Chidutswachi ndi gawo la magawo awiri pazotsatira za mfundo zoyendetsera anthu olowa ndi anthu ochokera ku Honduras komanso othamangitsidwa pansi paulamuliro wa Trump.
Chidziwitso cha Mkonzi: Mayina ena ndi tsatanetsatane m'nkhaniyi asinthidwa kuti ateteze chitetezo cha magwero.
Lmonga September, Alejandra Contreras anali mmodzi wa pafupifupi 19,000 othawa kwawo opanda zikalata othamangitsidwa ku United States. Adakakamizika kuchoka mdziko muno patangotha โโโโmasiku asanu ndi limodzi ogwira ntchito muofesi ya Detroit Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) adamuuza zakuti amuthamangitse. Othandizira a ICE adamuyika chowunikira pa akakolo ndikumusungitsa ndege yopita ku Honduras, dziko lomwe Alejandra adachokera.
Atakhala ku United States kwa zaka 13, Alejandra ananyamuka ulendo wa pandege kupita ku San Pedro Sula, Honduras ndi ana ake aakazi aลตiri, wazaka zisanu ndi chimodzi ndi 10, onse nzika za US. Aka kanali koyamba kukwera ndege. Anali kupita ku dziko limene lili ndi vuto la kuponderezana mothandizidwa ndi boma, mkhalidwe woipa wa ntchito, kusakhazikika kwa ndale, ndi chiลตerengero chachiwiri chakupha anthu padziko lonse.
Nkhani ya Alejandra ikufanana ndi ena angapo omwe adalandira chidwi ndi atolankhani pautsogoleri wa a Donald Trump (mwachitsanzo. Pano, Pano, Pano, Pano, Pano, Panondipo Pano). Monganso nthawi zina, Alejandra sanapalamula mlandu woposa kuphwanya lamulo losamuka. Anali ndi mbiri yabwino ku United States monga wogwira ntchito, membala wa gulu, komanso kholo la nzika zaku US. Komabe ICE idamuthamangitsa, ndikuyika nkhawa yayikulu pabanja lake ndikunyalanyaza mbiri yake komanso malo owopsa ku Honduras.
Mu zofunika ngati osati kusintha kosaneneka konse, Ulamuliro wa Trump wakhala wankhanza kwambiri kuposa maulamuliro am'mbuyomu potsata milandu ngati ya Alejandra. Kusunthaku kwadzetsa mikangano ndi chifundo cha anthu. Momwemonso zaposachedwapa"kulekerera zeroโ mfundo yolekanitsa ana amene amadutsa malire ndi makolo awo. Mchitidwewu, komabe, sunasinthe kwambiri anthu olowa m'dzikolo malingaliro a ndondomeko. Malingaliro aposachedwa kwambiri alonjeza kuwonjezera chitetezo kwa omwe alandila DACA-ndipo ena akukulira kwa onse olowa m'malo osavomerezeka omwe adafika ku US ali ana-ndipo ayesetsa kulimbikitsa chitetezo ndi kulimbikitsa anthu olowa m'dzikolo.
Kumasuka komwe ICE ingachitire bwino Alejandra ngati chigawenga kumatsimikizira zowona zochititsa chidwi za anthu osamukira kumayiko ena: kukhazikika, kolimba mtima komwe kumagwirizanitsa olowa m'malo osavomerezeka ku umbanda ndi ziwopsezo zachitetezo cha dziko tsopano ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pantchito zokakamiza olowa. Mgwirizanowu umachita zambiri kuposa kulimbikitsa otsatira a Donald Trump odana ndi anthu akunja.
