General Motors chomera ku Silao idatsegulidwa mu 1996, antchito adayimiridwa ndi wazaka 86 zakubadwa Confederation of Mexico Workers (CTM). Mu February chaka chino, zonse zidasintha pamene ambiri mwa ogwira ntchito 6400 a GM adavotera kuti aimirire ndi Independent Union of Auto Industry Workers.SINTTIA). Izi zisanachitike, zisankho zamayunivesite pafakitale zinali zopanda pake. 

Olemba ena a zantchito anena kuti maziko a chigonjetso cha SINTTIA adayalidwa ndi makonzedwe a Mgwirizano wa US-Mexico-Canada zomwe zimapereka chitetezo kwa ogwira ntchito aku Mexico komanso zidapatsa Woyimira Zamalonda ku US ufulu wolowerera mwachindunji ndi mabungwe omwe akuphwanya ufulu wa ogwira ntchito. Pamene CTM idachita zachinyengo pavoti yovomereza mgwirizano wa GM pa Ogasiti 20, 2021, Woyimira Zamalonda waku US Katherine Tai ndi Mexican Labor Department analira, ndipo mgwirizano unakanidwa. Izi zidayambitsa chisankho chotsatira mu February, chomwe chidayang'aniridwa mwachidwi.

ZOCHITIKA PA GM SILAO

GM Silao amayendetsa masinthidwe awiri a maola 12. Kupatula nthawi zina pomwe magawo sapezeka (monga zidachitika chaka chatha panthawi yakusowa kwa tchipisi ta makompyuta), ntchitoyi siyiyima. Nthawi yowonjezera yolipidwa kulibe, ndipo mabafa ndi mtunda wautali kuchokera kumadera ena a mzere wopangira. Ogwira ntchito amangokhala ndi nthawi yopuma ya theka la ola lopuma, ndipo malo odyera amodzi omwe ali mkati mwa fakitale yayikulu amatha kuyenda mphindi 10 kuchokera pamzere. Kudya pamzere ndikoletsedwa, kotero antchito ena amangodumpha nkhomaliro panthawi yawo yosintha.

Ogwira ntchito ku GM Silao amalipidwa ndalama zokwana madola awiri a ku America pa ola kuti apange pickups za Chevrolet Silverado ndi GMC Sierra—100 peresenti yake ndi yotumizidwa kunja, ndipo gawo la mikango likupita ku United States. Pamalipiro aumphawi awa, ogwira ntchito ku GM Silao sangakwanitse kugula magalimoto awoawo. M'malo mwake, amadalira mayendedwe apagulu kapena mabasi a kampani ya GM kuti akafike kuntchito.

KUKONZERA KWAMKATI: KUCHOKERA GENERANDO MOVIMIENTOTO SINTTIA

Mu 2018, kagulu kakang'ono ka antchito odyetsedwa a GM adasonkhana kuti apange Generando Movimiento (Kupanga Mayendedwe). GM ndi CTM nthawi yomweyo adalumikizana kuti awatsatire. Monga chitsanzo cha njira za GM, mu 2019 patatha zaka 13 pa ntchito, Israel Cervantes, wogwira ntchito usiku komanso wotsogolera wamkulu wa Generando Movimiento, adaitanidwa ku ofesi ya oyang'anira nthawi ya 10:30 PM, akuimbidwa mlandu wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndikuyesedwa pomwepo. Zotsatira za mayeso zidanamiziridwa ngati zabwino. Patangopita nthawi pang'ono Israeli adathamangitsidwa, ndipo pakati pausiku adaperekezedwa ku chipata chakutsogolo cha GM, chomwe chimatsegukira mumsewu waulere. Pa ola lomwelo adapeza mwayi atakwera taxi, ndipo popita kunyumba adayamba kupanga dongosolo loti achite. Anayamba kulankhulana ndi anzake ku Generando Movimiento, ndipo m'mawa amapita ku labotale yodziimira yekha ndikulipira mayeso a mankhwala. Patangotha ​​maola 12 atachotsedwa ntchito, analandira zotsatira za mayeso achiwiri. Ukhondo. Amadziwa kuti izi sizikanamubwezera ntchito yake, koma Israeli adawona kuti ndi umboni wothandiza pankhondo yake yopitilira ndi oyang'anira GM.

