Chitsime: Kuchita Zopanda Chiwawa

Pali nthawi m'mbiri yomwe zochitika zadzidzidzi - masoka achilengedwe, kugwa kwachuma, miliri, nkhondo, njala - zikusintha chilichonse. Amasintha ndale, amasintha zachuma komanso amasintha malingaliro a anthu m'njira zazikulu. Akatswiri ambiri ofufuza za chikhalidwe cha anthu amatcha izi "zoyambitsa zochitika." Panthawi yoyambitsa, zinthu zomwe poyamba zinali zosaganizirika zimakhazikika, pamene mapu a chikhalidwe ndi ndale akukonzedwanso. Kumbali ina, zoyambitsa zazikulu ndizosowa; koma kumbali inayo, takhala tikuwawona mokhazikika m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi. Zochitika monga 9 / 11, nkhondo ya Iraq, mphepo yamkuntho Katrina, ndi kuwonongeka kwachuma kwa 2008 zonse zakhala ndi zotsatira zazikulu pa moyo wa dziko, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwa ndale zomwe zikanakhala zovuta kudziwiratu.

COVID-19, mliri wa coronavirus, ndiye chochitika chachikulu kwambiri cham'badwo wathu. Ndi kuphatikiza kwa masoka achilengedwe komanso kugwa kwachuma komwe kumachitika nthawi imodzi. Kuonjezera apo, vuto laumoyo wa anthu likubwera pakati pa nyengo zandale zofunika kwambiri m'moyo wathu.

Zoyambitsa zochitika zimatha kuyambitsa chisokonezo komanso kusakhazikika. Koma amaperekanso mwayi waukulu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mapulani komanso odziwa kugwiritsa ntchito nthawiyo kuti apititse patsogolo zolinga zawo. Zolinga izi zitha kukhala zongoyankha, monga ngati anthu okonda kusamala komanso okonda fascists amatsata njira zankhanza ndikufalitsa xenophobia - mtundu wa zochitika zomwe zalembedwa mu "The Shock Doctrine" ya Naomi Klein. Komabe, kuyankha kotereku sikuyenera kukhala kopambana. Pokhala ndi ndondomeko yotsutsa yomwe imachokera ku kudzipereka ku demokalase ndi malingaliro ozama a chifundo cha anthu onse, madera amatha kupita patsogolo, ngakhale pamavuto.

M'malo mwake, titha kupeza zitsanzo zambiri m'mbiri ya momwe zikhumbo zopititsira patsogolo komanso zogwirizana zidawonekera poyankha zomwe zidayambitsa. Kutuluka kwa New Deal monga kuyankha ku Kukhumudwa Kwakukulu kwa zaka za m'ma 1930 ndi chitsanzo chimodzi, monga momwe Occupy Sandy adalimbikitsa posachedwapa ku New York City kuti athandize madera omwe anawonongedwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho mu 2012. lili ndi zitsanzo zochulukirachulukira za kuyesayesa kwaumunthu, pamodzi komwe kunathandiza pakagwa tsoka.

Masiku ano, pamene tikuyang'anizana ndi chiyembekezo chakuti mazana a zikwi za anthu ku United States - ndi mamiliyoni ambiri padziko lonse lapansi - akhoza kufa, njira yokhayo yomwe tingapewere zoopsa ndi chiwonongeko ndi kuyankha koteroko.

In zolemba zanga pa zamagulu a anthu, ndanena kuti zoyambitsa zimapanga malo omwe magulu a zionetsero angagwiritse ntchito kulimbikitsa demokalase ya m'munsi. Pambuyo pazochitika zotere, okonzekera kaŵirikaŵiri amadzipeza ali “mphindi ya kamvuluvulu,” mmene malamulo a mmene ndale amagwirira ntchito amatembenuzidwira pamutu pawo. Zambiri mwazinthu zazikulu zamagulu am'mbuyomu zidabadwa kuchokera munthawi izi. Koma nthawizi zimafuna kuyenda mwaluso, kutha kugwiritsa ntchito "kukwezeleza kwaulosi" kufalitsa masomphenya aumunthu, ndi chikhulupiriro chakuti kusonkhanitsa anthu ambiri kungatsegule njira zatsopano zosinthira zomwe, poyamba, zimawoneka zakutali komanso zosatheka.

Kuti tikonzekere kuyankha kwa anthu pa mliriwu, tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo watsopano womwe umalola kuti anthu achitepo kanthu komanso maphunziro olemekezeka kwa nthawi yayitali.