Popanda kusintha kwa anthu othawa kwawo, olamulira a Trump adakulitsa njira yazaka makumi angapo yomwe yasintha mfundo zolowa ndi anthu olowa m'dziko kukhala nkhani ya chilungamo chaupandu ndi chitetezo cha dziko. Kwa ochuluka kwambiri, kusamukira kwinakwake kwawonedwa ngati mlandu, kumene zilangozo zingakhale zowopsa modabwitsa. M'dziko lolimbikitsa anthu olowa m'dziko la "chilungamo," tsogolo la othamangitsidwa ndi olowa m'dziko losaloledwa silikhala ndi kanthu konse: miyoyo yawo ndi yotayidwa ndipo kuzunzika kwawo -ndipo nthawi zina kufa - kumangokhala zotsatira za kukakamizidwa.
Criminalizing Immigration
Alejandra, yemwe ndidakumana naye mu 2017 ndikugwira ntchito ndi anthu osamukira ku Latinx ku Michigan akukumana ndi zovuta zamalamulo ndi ICE, adabwera ku United States mu 2004 ndi mwana wake wamwamuna Felipe. Pambuyo paulendo wowopsa wa milungu itatu kuchokera ku Honduras kudutsa ku Mexico komwe kunawatengera pafupifupi $ 10,000, Alejandra ndi Felipe adawolokera ku Texas, komwe adazindikira mwachangu kuti chitetezo chamalire chimafikira mkati mwa US. Iwo anakafika pa Border Patrol checkpoint, mmodzi wa za 140 ili paliponse pakati pa 25 ndi 100 mailosi mkati mwa US-Mexico malire. Akuluakulu anakonza Alejandra ndi Felipe, kenako anawalola kupita. Alejandra anauzidwa kuti afunika kukaonekera kukhoti la anthu olowa ndi otuluka ku San Antonio, koma tsiku lenileni loti adzaonekere silinakhazikitsidwe.
Alejandra ndi Felipe anapita ku mzinda wina waukulu kwambiri wa ku Michigan, kumene anakumananso ndi mwamuna wa Alejandra, bambo ake a Felipe. Alejandra anakhazikitsa gulu logwirizana lomwe linkakumana pa zikondwerero za kubadwa ndi maholide ndi kuthandizana. Kwa zaka zambiri, Alejandra anakhazikika ku United States. Analowa mโtchalitchi, osaphonyapo phunziro la Baibulo la Lamlungu ndi Lachitatu. Anabala ana aakazi awiri. Anagwira ntchito kwambiri: monga wosamalira, ogwira ntchito kumalo odyera, ndi oyeretsa m'nyumba. Ntchito za Alejandra zinali zosatetezeka, zopeza ndalama zochepaโmonga ntchito yaulimi, kulongedza nyama, kumanga, kukonza malo, ndi kukonza nyumbaโzimene anthu opanda zikalata amachita ku United States konse. Sankapita kutchuthi ndipo sankalandira phindu ngati chithandizo chamankhwala kapena malipiro owonjezera, iye anafotokozaโngakhale kuti nthaลตi zina ankakhoma misonkho. Kwenikweni, akuti anthu opanda zikalata amalipira pafupifupi $12 biliyoni chaka ndi chaka m'misonkho ya boma ndi yapafupi, monga momwe nthawi zambiri samalandira phindu la boma kapena antchito.
In 2013, pamene Alejandra anachita ngozi ya galimoto, zonse zinasintha. Ngakhale kuti analibe vuto pa ngoziyo, ICE adamutsekera pambuyo poti wapolisi yemwe adachitika ngoziyo adamuwuza kuti sanalembedwe - zomwe zidabweretsa zomwe adazifotokoza ngati imodzi mwanthawi zovuta kwambiri pamoyo wake: kumangidwa kwa milungu iwiri kundende ya federal. .