Pafupifupi okonza ena 17 a Generando Movimiento adathetsedwanso pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana - kuphatikiza kukhala ndi Covid! GM sanali "kuwawotcha" iwo; ogwira ntchitowo anafunsidwa kuti avomereze kuchotsedwa ntchito modzifunira popanda phindu lililonse. Ambiri ankaona kuti alibe chochita. Ndi mabanja oti aziwasamalira, anafunikira kupeza ntchito ina mofulumira; atatu okha akulimbana ndi kuwombera kwawo.

Atsogoleri a GM ndi CTM atadziwa kuti Israeli adasumira mlandu woti abwezeretsedwe ndikutsutsa mayeso abodza a mankhwala osokoneza bongo, adamupatsa kubweza malipiro ake omwe adatayika, koma sakanamubwezeranso. Israel idakana zomwe adapereka, ndipo tsopano akulimbana kuti abwezeretse ntchito yake kudzera m'makhothi atsopano azantchito omwe akhazikitsidwa ndi kusintha kwazantchito kwa chipani cha Morena mu 2019.

Generando Movimiento anali akukonzekera zaka zingapo asanatulutse CTM ndipo anali atatulutsa kale atsogoleri odalirika. Pamene SINTTIA inakhazikitsidwa, wogwira ntchito ku GM Alejandra Morales Reynoso adasankhidwa kukhala mlembi wamkulu. Ogwira ntchito opitilira ochepa adakweza nsidze zawo kuti akhale ndi mkazi pa helm, koma izi zidasintha mwachangu. Wopenta kwa zaka zambiri za 12 ku GM, Alejandra nthawi zambiri ankatsutsa zopanda chilungamo zambiri zomwe zimachitika pafakitale. Ndipo antchito anzake anamuona, mayi wosakwatiwa yemwe anakulira wosauka, monga mmodzi wa iwo eni, amene anali nawo m’mavuto awo ndipo anakana kuchita mantha ndi iwo. zoopseza kuchokera kwa otsutsa a SINTTIA.

KUSINTHA KWA NTCHITO PASI MORENA

Sam Pizzigati, mtolankhani wakale wa zantchito komanso mkonzi wina wa Mexico Solidarity Project Bulletin, wanenanso chinthu china chofunika kwambiri chomwe chinathandiza kuti SINTTIA ipambane. Kugwira kwachitsulo kwa CTM pa maubwenzi ogwira ntchito ku Mexico kunayamba kufooka pamene akupita patsogolo Morena chipanicho chidayamba kulamulira mu 2018 ndipo woyang'anira ndale wa CTM, a Institution Revolution Party (PRI), adagonjetsedwa. Malamulo atsopano apantchito anakhazikitsidwa, ndipo kutsatiridwa kwa malamulo omwe analipo kunayamba mwachangu. Papepala, Constitution ya 1917 ya ku Mexico imayika chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito, ufulu wawo wokonzekera, ndi ufulu womenya. Koma kwa zaka 70, PRI ndi CTM akhala akusewera antchito ngati violin: akunyamula chidacho mwachidwi ndi dzanja lamanzere, ndiyeno akusewera mokwiya ndi "lamanja." Pansi pa Morena, maubwenzi ogwira ntchito adapangidwa ndi federal, ndikuchotsa zomwe zidachitika kale zomwe zidayika ndale za boma, CTM, ndi mabungwe pampando woyendetsa.

Kusauka kwa ogwira ntchito ku Mexico sikungochitika chifukwa cha mabungwe achinyengo aku Mexico. United States yatenga nawo gawo pakusatukuka kwa Mexico kwazaka zopitilira zana. Ngakhale chiwonongeko cha 1917 chisanachitike ku Mexico, makampani aku US adapatsidwa makontrakitala apamwamba kwambiri omanga njanji ku Mexico, ndipo mu 1994 NAFTA pangano linasintha eni mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono aku Mexico ndi alimi kukhala ogwira ntchito ochepa kapena osamuka.

