Mudanena za paramilitarism yaku Colombia, koma monga ndikumvetsetsa, nkhani yayikulu apa ndikulimbana kwamagulu. Ndi kulimbana kwa nthaka pakati alimi ndi eni nthaka.
Inde, ndiko kulondola. Ndinatchula za paramilitarism, chifukwa ndi chida chomwe eni malo amagwiritsa ntchito kuchititsa mantha. Mosakayikira, komabe, uku ndikulimbana kwamagulu pakati pa anthu oponderezedwa - a alimi omwe ntchito yawo ndi yokolola - ndi eni minda omwe amavutika kuti asunge mwayi wawo komanso kukulitsa ulamuliro wawo.
Kutenga nawo gawo kwa paramilitarism kumachitika chifukwa cha madera ena akuluakulu, komwe kulimbana ndi latifundio zolimba kwambiri, zili m'malire.
Boma ndi dongosolo lazamalamulo silikuyankha mogwira mtima ku ziwawa za anthu olowa m'malo. Pali ngakhale zochitika zomwe mabungwe achitetezo a boma amatenga nawo mbali kampasino kuthamangitsidwa m'nyumba ndipo akhala akuchita nawo zakupha. Nโchifukwa chiyani zimenezi zimachitika?
Pokhapokha ngati boma litathana ndi vutoli moyenera m'pamene lidzatha kuthana ndi kuphana komanso nkhanza zamtundu uliwonse. alimi. Demokalase ya nthaka ndi chilungamo zimayendera limodzi. Mu campo, chimodzi sichingachitike popanda china.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti payenera kukhala dongosolo lonse lomwe silili ndi thandizo laukadaulo ndi utsogoleri, zomwe ndi zomwe INTI [Venezuelan Land Institute] ikupereka. alimi. Dongosolo lachilungamo liyenera kusinthidwa, pomwe Woteteza Anthu [Defensoria del Pueblo], makhothi a zaulimi komanso, zachidziwikire, apolisi ayenera kuphatikizidwa mu dongosololi.
Popanda ndondomeko [yaboma] yotsimikizira miyoyo ya anthu ndikuteteza ntchito za omwe akubweza malo, magulu ankhondo apitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu polimbana ndi alimi.
M'malo mwake, tili ndi mabungwe omwe amanyalanyaza ntchito zawo, kufufuza komwe sikupita kulikonse, ndipo timakhala ndi kuchedwa kwa njira. Ino mbuti mbotukonzya kugwasyigwa ambungano? Palibe zaka makumi awiri ndi mazana akufa alimi zokwanira? Boma liyenera kupanga ndondomeko yokwanira yothana ndi mavutowa. Iyenera kukhala yofunika kwambiri.
Monga momwe bungwe la CRBZ likumvetsetsa vutoli, pali zifukwa zazikulu zitatu: nkhanza za mayiko akunja, ndondomeko ya zachuma ya boma, ndi katangale wochuluka. Komabe, a CRBZ sikuti amangodzudzula boma, koma mulinso ndi lingaliro: The National Productive Alliance. Tiye tikambirane izi.
National Productive Alliance ikufuna kuthana ndi zokolola zaulimi ku Venezuela kuchokera pamalingaliro onse. Lingaliro lathu ndikubweretsa pamodzi magawo osiyanasiyana, kuyambira ang'onoang'ono alimi kwa alimi apakati, kuchokera ku ma cooperatives a zaulimi kupita ku makonsolo am'midzi ndi midzi. Tikufuna kupanga mgwirizano waukulu kuti tithandizire kuthana ndi mavuto omwe anthu aku Venezuela akukumana nawo masiku ano.
Timakhulupirira kuti ulimi uyenera kukhala cholinga chenicheni (osati chimodzi chokha chomwe chimakambidwa), ndipo chiyenera kusonkhanitsa onse omwe ali ndi ntchito yokonda dziko lawo. Ndi gulu lokhalo [lokonda dziko] lomwe lingathe kumveketsa zofuna zake ndi kubweretsa boma muulamuliro. Ndicho cholinga cha mgwirizanowu, womwe ukumangidwa tsopano.
Kuti izi zitheke, nkofunika kukhala ndi mgwirizano ndi mgwirizano pakati pa magawo onsewa, kuchokera kwa omwe amagwira ntchito m'munda kupita kwa omwe amagwira ntchito za ufulu waumunthu. Cholinga chathu sikungopangitsa kuti boma ligwirizane pa mfundo zina, komanso kuumirira kuti lizichita zinthu mogwirizana. Pochita izi, tidzapita patsogolo ku mtundu wina wa chikhalidwe komanso wopindulitsa.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, tikukamba za kusintha kuchokera ku agroindustrial, latifundio model yomwe imachoka. alimi ndipo sichidzipanga nokha molingana ndi zosowa za anthu, ku chitsanzo chotengera zosowa zawo. Ndi za anthu kukhala protagonists.