Wapolisiyo adatha kufotokozera Alejandra ku ICE chifukwa cha Secure Communities Initiative-pulogalamu yomwe inayamba mu 2008 yomwe imasonkhanitsa zizindikiro za zala ndi zina za biometric kuchokera m'madipatimenti apolisi a m'deralo, zomwe ICE imagwiritsa ntchito. Poyankha milandu yambiri komanso kukana kwamadera ambiri kutenga nawo mbali, kayendetsedwe ka Obama kuimitsidwa pulogalamuyo, m'malo mwake ndi Preority Enforcement Programme, yomwe idakhazikika mfundo zazikulu za pulogalamu. Komabe Purezidenti Trump adabwezeretsanso. Kuyambira pomwe idakhazikitsidwa zaka khumi zapitazo, ndikubwezeretsanso, pulogalamuyi yatsogolera, malinga ndi ICE, โkuchotsa zigawenga zoposa 363,400 ku USโ
Mikhalidwe Yotetezedwa ndikuwonjezedwa kwa gawo la 287 (g) mu Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act (IIRIRA), yomwe idasainidwa kukhala lamulo ndi Purezidenti Bill Clinton mu 1996. 287 (g) amalola madipatimenti apolisi akumaloko kuti achite mapangano ndi ICE kuti achite. cholinga cha "alendo ophwanya malamulo." IIRIRA inathetsa ndondomeko yomwe inkateteza anthu olowa m'mayiko ena popanda mbiri yakale kuti asathamangitsidwe. Komanso kukodzedwa mitundu yamilandu yomwe ingapangitse kuthamangitsidwa, kutengera malamulo omwe adakhazikitsidwa pansi pa Purezidenti Ronald Reagan ndi George HW Bush. Pambuyo pa ndime ya IIRIRA, Mwachitsanzo, anthu osamukira kudziko lina omwe anaimbidwa mlandu wopalamula mlandu umene unachititsa kuti atsekedwe mโndende ndipo amene analandira zilango zawo anayenera kuthamangitsidwabe. Mlendo amene anagwiritsa ntchito nambala yabodza kapena yobwereka kuti azigwira ntchito amakhala ndi mlandu โwoipitsitsa,โ pamene milandu yonga kuba mโmasitolo kapena kuyendetsa galimoto popanda laisensi imasandukanso milandu yotha kuthamangitsidwa.
Zonsezi zinachitika mkati mwa chigamulo chokhwima chomwe chinakhala mbali ya Nkhondo Yolimbana ndi Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito mofala kwa "mazenera osweka" ndi njira zapolisi "zoyimitsa ndi zowonongeka" zomwe zimayang'ana ndalama zochepa, zamatawuni, ndi magulu ang'onoang'ono kudutsa United States. Ndondomeko zotere zapangitsa kuti anthu ambiri azimangidwa osati kwa anyamata achichepere aku America aku America, komanso achinyamata a Latinos, onse osalembedwa kapena ovomerezeka mwanthawi yochepa. Kumangidwa kwa anthu ambiri kwasanduka gawo ndi phukusi kuthamangitsidwa kwa anthu ambiri, ngakhale kuti obwera kumayiko ena amachita zachiwembu pamlingo wochepa kwambiri kuposa nzika zaku US. Kuyambira chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, ichi chakhala chifukwa chachikulu chomwe Dipatimenti Yoteteza Kwawo (DHS) ndi ICE zawonjezeka kwambiri manambala awo othamangitsidwa.
Kusintha kwa Olowa ndi Kulowa, Kwachedwetsedwa
Wali mโndende mu 2013, Alejandra anapeza kuti khoti loona za anthu olowa ndi otuluka mโdziko la San Antonio linapereka lamulo loti amuthamangitse mโdzikolo mu 2004. Loya wina anamulangiza kuti apitirize kuchotsedwa ntchito kwa chaka chimodzi atachotsedwa ntchito. Popeza kuti anali ndi mbiri yabwino komanso kuti Alejandra tsopano ndi amene anali wolera yekha ana ake, aลตiri mwa iwo anali nzika za ku United States, analoledwa kukhala kumeneko, motero Alejandra analoledwa kugwira ntchito mwalamulo, kukonza katundu mโfakitale yochitira misonkhano ya magalimoto, kumene ankadziลตa Chisipanishi. zinali zofunika. Kutuluka mumthunzi kunapangitsa Alejandra kukhala ndi moyo wotetezeka komanso wokhazikika pazachuma, a zotsatira wamba kwa iwo omwe akwaniritsa mulingo wokulirapo wamalamulo. Panthaลตi imodzimodziyo, Alejandra anathanso kufunsiranso zotsalira zapachaka zochotsedwapoโzimene zimawononga $700 pachaka ndiponso ndalama zokulirapo kuti loya azipereka zikalataโmpaka 2017.