Magulu a anthu ndi njira yomwe anthu ambiri amatenga nawo mbali

Pakalipano, anthu ambiri akupanga ndondomeko zoyendetsera ntchito ndi zofuna za ndondomeko, kuyang'ana momwe boma liyenera kuchita kapena njira zomwe akuluakulu osankhidwa angadutse poyankha mwadzidzidzi. Izi zikuphatikiza mapulani a Bernie Sanders ndi Elizabeth Warren, Kuyitana kwa Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez kwadzidzidzi ndalama zonse zapadera, ndi malingaliro a magulu ngati Kugwira ntchito phwando, National Nurses United ndi zosonkhanitsira okonza apansi.

Chomwe chikusoweka ndi nsanja ndi masomphenya akutengapo mbali kwa anthu ambiri - njira yomwe anthu angagwirizane nawo ndi kutenga nawo mbali pagulu kuti apange mtundu wa kuyankha mwachilungamo komwe anthu amafunikira. Gulu lingathe kuthandizira, kukulitsa, ndi kudzaza mipata yosiyidwa ndi boma ndi chithandizo chamankhwala.

Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti pali zitsanzo zomveka bwino za mbiri yakale momwe magulu a anthu atha kulowa muvuto lamavuto.

Zachidziwikire, kusamvana komanso kudzipatula komwe kumafunikira kuti muchepetse kufalikira kwa mliriwu kumabweretsa zovuta zapadera. Chifukwa chimodzi n’chakuti anthu amalephera kusonkhana pamodzi mwakuthupi. Pakalipano, zida zambiri zachikhalidwe ndi njira zamagulu a anthu sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazochitika zamakono. Izi siziyenera, komabe, kutilepheretsa kuzinthu zomwe tingachite. Kuchokera pakuthandizirana m'madera akumidzi kupita ku mayankho amagulu otsutsa kuchokera kunyumba, tikhoza kumanga mayankho amphamvu a anthu omwe amatibweretsera pamodzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuyesetsa kwathu kuti tipereke chisamaliro m'madera athu ndikukonzanso malire a ndale zomwe zingatheke.

Kuyankha kwamagulu amagulu pazochitika zazikulu zoyambitsa nthawi zambiri kumachokera kumalo osayembekezereka. Mabungwe akuluakulu okhala ndi zomangamanga ali ndi zomangamanga ndi zinthu zomwe zimawoneka ngati zingawapangitse kukhala osankhidwa mwachilengedwe kuti asonkhanitse anthu ambiri kuti ayankhe. Komabe, amakumananso ndi zofooka zamabungwe zomwe zimawalepheretsa kukulitsa kuyesetsa kwawo kuthana ndi vuto lalikulu. Magulu ngati mabungwe ogwira ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhala otanganidwa ndi kuyankha momwe vutoli likukhudzira umembala wawo, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala malo ofunikira kwa anthu omwe ali m'magulu awo koma amawasiya opanda mphamvu yolumikizirana ndi anthu omwe sali mgulu lawo kapena kutenga mphamvu za ena. omwe angafune kutenga nawo mbali.

Pakadali pano, andale ndi mabungwe olimbikitsa otsogolera nthawi zambiri amangoyang'ana zambiri zamasewera amkati - kuyang'anira mosamala ndikuyesera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamkati kuti zikhudze mfundo zomwe zikukambidwa m'magawo am'deralo, m'boma ndi m'boma. Uwu ndi udindo wofunikira, koma sikutanthauza kutayika komwe kulipo polimbikitsa anthu ambiri kuti asinthe zomwe akuwona kuti ndizofunikira komanso njira zothetsera vutoli. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri imakhala yonyowa, yokhazikika komanso nthawi zina chisawawa magulu omwe amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri poyambitsa kuyankha kwamagulu a anthu - omwe mabungwe okhazikika amatha kubwerera kumbuyo akamayamba.

Anthu adayankhapo kale

Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti pali zitsanzo zomveka bwino za mbiri yakale momwe magulu a anthu atha kulowa m'malo opanda zovuta, ndipo taona zingapo mwa izi zaka khumi ndi theka zapitazi. Pambuyo pa mphepo yamkuntho Sandy ku East Coast mu 2012, ntchito yothandizirana Khalani Sandy - yomwe idatengera maukonde ndi zomangamanga zomwe zidamangidwa pa Occupy Wall Street - zidagwirizanitsa anthu masauzande ambiri kuti ayankhe mwachangu komanso moyenera, kupereka chakudya ndi chithandizo kwa omwe akufunika. Inatsegulanso malo osonkhanitsira ndi kugawira zinthu zofunika, kusunga anthu amene akanatha kukhala kwaokha ndi kuwasiyidwa, ndi kuchotsa zinyalala m’nyumba ndi m’misewu. Momwemonso, Common Ground - imodzi mwamabungwe ofunikira kwambiri kuti apange mwachangu ndikuyankha pambuyo pa mphepo yamkuntho ya Katrina ku New Orleans - adatumikira ena mwa anthu osauka kwambiri mumzindawu, adakhazikitsa zipatala zosakhalitsa ndikukonzanso nyumba zowonongeka. Panthawiyi, m'zaka zaposachedwapa, a DREAM movement, yomwe imagwira ntchito m'madera a anthu othawa kwawo omwe alibe zikalata, yapereka ntchito monga maphunziro, mwayi wa ntchito ndi chithandizo chalamulo kwa othawa kwawo omwe amakana ntchito kuchokera ku maboma ndi maboma.

