Kufunsa Henry Kissinger kuti afufuze zachinyengo zaboma kapena kusagwirizana ndi boma kuli ngati kufunsa Slobodan Milosevic kuti afufuze milandu yankhondo. Wokongola kwambiri, popeza Kissinger akuimbidwa mlandu, chifukwa chochita nawo milandu yankhondo. Komanso, iye wakhala poster-mwana chifukwa choipitsitsa kwambiri boma lachinsinsi ndi nkhondo zachinsinsi. Komabe George W. Bush adamutchula kuti akhale mtsogoleri wa bungwe lomwe likuganiza kuti ndi lodziyimira pawokha kuti lifufuze zankhanza zomwe zidachitika pa Seputembara 11, 2001, bungwe lomwe likufuna kuwuza anthu zomwe zidalakwika tsiku limenelo lisanafike. Ichi ndi nthabwala yodwala, yakuda-ndi yoyera, yankhondo-ndi-mtendere - chipongwe chankhanza kukumbukira omwe adaphedwa pa 9/11 ndikunyoza kwa waku America aliyense yemwe amakhulupirira kuti anthu onse akuyenera kuwerengera boma. zochita kapena kusowa kwake. Zili ngati Bush adauza alangizi ake kuti abwere ndi dzina la munthu yemwe angakhale chisankho choyipa kwambiri paudindowu ndipo, atamaliza, adati, "mulembetse."
Hyperbole? Taganizirani mbiri yake.
Vietnam. Kissinger adachita nawo chiwembu cha GOP chosokoneza zokambirana zamtendere ku Paris mu 1968 kuti athandizire kampeni ya Purezidenti Richard Nixon. Atakhala paudindo, Nixon adatcha Kissinger kukhala mlangizi wake wachitetezo cha dziko, ndipo pambuyo pake adamusankha kukhala mlembi wa boma. Monga womanga nawo nkhondo ya Nixon ku Vietnam, Kissinger amayang'anira ntchito yophulitsa mabomba ku Cambodia mwachinsinsi, ntchito yosagwirizana ndi malamulo yomwe akuti idapha miyoyo ya anthu masauzande ambiri.
Bangladesh. Mu 1971, mkulu wa asilikali a Pakistani Yahya Khan, atanyamula zida za US, anagonjetsa boma losankhidwa mwa demokalase zomwe zinachititsa kuti anthu ambiri aphedwe. Mazana a zikwi anaphedwa. Kissinger adaletsa kutsutsidwa kwa US kwa Khan. M’malomwake, anaona kuti Khan anali “wokoma mtima ndiponso mwanzeru” wake.
Chile. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, a Kissinger adayang'anira kampeni yobisalira ya CIA yomwe idathandizira omwe adakonza chiwembu, ena mwa omwe adagwetsa boma losankhidwa mwa demokalase la Salvador Allende ndikuyika chigawenga chankhanza cha a Augusto Pinochet. Pa June 8, 1976, pamene Pinochet ankaponderezedwa kwambiri, Kissinger anali ndi msonkhano ndi Pinochet ndipo kuseri kwa zitseko zotsekedwa anamuuza kuti "tikumvera chisoni ndi zomwe mukuyesera kuchita pano," malinga ndi maminiti a gawolo (omwe agwidwa mawu. m'buku lomwe likubwera la Peter Kornbluh, Fayilo ya Pinochet.)
East Timor. Mu 1975, pulezidenti Gerald Ford ndi Kissinger, yemwe anali mlembi wa boma, anavomereza kuti dziko la Indonesia liwononge dziko la East Timor, lomwe linapha anthu masauzande masauzande ambiri a ku East Timor. Kwa zaka zambiri pambuyo pake, a Kissinger anakana nkhaniyi pa December 6, 1975, pa msonkhano wa iye ndi Ford umene unachitikira ndi General Suharto, wolamulira wankhondo wa ku Indonesia, ku Jarkata. Koma chingwe chodziwika cha US chopezedwa ndi National Security Archive chikuwonetsa zosiyana. Ikunena kuti Suharto adapempha "kumvetsetsa ngati tikuwona kuti ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kapena mwamphamvu" ku East Timor. Ford adati, "Timvetsetsa ndipo sitidzakukakamizani pankhaniyi. Timamvetsetsa vuto lomwe muli nalo komanso zolinga zomwe muli nazo. " Tsiku lotsatira, Suharto anakantha East Timor. Kissinger ndi wabodza pankhaniyi.