Pakadali pano, adakhalanso ndi chiyembekezo kuti mfundo zolowa m'dzikolo zisintha. Ngakhale Congress idalepheranso kupititsa patsogolo kusintha kwa anthu osamukira ku Congress mu 2010, olamulira a Obama adapereka chitetezo china kwa pafupifupi 700,000 a The 3.6 miliyoni Dreamers ndi Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) Programme mu 2012. Patadutsa zaka ziwiri, Obama adakhazikitsa Deferred Action for Parents of Americans and Lawful Permanent Residents (DAPA), ntchito inanso yayikulu yomwe idayima ngati cheke chofunikira pakuphwanya malamulo. osakhala nzika, koma sanapereke chitetezo chokwanira ndi ubwino wokhala nzika. DAPA, komabe, inali oletsedwa ku federal court zotsatirazi mlandu zoyambitsidwa ndi opanga malamulo osunga malamulo ndi maloya akuluakulu m'maiko 26 osiyanasiyana. Pomaliza, ulamuliro wa Trump kuchotsedwa pulogalamu. Ngati idakhazikitsidwa, DAPA ikanatha pafupifupi anthu mamiliyoni anayi, kuphatikizapo Alejandra.
Kwa Alejandra, kutha kwa DAPA kunatanthauza kuti chiyembekezo chake chinali kugwira ntchito ndi ICE. Anapitirizabe kupempha kuti achotsedwe kwa chaka ndi chaka, ngakhale kuti loya wake ananenanso kuti angachite apilo lamulo loti amuthamangitse nโkukapempha chitetezo. Izi, komabe, zidakhalabe zoyeserera zachiwiri ngati kuchotsedwa kwalephera. Koma kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2017, ICE sinavomereze nthawi yomweyo kuti Alejandra asachoke. Bungweli m'malo mwake lidafuna nthawi zambiri pomwe Alejandra amayenera kubweretsa zolembedwa zambiri ndipo amafunikira kujambulidwanso zala, kujambulidwa, kuyeza ndi kuyeza. Pamisonkhanoyi, othandizira a ICE adabweretsanso mwayi wochoka mdzikolo "mwakufuna kwawo," ndikumupatsa zikalata kuti alembe ngati akufuna kukana kulera ana. Misonkhano imeneyi inali yovutitsa maganizo: Alejandra ankaopa kuti kupita ku Honduras kudzatanthauza chiyani, ndipo anachita mantha poganiza kuti asiya ana ake.
Kulandira Nkhani Zoipa Kwambiri
Im'chilimwe cha 2017, ndinatsagana ndi Alejandra kukakumana ndi ICE, ndikuchita ngati womasulira wake. ICE nthawi zambiri salola aliyense m'maofesi ake omwe sali m'maofesi ake, kotero kuti ndilowemo, ndidatsatira upangiri wa loya yemwe adandiuza kuti ndimuuze mlondayo kuti ndili ndi nthawi.
Ndili mโchipinda chodikirira limodzi ndi Alejandra, ndinayangโana mโmakalata otithandizira amene tinabwera nawo. Zinali zosavuta kuzisonkhanitsa. Abusa a tchalitchi cha Alejandra anamulongosola kukhala โwodzipereka, wodzipatulira ndi wokhulupirika osati ku banja lake lokha, komanso ku unansi uliwonse wa moyo wake. Mphunzitsi wamkulu pasukulu ya ana ake analemba kuti Alejandra ndi โmakolo amene akulera okha ana, mayi wachikondi, [ndi] wachikondi kwambiri, wolimbikira ntchito, ndiponso woganizira ena.โ Alejandra ananena kuti โamagwira ntchito mwapangโonopangโono ndipo amamukhulupirira kuti amagwira ntchito mwaluso komanso mwakhama,โ bwana wa Alejandra ananena kuti nthawi zonse amamudalira.