Mamiliyoni a anthu omwe ali m'nyumba zawo amathabe kuchitapo kanthu panjira ziwiri: imodzi yoyang'anira kuthandizana pomwe winayo amalimbikitsa kukakamiza ndale papulatifomu ya zofuna za anthu.

Tikayang'ana m'mbuyo pa ngozi ina yazaumoyo, tikhoza kukumbukira kuti, panthawi ya vuto la Edzi m'zaka za m'ma 1980, gulu la LGBTQ linasonkhana kuti liyankhe pa matenda ndi imfa za anthu masauzande ambiri - monga momwe anthu adasankhira anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, ndipo mabungwe azachipatala nthawi zambiri amanyalanyaza kuvutika kwawo. Magulu monga Gay Men's Health Crisis ku New York City adakonza zoti anthu ammudzi apeze ndalama zofufuzira, kugawa zambiri za kupewa ndi chisamaliro, komanso kupereka uphungu ndi ogwira ntchito zothandiza anthu zikwizikwi omwe amafunikira. Panthaŵi imene madokotala ndi zipatala anali othedwa nzeru, osalabadira, kapena otsutsa, iwo anachitapo kanthu kuti atseke mpatawo ndi kukwaniritsa zofunika za anthu.

Pakadali pano, magulu ogwirizana a gulu lankhondo la ACT UP adagwira ntchito molimbika kuti adziwitse anthu zavutoli, akusonkhana pansi pa mutu wakuti "Kukhala chete Kumafanana ndi Imfa." Mwachangu adakhala akatswiri odziwa momwe matendawa adakhudzidwira - kukumana ndi atsogoleri omwe amafalitsa zabodza kapena amazengereza kupereka ndalama zokwanira pazaumoyo wa anthu, kuyitanitsa makampani opanga mankhwala kuti apindule kwambiri kuposa chithandizo chamunthu ndikuumirira kuti akatswiri azaumoyo. kukhala kukambirana ndi odwala okha. Pamapeto pake, bungwe la ACT UP lidasintha kwambiri momwe dziko likuyendera pa Edzi.

"Iwo adathandizira kusintha machitidwe azachipatala aku America," The New Yorker's Michael Specter analemba mu 2002. "Avereji ya nthawi yovomerezeka ya mankhwala ena ovuta inatsika kuchokera pa zaka khumi kufika pa chaka, ndipo khalidwe la kuyesa koyendetsedwa ndi placebo linasinthidwa bwino ... Posakhalitsa kusintha kwa momwe mankhwala a Edzi adavomerezedwera ku matenda ena. , kuyambira ku khansa ya m’mawere mpaka ku Alzheimer’s.” Mu 1990, a New York Times anayamikira gululo monyinyirika ndi mutu wankhani wakuti, “Mwano, Mopupuluma, Wogwira Ntchito, Wosintha Mayendetsedwe A AIDS Policy.”

Pothana ndi mliri wapano wa coronavirus, chinthu chokhacho chomwe anthu ambiri apatsidwa kuti achite ndikutenga nawo gawo pazachiyanjano ndikulowa nawo njira zodzitetezera kuti achepetse kufalikira kwa matenda. Koma ngati anthu akukhulupiriradi kuti atha kutenga nawo mbali mokwanira pantchito yosamalira ena ndikukakamiza akuluakulu aboma kutsatira mfundo zamwadzidzidzi, titha kukhala ndi chidaliro kuti anthu masauzande ambiri adzalowa nawo mwachangu.

Momwe zingakhalire

Ngati tikudziwa kuti tikufunika kuyankha pagulu la anthu ambiri, timapanga bwanji kuti zichitike - makamaka munthawi yakusamvana?

Anthu mamiliyoni ambiri atsekeredwa m’nyumba zawo, akulephera kupita kuntchito. Koma athabe kuchitapo kanthu panjira ziwiri: imodzi yoyang'ana pakuthandizirana pomwe ina ikulimbikitsa kukakamiza ndale papulatifomu ya zofuna za anthu.

A Paul Engler ndi director of the Center for the Working Poor ku Los Angeles, director of the movement Ayni Institute, ndi wolemba nawo, ndi Mark Engler, wa "Ichi Ndi Chiwawa. "

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