KUKONZERA NTCHITO YATSOPANO

Poganizira mbiri yachinyengo cha US, atsogoleri a Generando Movement amadziwa kufunikira kwa mgwirizano wamagulu. Adawonetsa kuthandizira kwawo kwa ogwira ntchito ku UAW mu 2019 ndikuyimitsa ntchito. Mgwirizano wawo unabwezeredwa pamene chidwi cha mayiko chinagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa chisankho cha mgwirizano wa Silao GM ndikulimbikitsa mizimu yawo kukakamiza GM ndi CTM kuti achite chisankho chowona mtima. Ndemanga za chithandizo ndi thandizo lazachuma zidafika kuchokera ku Mexico Solidarity Project, Zolemba Zantchito, ndi AFL-CIO ndi UAW, ndi Solidarity Center, nthumwi zapadziko lonse za mabungwe ochita malonda ochokera ku Brazil, Canada yunifolomu, komanso mamembala a Latin American GM union network. Pa masiku a chisankho, msasa wa mgwirizano unakhazikitsidwa kunja kwa fakitale, ndipo oyang'anira mayiko adaonetsetsa kuti chisankhocho sichibedwa.

Kuletsa mgwirizano wa CTM ndikusankha mgwirizano watsopano wodziyimira pawokha zinali njira zofunika kwambiri zopezera kontrakitala yabwino kwa nthawi yoyamba chitseguleni fakitale ya GM Silao. Thandizo lapadziko lonse lapansi lakhala lofunika kwambiri panthawiyi yolimbana ndi mgwirizano, ndi owonera mayiko omwe akuyang'anira chisankho cha mgwirizanowu. Ngakhale ogwira ntchito ku GM Silao ali ndi mphamvu komanso makhalidwe apamwamba, alibe chidziwitso chochepa kapena chidziwitso chothandiza pa zokambirana za mgwirizano, pamene GM adalemba ntchito kampani yodziwika bwino yowononga mgwirizano ngati katswiri wake. Mwamwayi, SINTTIA adalandira thandizo kuchokera Hector de la Cueva a bungwe lothandizira anthu ogwira ntchito ku Mexico City CILAS, Solidarity Center ya AFL-CIO, bungwe la ogwira ntchito zamagalimoto ku Brazil, Mexico Solidarity Project, ndi ena.

Kenako, pa Meyi 10, pambuyo pa njira yayitali komanso yovutayi, SINTTIA ndi GM adafikira mgwirizano wanthawi yayitali womwe ndi kupambana kolimba. Zimaphatikizapo kukwera kwa 8.5 peresenti pamwamba pa kukwera kwa mitengo, mabonasi akuluakulu, 75 peresenti ya malipiro panthawi yoyimitsidwa ntchito kwakanthawi m'malo mwa 50 peresenti pansi pa mgwirizano wa CTM - ndi ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito bafa!

MEXICO'S WAGNER ACT Mphindi

Pofotokoza voti ngati nthawi yosaiwalika kwa anthu ogwira ntchito ku Mexico, Jeff Hermanson, wogwira ntchito wamkulu wa Solidarity Center ku Mexico, amawona malamulo osintha ntchito ku Mexico komanso kupambana kwa SINTTIA ngati Mexico. Ntchito ya Wagner, ndi GM Silao ofunika kwambiri monga 1936-37 Flint Sit Down Strike. Popatsidwa chiyembekezo ndi chigonjetso cha SINTTIA, pakhala pali zigawenga zatsopano m'makampani opanga magalimoto okha: mgwirizano womwe unavotera ku Mazda, kugunda kwa GM San Luis Potosí, zipolowe ku GM Ramos Arizpe ku Coahuila, ndi kupambana kwa odziyimira pawokha. mgwirizano Chithunzi cha SNITIS ku Tridonex ku Matamoros.

Mark Masaoka, yemwe ankagwira ntchito pa GM chomera ku Van Nuys, California, mpaka pamene chinatsekedwa mu 1992 (ndipo mwachiwonekere chinatsegulidwanso monga chomera cha Silao zaka zinayi pambuyo pake), anafotokoza mwachidule zomwe zingatheke: “Kuchotsa mabungwe achinyengo ku Mexico kudzasintha mgwirizano wa mgwirizano pakati pa antchito a US ndi Mexico. Mabungwe achinyengowa atachoka, ogwira ntchito okonzeka adzakhala ndi mwayi wokumana pamodzi kudutsa malire a mayiko kuti agwirizane ndi njira zomwe zimatsutsa mphamvu zamakampani. Tikhoza kumaliza mpikisanowo mpaka kumapeto—ndi kunyamuka limodzi!”

Mbiri yapangidwa mosakayika ndi gulu laling'ono la ogwira ntchito zamagalimoto m'mapiri apakati a Mexico.

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