Alejandra ataitanidwa kuti akakumane ndi woyangโanira mlandu wake, tinapereka makalatawo ndi pempho loti asamuchotse. Nditatenga ID yanga ndikuyisanthula, msilikaliyo anapitiriza kuwunika mwamsanga mbiri ya Alejandra. Alejandra sankamvetsa chilichonse, choncho ndinalowererapo. Wapolisiyo anandiyangโana ndipo, mokweza mawu, anati, โNdikulankhula ndi Alejandra monga wapolisi wake.โ Ndinapitirizabe pang'ono, koma mkuluyo anandibwezera, kunena kuti ndi mlandu wake ndipo anali ndi ntchito yaikulu yoti agwire. Ndinagwedeza mutu ndikungokhala chete. Koma posakhalitsa, wapolisiyo ananena kuti Alejandra anadziwa za lamulo loti amuthamangitse mโdzikolo mu 2004. Ndinayankhanso motsutsa, nโkumuuza kuti ankangodziwa za lamuloli mu 2013 atamangidwa. Poyankha mwachidule, wapolisiyo anandiuza kuti ndipite kuchipinda chodikirira, chimene ndinachita, ngakhale kuti ndinapempha kulankhula ndi woyangโanira wake.
Nditakhala mโchipinda chodikirira mphindi zingapo pambuyo pake, mkulu wa mlanduwo analoลตa ndi kufuula kuti woyangโanira wandiuza kuti ndituluke mโnyumbayo. Kenako alonda atatu okhala ndi zida ananditulutsa. Pamene ankatero, mmodzi wa iwo ananena kuti akujambulidwa, kwinaku akuloza kamera imodzi yachitetezo cha nyumbayo. Zonsezi zinachitika pamaso pa anthu 30 kapena kuposerapo amene anatsala mโchipinda choyembekezeramo. Zinali zoonekeratu kuti ICE inali ndi mphamvu zowongolera omwe amalowa ndi kutuluka mnyumba zake.
Ndikadakhala loya woimira Alejandra, ndikadakhala, popeza iwo omwe ali ndi nthawi yokumana ndi ICE ali ndi ufulu wobweretsa uphungu. Koma iyi ndi njira yokwera mtengo komanso yowononga nthawi. Ochepa, ngakhale akanakhala ndi maloya, akanatha kuchita zimenezi. Akuluakulu a ICE nthawi zambiri amayang'anira anthu osamukira kwawo omwe amakumana nawo m'nyumba zawo, zotetezedwa, zopanda malire ndi zoletsa zakunja. Kuno, monga kwina kulikonse, pali macheke ochepa paulamuliro wawo komanso njira zochepa zoyendetsera milandu.
ICE idavomera kuunikanso pempho la Alejandra loti asachotsedwe. Komabe atabwerera ku ofesi patatha milungu iwiri, adakanidwa. Kumbuyo, Alejandra analibe mwayi kwenikweni, makamaka atapatsidwa lamulo lomuthamangitsa. Pansi pa Trump, anthu omwe m'mbuyomu akanatha kugwira ntchito ndi ICE, kukhazikitsa mbiri yabwino, ndikukhala mdziko muno sangathenso kutero. Monga momwe loya wina woona za anthu olowa ndi anthu otuluka ananenera, milandu ngati ya Alejandra ndi ya โzipatso zotsikaโ kuti ICE tsopano ikufuna kuwonjezera ziwerengero zothamangitsidwa.