Timakhulupilira kuti kulimbana kwa kusintha ndondomeko ya zachuma sikuyenera kukhala nkhani yandale. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti siziyenera kutsagana ndi ntchito yokhazikika komanso masomphenya andale. Mgwirizanowu ndi wotseguka kwa magawo omwe sakugwirizana ndi boma bola ngati ali okonda dziko lawo ndipo akufuna kupanga.
Pamene tikumanga mgwirizanowu womwe cholinga chake ndi kusintha ulimi wamakono, ndikofunikira kuti boma likambirane nkhani monga demokalase ya nthaka, kuthetseratu latifundio, ndi kusintha kwa chitetezo. Boma liyeneranso kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe anthu aku Venezuela ali nazo alimi kukhala ndi moyo lero ndikukumana ndi dongosolo lachiweruzo lomwe ndi lofooka kwambiri komanso losatetezeka.
Kupeza mbewu, zida, ndi makina kwakhala kovutirapo alimi mzaka zaposachedwa. Ndikumvetsa kuti National Productive Alliance imagwiranso ntchito kuderali.
Ndichoncho. Kupeza mbewu, zida, ndi makina ndizovuta kwa alimi lero. Monga momwe kuli mafia m'mabwalo amilandu, momwemonso zimachitika ndi kagawidwe ka mbewu ndi zida. Komabe, ngati cholinga chathu ndikupangitsa kuti zipangizo zaulimi izi zikhalepo, ndiye kuti tikufunika mphamvu yokonzekera. Ngati alimi - kuphatikiza conuqueros [alimi ang'onoang'ono] ndi alimi apakati - ndipo madera sagwirizana ndikugwirizanitsa, ndiye kuti boma silimamvera.
Zonsezi ziyenera kuyendera limodzi ndi utsogoleri womwe umachokera kwa anthu omwe akupanga zambiri ndi National Productive Alliance. Umodzi, mgwirizano, ndi bungwe - zonse zomwe ndizofunikira pakusintha kwa demokalase campo.
Kodi National Productive Alliance ikukula bwanji m'gawo la Venezuela?
Ntchitoyi inayamba kumayambiriro kwa 2018. Tsopano, chakumapeto kwa 2019, tinganene kuti tili ndi zotsatira zomveka bwino. National Productive Alliance tsopano ilipo m'matauni khumi ndi atatu m'maboma asanu ndi limodzi. Madera omwe Alliance yakula mwachangu ndi Apure, Tachira, Barinas, ndi Yaracuy. Pazonse, tsopano tikugwira ntchito ndi opanga 7480, ndipo cholinga chathu ndikugwira ntchito ndi opanga 21,000 kumapeto kwa 2020.
Alliance idapangidwa mu "mesas productivasโ [mabodi opangira zinthu] pamlingo wa dziko, boma, ndi manispala, lililonse lili ndi utsogoleri wake. Udindo wa mesas productivas m'dziko lonselo ndikupeza zinthu zofunika kwambiri: "mfundo". Kuchokera pamenepo, timatumiza zidziwitso ku mabungwe amdera lanu, m'boma, ndi m'dzikoโฆ Timayesetsa kumasula โmfundoโ mwa kupeza mayankho anthawi yake.
Mu 2019, National Productive Alliance idakwanitsa kulumikizana ndi Unduna wa Zaulimi, ndipo omwe adagwirizana nawo adalandira mbewu (chimanga, mpunga, nyemba, kutengera gawo) ndi zolowa zina.
Mgwirizano wa National Productive Alliance ukukula mofulumira, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, tikuyesetsa kupanga ndi kugawa zipangizo zaulimi momasuka. Olima onse omwe adalandira mbewu chaka chino akuyenera kudzipereka kuchitapo kanthu "ensemillamientoโ [Njira yokonzekera mbewu za mbewu yotsatira]. Mwanjira imeneyi, akuphunzira momwe angasamalire mbewu ndikukonzekera nyengo yobzala yotsatiraโฆ Tikufuna kuti asamadalire kwambiri boma.
Kodi ziwerengero za Ezequiel Zamora ndi Hugo Chavez zikuyimira chiyani munkhaniyi kampasino kulimbana?