Argentina. Mu 1976, monga gulu lankhondo lachiphaso komanso lodana ndi Semitic lidayamba zomwe zimatchedwa "nkhondo yonyansa" yolimbana ndi zigawenga - pakati pa 9,000 ndi 30,000 anthu "adzasowa" ndi asitikali pazaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zikubwerazi - nduna yakunja yaku Argentina idakumana ndi Kissinger ndipo adalandira zomwe amakhulupirira kuti zinali zolimbikitsa zachiwawa zomwe boma lake likuchita. Malinga ndi chingwe chaku US chomwe chidatulutsidwa koyambirira kwa chaka chino, nduna yakunja idatsimikiza pambuyo pocheza ndi Kissinger kuti United States ikufuna kuti zigawenga zaku Argentina zithe posachedwa - osati kuti Washington idalimbana nazo. Chingwecho chinati ndunayo idasiya msonkhano wake ndi a Kissinger "wokondwa". Zaka ziwiri pambuyo pake, Kissinger, yemwe panthaŵiyo anali nzika yamba, anapita ku Buenos Aires monga mlendo wa wolamulira wankhanza General Jorge Rafael Videla ndipo anayamikira olamulira ankhanzawo chifukwa chochita, monga momwe chingwe china chinanenera, “ntchito yabwino kwambiri yofafaniza magulu a zigawenga.” Monga Raul Castro, kazembe wa US ku Argentina, adanenanso panthawiyo mu uthenga wopita ku dipatimenti ya boma, "Chodetsa nkhawa changa ndikuti Kissinger akuthokozanso mobwerezabwereza zomwe Argentina adachita pothetsa uchigawenga ... ' mitu….Pali chowopsa china kuti anthu aku Argentina atha kugwiritsa ntchito mawu otamanda a Kissinger ngati zifukwa zoumitsa kaimidwe kawo ka ufulu wachibadwidwe. " Ndiko kuti, Kissinger anali, mwanjira ina, akupangitsa kuzunzidwa, kubedwa ndi kupha.
Moyenera, Kissinger ndi munthu yemwe akuthawa zolakwa zake zakale. Iye ndi amene anazengedwa milandu iwiri, ndipo oweruza a kunja kwa nyanja amupempha kuti akamufunse mafunso pamilandu yokhudzana ndi ziwawa zankhondo. Ku United States, banja la General Rene Schneider wa ku Chile linasumira Kissinger chaka chatha. Schneider adawomberedwa pa Okutobala 22, 1970, ndi omwe angakhale opanga zigawenga akugwira ntchito ndi ma CIA. Katundu wa CIA awa anali mbali ya pulani yachinsinsi yovomerezedwa ndi Nixon-ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi Kissinger-kuti ayambitse chiwembu pamaso pa Allende, Socialist, akhazikitsidwe kukhala Purezidenti. Schneider, wolemba malamulo omwe adatsutsa kulanda boma, adamwalira patatha masiku atatu. Pulogalamu yachinsinsi ya CIA ku Chile - yotchedwa "Track Two" - idapereka $ 35,000 kwa omwe adapha Schneider pambuyo pa kupha. Michael Tigar, loya wa banja la Schneider, akuti, “Mlandu wathu umasonyeza, chikalata ndi chikalata, kuti [Kissinger] anachita nawo mwatsatanetsatane pochirikiza anthu amene anapha General Schneider, ndiyeno anawalipira.”
Pa Seputembara 9, 2001, 60 Mphindi zidawonetsa gawo pamilandu ya banja la Schneider motsutsana ndi Kissinger. Mlembi wakale wa boma adadziwika kuti ndi amene adayambitsa zomwe zikufanana ndi zaku Chile kuphedwa kwa JFK. Zinali zowawa kwambiri pagulu lake: Kissinger adaponyedwa ngati wothandizira zigawenga. Patapita masiku awiri, Osama bin Laden anakantha. Nthawi yomweyo, Kissinger analinso pawailesi yakanema, koma tsopano ngati katswiri wofunidwa kwambiri pankhani zauchigawenga.