Mu 2017, bungweli lidawonjezera kumangidwa ndi kutsekeredwa m'ndende peresenti 30. Pansi pa Trump, ICE ilinso pafupi katatu kuthamangitsidwa kwake kwa omwe analibe mbiri yakale yaupandu โngakhale kuchuluka kwenikweni kwa kuthamangitsidwa sichinachuluke. Monga momwe mkulu wa Alejandra adanenera, bungweli likukumana ndi vuto lalikulu. Ndipo popeza maulamuliro am'mbuyomu anali atalimbana kale ndi anthu osamukira kumayiko ena omwe ali ndi mbiri yaupandu, ngakhale ang'onoang'ono, komanso omwe adangowoloka malire, olamulira akutsatira milandu ngati ya Alejandra kuti asunge ziwerengero zake zothamangitsidwa.
Popanga chigamulo pa mlandu wa Alejandra, ogwira ntchito ku ICE ananyalanyaza zambiri zofunikira, kuphatikizapo kuti ndi mayi yemwe akulera yekha ana amene ayenera kutengera ana ake kumalo oopsa kapena kuwatumiza kuti akalere. Othandizirawa adachitanso okha, popeza woweruza wotuluka m'dzikolo sanagamulepo pamlandu wa Alejandra, cheke chokhacho paulamuliro wa DHS ndi ICE. (Chekichi ndi chochepa, komabe: makhothi olowa ndi anthu otuluka ali pansi paulamuliro wa dipatimenti yachilungamo yotsogozedwa ndi Jeff Sessions ndipo samapereka chitetezo choperekedwa ndi oweruza milandu.)
Pamilandu ngati ya Alejandra, ICE pamapeto pake imakhala ngati woweruza komanso woweruza. Zigamulo za ICE, kuwonjezera apo, nthawi zambiri zimangoganiza kuti kuphwanya malamulo olowa ndi anthu othawa kwawo ndi mlandu womwe ungachotsedwe. Othandizira pa Border Patrol - bungwe lina lazabungwe lomwe, monga ICE, limagwiranso ntchito pansi pa DHS - linali likuchitapo kanthu pamalingaliro awa pomwe limakonza mwachangu ndikuthamangitsa omwe adawoloka malire, chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu olamulira a Obama adakhazikitsa mbiri yakuthamangitsidwa.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mabungwe oyendetsa anthu olowa m'dzikolo akuwonjezera ntchito zawo m'kati mwa kayendetsedwe ka milandu ndi kufunafuna mwaukali anthu omwe angathamangitsidwe. Pochita zimenezi, amapangitsa kuti anthu azikhala ndi mantha. Kwa mkulu wogwirizira wa ICE, a Thomas D. Homan, zotulukapo zotere mwachiwonekere ndi chinthu choyenera kukondwerera. Iye anachitira umboni pamaso pa Congress July watha kuti ngati munachita "mlandu pokhala m'dziko lino, simuyenera kukhala omasuka, muyenera kuyang'ana pa phewa lanu. Muyenera kukhala ndi nkhawa. โ
Mkhalidwe wa Homan umapereka chifaniziro cha โlamulo ndi dongosoloโ lokhazikika mikangano yolimba ya mapiko akumanja okhudza kusamuka, mkangano womwe umasokoneza malingaliro a Trumpian odana ndi osamukira kumayiko ena ndi chitetezo cha dziko ndi zida zokakamira. Ikugogomezeranso mfundo zoyambira zomwe zimatsimikizira momwe ICE imachitira kuthamangitsidwa. Chifukwa cha zolakwa zawo zotuluka m'mayiko ena, olowa m'mayiko ena omwe alibe zikalata ndi zigawenga ndipo ayenera kuchitidwa motero. Kulikonse kumene angapezeke, ndipo mosasamala kanthu za zolemba zawo, ayenera kutsekeredwa ndi kuthamangitsidwa.