Zamora ndi munthu wophiphiritsa kwambiri pankhondo yaku Venezuela yomenyera dzikoloโฆ Ndichifukwa chake gulu lathu limagwiritsa ntchito dzina lake. Zamora amaimira nkhondo yolimbana ndi nkhondo latifundio. Mizu yathu monga bungwe ilipo. Iye amaimira chiyambi cha nkhondo yathu.
Zamora anatsogolera Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse [1859 mpaka 1863], koma chofunika kwambiri kuposa pamenepo, ntchito yake inali yowononga kotheratu. latifundio. Kufuula kwake kwapagulu kunali "Kuwopsya kwa oligarchy," ndi "Amuna omasuka ndi dziko lomasulidwa," (tsopano timati, "akazi ndi amuna aufulu ndi dziko lomasulidwa"). Tikugwiritsabe ntchito mawu amenewo mpaka pano. M'malo mwake, Chavez adatengera zomwe Zamora adachita, popanga projekiti yake yosintha kwambiri campo.
Pambuyo pa cholowa cha ndale ndi malingaliro, ndikuganiza kuti Chavez adatisiya ndi lingaliro lofunika kwambiri, lingaliro lodzipatsa mphamvu. Izi sichifukwa chakuti adalankhula za mitundu yatsopano ya bungwe, yomwe ili yofunika kwambiri, komanso chifukwa adapanga njira ndi zida zopititsira patsogolo cholinga chimenecho.
Chavez anganene kuti mphamvu "satengedwa mosavuta ngati galasi lamadzi," koma mphamvuyo imamangidwa, ndipo zimatenga nthawi kuti kutero. Choncho tinaphunzira kwa iye kuti anthu akakhaladi ndi mphamvu, mโpamene tidzakhaladi okonzeka kusintha dziko lathu.
Ndikuganiza kuti ndiye mfungulo. Lero tadzipereka kuwonetsetsa kuti projekiti ya Chavez yopatsa mphamvu sizitha. Gulu lathu likuyesetsa kuchita zimenezi mwakhama.
M'gulu la capitalist, njira yopatsa mphamvu sizovuta konse.
Ayi, tiyenera kupanga zikhalidwe za mtundu wina wa demokalase - demokalase yomwe iyenera kukhala yotenga nawo mbali komanso ya protagoni, ndi anthu ochokera pansi. Izo sizichitika mwangozi kapena mwalamulo. Tiyenera kupanga njira ndi bokosi lathu lamalingaliro, ndale, ndi zida zothandiza. Chavez adajambula njira yopita patsogolo, koma tsopano tiyenera kuimaliza ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ikupezeka kwa onseโฆ Izi zikutanthauza kuganiza mwanzeru popeza tiyenera kuganizira momwe mphamvu zodziwika zingamangidwe munthawi zatsopano, zovuta.
Ziyenera kukhala ife, anthu, omwe timapanga ubale watsopano [wamakhalidwe]. Sitingadalire chitsogozo chochokera kumwamba komanso kuchokera kugwero limodzi. CRBZ yadzipereka ku zovuta za anthu ndi kuwapatsa mphamvu.
Chavez anganene kuti ngati anthu apatsidwa mphamvu, akhoza kusintha zenizeni zawo polenga, kupanga, ndi kukonza zamoyo zatsopano. Izi zikubwera pamodzi ndi chiyambi china cha CRBZ: kubwezeretsanso njira yabwino yochitira ndale, motsogozedwa ndi Chavez.
Pamene tikulingalira mphamvu zotchuka, timaganiza kuti ziyenera kukhala ndi chikhalidwe, makhalidwe, ndi chikhalidwe. Ndicho chifukwa chake tili pansi, kukonzekera utsogoleri watsopano, wamakhalidwe abwino. Kunena zodziwikiratu, njira yathu sikutanthauza kupatsa mphamvu omwe ali pansi kuti apeze phindu; ndi za kupatsa mphamvu anthu chifukwa cha ubwino wamagulu.
Ndikuganiza kuti magulu onse otchuka - mabungwe onse a Chavista - ayenera kuchita izi. Kodi mungabwezeretse bwanji njira ya Chavez yochitira ndale? Tiyeni tiganizire za atsogoleri omwe Chavez akadawafuna panthawiyi. Kubwezeretsanso njira ya Chavez yochitira ndale kuyenera kukhala ntchito yosalekeza kwa magulu onse osintha zinthuโฆ Kubwerera komwe tinayambira, izi ziyenera kugwirizana ndi ntchito ya demokalase. Ngati sitichita izi, tidzapitiriza kukumana ndi mavuto mu ndale.