Kunyanyala kwachakudya chofulumira kudafika dzulo, pomwe okonza akuyerekeza kuti masitolo ndi malo odyera pafupifupi 1,000 m'mizinda 58 akhudzidwa ndi ogwira ntchito kusiya ntchito.
Kuphatikiza pakukula m'mizinda yomwe idawonapo ziwonetsero zambiri m'mbuyomu, monga New York City, Chicago ndi Detroit, ziwonetserozi zidalowa m'malo omwe sanatchulidwepo, kuphatikiza Raleigh, NC, Wilmington, Del., Missoula, Mont. ndi mizinda ina yambiri.
"Ndikuvutikira," adatero Terrance Aranda, wogwira ntchito ku CVS, yemwe amatola kunja kwa sitolo yake mumzinda wa Chicago Lachinayi m'mawa. "Ndili ndi ana awiri, ndimapita kusukulu NDIPO ndimagwira ntchito. Ndikulimbana. ... ndinalibe chakudya m'moyo wanga. pita pakali pano."
Kwa omenyera ku Chicago, omwe ambiri mwa iwo adasiya ntchito katatu chaka chino, kukumana ndi oyang'anira ndikuwadziwitsa za chisankho chomenya sikusokoneza kwambiri kuposa kale.
Strikers adakwera mpaka kwa manejala wa Walgreens wapakati ndipo, popanda kuphethira, adapereka kalata yofotokoza kuti akutuluka; pa Bedi, Bath ndi Beyond in the Loop, ogwira ntchito anayenda mozungulira sitolo kulimbikitsa ogwira nawo ntchito kuti azimenya nawo, akuwoneka kuti alibe chidwi ndi zomwe woyang'anira woyang'anira ankaganiza.
Ogwira ntchito aku McDonald adalumikizana dzulo m'mawa ndi Rep. Jan Schakowsky (D-Ill.), Yemwe adalowa mumzinda wa McDonald's. kutsagana ndi omenya ndi Hamburglar. Pambuyo pake, pamsonkhano ndi antchito ndi othandizira, Schakowsky adati, "Mukapambana nkhondoyi, $ 15 ndi mgwirizano, America nayonso idzapambana."
Kusintha kwa nyanja…
Chiyambire kunyanyala koyamba kotereku mu mzinda wa New York chaka chatha, kufutukuka kwa ntchito za malipiro ochepa ndi kutsika kotsatizana ndi kutsika kwa ntchito zamabungwe olipidwa bwino zakhala nkhani yaikulu m’zoulutsira nkhani ndi m’makwalala.
Major Nyuzipepala ndi Magalimoto ndi kukambirana kukokoloka kwa ntchito yolipira moyo, pomwe okayikira wamba amakonda Neil Cavuto wa Fox News ndi masamba amalingaliro a Wall Street Journal fotokozani mfundo zamabizinesi kuti antchito asangalale kulembedwa ntchito. (Chidutswa cha Cavuto chili ndi mzere wakuti, "Kodi ndinakuuzanipo ndili mwana, mumayamikira ntchito iliyonse yomwe mungapeze?") Monga Occupy Wall Street zaka ziwiri zapitazo, ziwonetserozi zawonetsa kusiyana kwakukulu komwe kulipo pakati pa anthu. Chuma cha America chazaka za zana la 21. Ndipo maukwati akhala ofunika kwambiri pa zokambiranazi m'njira yomwe sinawonekere kwa zaka zambiri.
Kunyanyalako kukuwonekanso kuti ndikololedwa kusiya ntchito ngati njira kwa ogwira ntchito, ngakhale omwe alibe mgwirizano (ndizotheka takambirana kwa Otsutsa koyambirira kwa chaka chino). Pa Lolemba, Oyendetsa magalimoto amtundu wa Green Fleet System nawonso adasiya ntchito kwa maola 24 ku Los Angeles mu kunyanyala ntchito mopanda chilungamo. Mosiyana ndi ogwira ntchito zazakudya zofulumira, oyendetsa magalimotowa akufuna kuzindikirika ndi mabungwe posachedwa, ndipo adachitapo kanthu poyankha zomwe akuti akugwiriridwa ndi oyang'anira. Koma njirayi ikuwoneka yolimbikitsidwa ndi omenyera zakudya mwachangu ndipo atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito ena kuti akhumudwitse mtsogolo.
Kuonjezera apo, anthu ena ogwira ntchito zachakudya komanso ogulitsa malonda apeza phindu lowoneka bwino chifukwa cha kunyanyala kwawo. Andrew Little wakhala akugwira ntchito m'chipinda chosungiramo katundu ku Victoria's Secret pa Chicago's Magnificent Mile kwa zaka ziwiri. Atamenya koyambirira kwa chaka chino, nthawi yomweyo adamukweza $2.26 ndi oyang'anira sitolo.
Zochepa ndizotsimikizika kuti ziwirizi zikugwirizana. Iye anati: “Tinapambana izi chifukwa chomenya.