Mfundo imeneyi imanyalanyaza zonse zomwe zikuchitika komanso zotsatira za ndondomeko za anthu othawa kwawo pa mabanja ndi madera. Monga Homan ndi Attorney General Jeff Sessions atsutsa, ngati mabanja ndi madera akugawanika chifukwa chothamangitsidwa, vuto liri ndi anthu othawa kwawo omwe anasankha kubwera ku US mosaloledwa. Mfundo zoterezi zimanyalanyazanso malamulo, monga 1980 Refugee Act, zomwe zimapereka ziganizo zochitira anthu othawa kwawo monga Alejandra ngati othawa kwawo kapena omwe angakhale nzika. M'mbiri, United States athamangitsa komanso kuloleza anthu osamukira kumayiko ena kwanthawi yayitali. Ulamuliro wa anthu olowa m'mayiko ena ukuyenda bwino kwambiri pakuthamangitsidwa, popanda kupatula.
Mkhalidwe walamulo wa omwe sanalembetsedwe komanso omwe ali ndi gawo lazamalamulo uyenera kuyankhulidwa pamisonkhano yapagulu, mu Congress, komanso, pang'ono, pakuwunika kwamilandu. Komabe, pakalibe kusintha kwa anthu olowa m'dzikolo, DHS, komanso ICE, imayang'anira momwe ndondomeko zosamukira kudziko lina zikugwiritsidwira ntchito.
Nthawi yomweyo, zoyesayesa zomwe zalephera pakubweza ngongole za anthu osamukira kumayiko ena komanso lingaliro la olamulira a Trump kuti apereke chigamulo cha DACA aphatikizanso kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa bajeti kwa mabungwe okakamiza anthu olowa m'dzikolo. Komabe ngakhale malingaliro omwe akupita patsogolo angangosintha pang'ono zofunikira ndi zolinga za mabungwewa. Kukhazikika kwa ICE pazakusamuka kumalamulira tsikulo.
ICE, m'malo mwake, sikuti imangokhazikitsa mfundo zolowa ndi anthu osamukira kumayiko ena, komanso imachita nawo gawo powapanga. Onse a ICE ndi DHS adadziyika okha mphindi yomaliza pamakangano amsonkhano wokhudza kusintha kwa anthu otuluka. Potchula zachitetezo cha dziko, DHS idapereka chinyengo, chododometsa memo ku Congress yomwe inanena kuti malamulo ogwirizana, osagwirizana, sangalole kuti DHS ikhazikitse malamulo okhudza anthu olowa ndi kulowa m'dziko ndikupangitsa kuti umbanda uwonjezeke, kuchuluka kwa anthu olowa m'dziko losaloledwa, komanso zigawenga.
Ulamuliro wa a Trump ndi ogwirizana nawo amgwirizano pambuyo pake adachulukitsa kuwirikiza kwawo zofunika kugwirizanitsa chitetezo kwa omwe alandila DACA kuti apeze ndalama zambiri zoyendetsera chitetezo kumalire ndi kulimbikitsa anthu olowa m'dzikolo. Iwo anayesanso kupititsa patsogolo cholinga chawo chokhazikitsa malamulo okhudza anthu olowa m'dzikolo za "zoyenera." Kwa anthu ovuta awa, mlendo yemwe akuyenera kubwera ku United States ndi wolemera komanso wophunzira, osati munthu amene ali ndi mbiri yodziwika bwino m'dzikoli monga Alejandra. Ma Democrat ndi ma Republican okhazikika adakana malingaliro a olamulira a Trump.
Ndi kutha kwa kusintha kwa anthu olowa m'mayiko ena, DHS tsopano ili ndi ufulu wotsatira ndondomeko yomwe imapangitsa kuti anthu othawa kwawo akhale olakwa komanso kukakamiza anthu kuti azitsatira. M'malo ano, ICE imagwira ntchito yokha. Imasambanso m'manja, makamaka m'maiko monga Honduras, komwe ubale wanthawi yayitali ndi United States umakhala wachiwawa kwambiri. "Pobwerera" ku Honduras, Alejandra ndi ana ake aakazi alibe chosankha choyang'ana maso: adzapulumuka ku Honduras.
Edward Murphy ndi Pulofesa Wothandizira Mbiri ku Michigan State University komanso wolemba Kupeza Nyumba Yoyenera: Ufulu Wokhala M'mphepete mwa Urban Chile.
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