Pamlandu wina, womwe udaperekedwa koyambirira kwa mwezi uno, anthu khumi ndi m'modzi omwe akukhudzidwa ndi ufulu wachibadwidwe waku Chile - kuphatikiza achibale a anthu omwe adaphedwa pambuyo pa kulanda boma kwa Pinochet - akuti Kissinger mwakudziwa adapereka thandizo ndikulimbikitsa boma la Pinochet. Woyimira milandu wa Kissinger pamlanduwu ndi Michael Townley, wobadwira ku America waku Chile yemwe anali zigawenga zotsogola padziko lonse lapansi chapakati pa 1970s. M’ntchito yake yodziwika kwambiri, Townley mu 1976 anaponya bomba la galimoto lomwe linapha Orlando Letelier, kazembe wa Allende ku United States, ndi Ronni Moffitt, mnzake wa Letelier, pa mzere wa kazembe wa Washington.
Kissinger ali ndi zovuta zambiri kuposa milandu iyi. Khothi Lalikulu ku Chile lidatumiza mafunso ku dipatimenti ya Boma kwa a Kissinger okhudza imfa ya Charles Horman, mtolankhani waku America yemwe adaphedwa panthawi yachiwembu cha 1973 ku Chile. (Kupha kwa Horman kunali nkhani ya filimu ya 1982 Missing.) Woweruza milandu ku Chile adanena kuti angaphatikizepo Kissinger mu kafukufuku wake wa Operation Condor, pulojekiti yodziwika bwino yachinsinsi, yomwe mabungwe achitetezo aku Chile, Uruguay, Brazil, Bolivia. , Paraguay, ndi Argentina anagwirira ntchito limodzi kulanda ndi kupha otsutsa ndale. (Letelier anaphedwa mu ntchito ya Condor.) Woweruza wa ku Spain yemwe anapempha kuti Pinochet amangidwe mu 1998 ku Great Britain adanena kuti akufuna kufunsa Kissinger monga mboni yake pofufuza milandu yotsutsana ndi anthu yomwe Pinochet ndi olamulira ena ankhondo aku Latin America adachita. Ku France, woweruza yemwe akufufuza zakusowa kwa nzika zisanu zaku France ku Chile pazaka za Pinochet akufuna kulankhula ndi Kissinger. Meyi watha, adatumiza apolisi ku hotelo ya Paris, komwe Kissinger amakhala, kuti akamufunse mafunso. Mu February, Kissinger adaletsa ulendo wopita ku Brazil, komwe adayenera kupatsidwa mendulo ndi Purezidenti Fernando Henrique Cardoso. Anthu omwe akufuna kukhala nawo pamwambowo adati adatuluka kuti apewe ziwonetsero zamagulu omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe.
Mnyamata wina yemwe wagwirizira uchigawenga wothandizidwa ndi boma waikidwa kuti aziyang'anira kafukufuku wachigawengawu. Wabodza wotsimikiziridwa wapatsidwa ntchito yopeza chowonadi. Mwa njira, mu 1976, pamene Kissinger anali mlembi wa boma, adadziwitsidwa ndi wothandizira wamkulu wa Latin America kuti maboma ankhondo aku South America akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito Operation Condor "kupeza ndi kupha" otsutsa ndale. Kissinger adatumiza mwachangu chingwe chouza akazembe aku US kumayiko a Condor kuti azindikire "nkhawa" ya Washington. Koma zikuwoneka kuti palibe machenjezo otere omwe adaperekedwa. Ndipo patatha mwezi umodzi, lamuloli linathetsedwa. Tsiku lotsatira, Letelier ndi Moffit anaphedwa. (Peter Kornbluh ndi mtolankhani John Dinges posachedwapa analemba nkhani yomvetsa chisoni imeneyi ya Kissinger mu The Washington Post.) Dipatimenti ya boma ya Kissinger inali isanayankhe ndi mphamvu yofunikira kulepheretsa uchigawenga wa mabwenzi ake ku South America. Mwina izi zimapereka chidziwitso cha Kissinger chothandiza pakuwunika kulephera kwa boma kuteteza zigawenga zaposachedwa.