Momwemonso, malinga ndi wowomberayo komanso wogwira ntchito ku Chicago Whole Foods, a Trish Kahle, ogwira ntchito m'masitolo angapo a Whole Foods adalandira ndalama zambiri atagwira ntchito, ndipo oyang'anira asiya kutsatira njira yotengera mfundo zomwe zimatsutsidwa ndi antchito. Ndipo ogwira ntchito ku Manhattan McDonald's ndi Chicago Dunkin' Donuts atagunda mwadzidzidzi mwezi watha, adalandira zoziziritsa kukhosi m'masitolo awo.
...kapena kampeni ya PR?
Koma pamene ogwira ntchito m’zakudya ndi m’mashopu akupitilira kunyanyala ntchito, mbali zina za ndawalayi, zomwe zimathandizidwa ndi bungwe la Service Employees International Union (SEIU), zadzudzulidwa. Kulembera kwa wotsatila pambuyo pa chiwopsezo chomaliza cha chakudya chofulumira mwezi wapitawo, Jarrod Shanahan adadzudzula kampeniyi kuti ndi yachitukuko cha PR kuposa kulinganiza kwenikweni:
Vuto nlakuti, chisonkhezero chamgwirizano chachipambano chimachokera kwa antchito iwo eni. Ndipo pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa kayendetsedwe ka mgwirizano ndi kampeni yolumikizana ndi anthu, zomwe FFF ikuphatikiza ogwira ntchito olimba mtimawa.
Pamgwirizano wa mgwirizano, mabwana sayenera kudziwa kuti zikuyenda, kapena amene akukonza, mpaka aliyense m'sitoloyo atakhala ndi msana. Mwanjira imeneyo ngati pali mayendedwe oti awathamangitse, aliyense amamenya. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, Gregory Reyonoso, mneneri wa Fast Food Forward, anachotsedwa ntchito ku Brooklyn Domino yake chifukwa chokhudzidwa. Wokonza zachilengedwe, Reyonoso tsopano ndi wotchuka kwambiri kotero kuti ndizokayikitsa kuti adzakhalanso pafupi ndi khitchini posachedwa. Ndipo apa ndipamene maulumikizi awa ayenera kuchitika ngati akufuna kuchita bwino, osati pamsonkhano wa atolankhani. Zinganenedwe kuti zitha kungokhala chifukwa cholengeza kuti kampeni yamgwirizano idzapambana pazakudya zofulumira, koma SEIU ndi NYCC sikuuza antchito kuti akuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Kuchotsedwa kumeneku sikutengera phindu lenileni lomwe ogwira ntchito apeza chifukwa chonyanyala ntchito. Koma zikhoza kusonyeza pang'ono maganizo apamwamba. Mu a kuyankhulana ndi Mu Nthawi Zino Wothandizira Josh Eidelson kwa okonzera koyambirira kwa mwezi uno, wothandizira wa SEIU kwa Purezidenti Scott Courtney adati, "Nkhaniyi ndi yodziyimira yokha," asanazindikire mwachangu kuti zochita za ogwira ntchito ndizothandiza. Mawu ake oyambilira atha kuwonedwa ngati kuvomereza mwachibwanabwana kuti malingaliro a kampeni pa mphamvu zake agona makamaka pakutha kuyendetsa nkhani zapa media zokhuza ntchito ya malipiro ochepa, m'malo momanga mwachindunji mphamvu za ogwira ntchito pantchitoyo.
Purezidenti wa SEIU, Mary Kay Henry, adauzanso Eidelson kuti mosiyana ndi zoyesayesa zambiri zamabungwe, cholinga cha ndawalayi ndi "zambiri zakuti, 'Kodi timasintha bwanji zinthu pachuma chonse cholandira malipiro ochepa?' "Zikuwonekeratu kuti, monga momwe zinalili ndi kampeni ya SEIU's Fight for a Fair Economy pa nthawi ya Occupy Wall Street, mgwirizanowu ukuwona kusintha kwa nkhani zapagulu zokhudzana ndi ntchito zotsika mtengo ngati cholinga chachikulu cha kampeni - osati, monga momwe ambiri amachitira. misonkhano yamagulu, kukonza antchito ndikukulitsa mphamvu zawo zomenyera mgwirizano wamphamvu pa nthawi yayitali.
Zowonadi, kutengera lipoti lochokera kwa munthu wosadziwika yemwe analipo pamsonkhano wa SEIU ndi ogwirizana nawo (komanso ndi chitsimikiziro cha Courtney ndi Henry), Eidelson adanenanso kuti zokambirana zamkati mozungulira kumapeto kwa kampeni zayang'ana pa zochitika ziwiri:
Choyamba, kuwonjezereka kwa chitsenderezo pamakampani ogulitsa zakudya zofulumira-McDonald's, Burger King ndi Wendy's, makamaka-ndi cholinga chofikira mgwirizano womwe mabungwe amalipira ndalama zowongola ntchito m'masitolo awo. Ndipo chachiwiri, kukakamiza malamulo kuti akhazikitse malamulo amalipiro am'deralo omwe amafuna kulipidwa bwino kwa ogwira ntchito yazakudya mwachangu. Chifukwa mizinda yambiri ilibe mphamvu zolamula kuti alandire malipiro apamwamba pantchito zomwe sizikuperekedwa pagulu, kukakamiza kumeneku kungaphatikizepo njira zovota mdziko lonse mu 2014 kuti mizinda iwonjezere malipiro a ogwira ntchito m'mabungwe apadera.
Zochita zam'mbuyomu za SEIU ndi mabungwe m'mafakitale monga azachipatala, makamaka omwe analipo pansi pa Purezidenti wakale Andy Stern, adatsutsidwa ndi ena mgulu la ogwira ntchito, monga. Mu Nthawi Zino Wothandizira Steve Early ndi wogwira ntchito wakale wa SEIU Jane McAlevey. Mu posachedwapa mabuku, otsutsa onse adzudzula mgwirizanowu kuti umakhala womasuka kwambiri ndi mabungwe komanso ofunitsitsa kukambirana ndi makampani chifukwa chofuna kukulitsa mamembala amgwirizano. Mu 2007, mwachitsanzo, utsogoleri wa SEIU Local 775NW ku Seattle adakambirana zachinsinsi ndi oyang'anira nyumba zosungirako anthu okalamba pokonza nyumba zina zosungirako okalamba ndikusiya ena osachita nawo. The Seattle Times inanena kuti mgwirizanowu udaphatikizanso kuvomereza kwa oyang'anira, "Monga gawo la mgwirizano wazaka 10, SEIU Local 775 idalonjeza kuti sidzanyanyala ntchito ndipo ivomereza kulola ogwira ntchito ku nyumba zosungirako anthu okalamba - osati mabungwe kapena antchito - kusankha nyumba zomwe zingaperekedwe kuti zikonzekere. Bungweli linagwirizananso kuti lisayese kulinganiza nyumba zopitirira theka la nyumba zosagwirizana ndi kampani inayake.”
Kwa ogwira ntchito zazakudya mwachangu, komabe, mgwirizano woterewu ndi makampani ukhoza kukhala njira yolunjika kwambiri yosinthira makampani. Malo odyera zakudya zofulumira nthawi zambiri amakhala a ogulitsa, omwe ubale wawo ndi mabungwe omwe amawalera ungathe kuthetsedwa ngati ogwira ntchito atenga gawo lovota mumgwirizano - kusiya mapangano amakampani kapena malamulo amtawuni monga momwe amayembekezera antchito.
Mkwiyo wa malipiro ochepa
Panthawiyi, komabe, monga Henry ndi Courtney akufotokozera momveka bwino, zokambirana zilizonse zokhudzana ndi makampani ogulitsa zakudya zachangu ndizongopeka. Ndipo Ruth Milkman, pulofesa wa zachikhalidwe cha anthu komanso mkulu wa bungwe la Murphy Labor Institute pa City University of New York, akuti mbali yamphamvu yotsatiridwa ndi atolankhani ya kampeniyi siyenera kuchotseratu phindu lomwe ogwira ntchito angapange—kapena mfundo yosavuta koma yofunika antchito amalipiro akuimirira.
"Ngakhale pali chinthu chothandizira pa kampeni iyi, ndichoposa pamenepo," akutero Milkman. "Kugwirizana kumakhalabe cholinga chakutali, koma pali chiyembekezo chakusintha kwamalipiro ndi mikhalidwe ya ogwira ntchito yofulumira. Ndipo kulimbikitsa chilimbikitso m'njira yokulirakulira kuchokera kwa ogwira ntchito mwachangu komanso anthu ambiri kungathandize pakuchita izi. ”
Ndipo monga aliyense amene wachita nawo ziwonetserozi ndikulankhula ndi womenya angatsimikizire, kampeni ya Fight for 15 yadzetsa mkwiyo pakati pa ogwira ntchito yocheperako chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwawo m'magulu aku America.
"Iwe utsike kuchokera ku ofesiyo ndikugwira ntchito pansi ndi ine," Andrew Little anakuwa kudzera m'nyanga ya bullhorn yomwe inaloza kuntchito kwake ku Victoria's Secret, kulongosola mawu ake kwa oyang'anira.
Pofotokoza za zenera lapafupi anati adakhazikitsa kuwerenga "Moyo Ndi Wabwino Kwambiri," adakuwa, "Moyo ndiwabwino kwa ine!"
Micah Uetricht ndi Mu Nthawi Zino kuthandizira mkonzi. Iye walembera okonzera, Nation, Chiyembekezo cha America, JacobinNdipo Chicago Reader. Chofunika kwambiri, iyenso ndi wonyada wakale Mu Nthawi Zino mkonzi wa intern. Tsatirani iye pa Twitter @micahuetricht kapena mulankhule naye pa micah.uetricht [pa] gmail.
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