Ziyeneretso zina za ntchitoyi, monga Bush ndi Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti Dick Cheney angawone? Kissinger yemwe amangokhalira kutayikira, pomwe adagwira ntchito ngati mlangizi wachitetezo cha dziko la Nixon, adalumikiza ndodo yake. (Mmodzi mwa zolinga zake, Morton Halperin, adasumira ndipo pamapeto pake adapambana
kupepesa.) Ndipo atachoka paudindo wake, Kissinger anatenga makumi masauzande amasamba - opangidwa ndi ogwira ntchito m'boma pa nthawi ya boma - ndipo amawatenga ngati zolemba zake, kuwagwiritsa ntchito ngati zokumbukira zake ndikusunga zinthuzo kwa zaka zambiri kuchokera pakufufuza. maso a olemba mbiri ndi atolankhani. Iye ndi Bush-Cheney White House amavomereza pa boma lotseguka: zocheperako ndizabwino.
Kumbukirani, White House sinafune kukhazikitsa bungwe loyima palokha lomwe lingayankhe kwa anthu. Nthawi ina Cheney akuti adalowererapo kuti aletse kusagwirizana komwe kudachitika movutikira ku Congress pankhani ya kapangidwe ndi malamulo a bungweli. Pomaliza, a White House adati zili bwino, bola ngati atha kusankha wapampando ndi ma subpoena angoperekedwa mothandizidwa ndi osachepera asanu ndi mmodzi mwa mamembala khumi a bungweli. Ndi Kissinger akuwongolera, osunga zinsinsi a White House-omwe akwanitsa kale kuletsa kufufuza kwa 9/ll kwa makomiti azamalamulo a Nyumba ndi Senate kuti asatulutse zidziwitso zochititsa manyazi komanso zosasangalatsa - sadzakhala ndi chifukwa choopera.
Ulamuliro wa Bush-Cheney wakhala malo okonzanso anthu aku Republican odetsedwa. Admiral John Poindexter wopuma pantchito, wosewera wotsogola wa Iran-contra, adayikidwa kuti aziyang'anira ntchito yosonkhanitsa nzeru za Pentagon yomwe cholinga chake ndi kuwunika zambiri zamunthu payekha kuti awulule zigawenga zomwe zingatheke. Elliott Abrams, yemwe adavomera kuti adanamiza Congress pamilandu ya Iran-contra, adakumbatiridwa mwachikondi ndikupatsidwa udindo mu National Security Council ya Bush. Koma kusankhidwa kwa Kissinger ndi konyansa kwambiri mwa chifundo ndi chikhululukiro. Ndiko kusuntha kwachipongwe ndi kukhumudwa.
Kwa ambiri padziko lapansi, Kissinger ndi chizindikiro cha kudzikuza kwa US komanso kugwiritsa ntchito molakwa mphamvu zaku America. Muulamuliro, adasamalira kwambiri kukhulupirika kwa US ndi mwayi wa geostrategic kuposa ufulu wa anthu ndi boma lotseguka. Yake yakhala ntchito yosuntha tchipisi mobisa, osati imodzi yowalola kugwa. Iye si wofunafuna choonadi. M'malo mwake, adadzipangira yekha zochita zake ndikuyesa kuchepetsa mwayi wopeza zidziwitso zaboma. Ayenera kuyitanidwa, osati kupatsidwa ufulu woyitanira. Iye ndi chandamale, osati wofufuza.
Ndi kusankhidwa kwa Kissinger, Bush wapangitsa bungwe lodziyimira pawokha kukhala chinyengo. Ma Democrat akanayenera kulengeza kuti akana kudzaza mipata isanu yomwe adapatsidwa. Koma Bush atasankha Kissinger, a Democrat adasankha Senator wakale wa Democratic George Mitchell kuti akhale wachiwiri kwa wapampando wa gululo, kuwonetsa kuti Kissinger anali bwino ndi iwo. Zatsoka bwanji! Anthu athandizidwa bwino ndipo omwe akhudzidwa ndi 9/11 amalemekezedwa bwino popanda ntchito m'malo motsogozedwa ndi Kissinger.
ZNetwork imalandira ndalama kudzera mu kuwolowa manja kwa owerenga ake.
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