Lamulo la Military Commissions Act la 2006 lomwe limayang'anira chithandizo cha omangidwa ndikumapeto kwa mantha osalekeza ndi olamulira a Bush kuyambira zigawenga za Seputembara 11.
Chifukwa biluyo idalandiridwa ndi liwiro la mphezi, palibe amene adazindikira kuti imapatsa Bush mphamvu kuti angolengeza osati alendo okha, komanso nzika zaku US, "ankhondo osaloledwa ndi adani."
Bush & Co. awonetsa biliyo ngati njira yovuta yothana ndi alendo kuti atiteteze ku uchigawenga.
Pochita mantha kuti ataya ambiri mu Congress mu zisankho za Novembala, ma Republican adakweza biluyo kudzera ku Congress popanda mkangano waukulu.
Aliyense amene amapereka ndalama ku bungwe lachifundo lomwe limakhala pamndandanda wa Bush wa mabungwe "achigawenga", kapena amene amatsutsana ndi ndondomeko za boma akhoza kutchedwa "mdani wosaloledwa" ndikutsekeredwa m'ndende mpaka kalekale. Izi zikuphatikiza nzika zaku America.
Biluyo imalandanso ufulu wa habeas corpus kwa alendo omwe ali m'ndende omwe adziwika kuti ndi adani.
Congress ili ndi mphamvu zovomerezeka kuyimitsa habeas corpus panthawi yachigawenga kapena kuwukira. Zomwe zili mu bilu yatsopanoyi ndi zosemphana ndi malamulo ndipo Khothi Lalikulu likhoza kunena choncho nkhani ikadzafika.
Ngakhale kuti ndi lobisika kwambiri, lamuloli likutsatira malamulo ena opondereza mopanda chifukwa. Mโnthaลตi zankhondo ndi zovuta zadziko, boma limayangโana anthu ochoka mโdzikolo ndi otsutsa.
Mu 1798, bungwe la Federalist-led Congress, lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito mantha a nkhondo, linapereka Machitidwe anayi a Alien ndi Sedition kuti athetse kusagwirizana ndi ndale za Federalist Party. The Naturalization Act idakulitsa nthawi yofunikira kuti osamukira kumayiko ena azikhala ku U.S.
chifukwa anthu ambiri ochokera kumayiko ena amamvera chisoni a Republican.
Lamulo la Alien Enemies Act linapereka kumangidwa, kutsekeredwa ndi kuthamangitsidwa kwa nzika zachimuna zamtundu uliwonse wakunja pankhondo ndi United States. Ambiri mwa nzika zaku France za 25,000 zomwe zikukhala ku US zikadathamangitsidwa ngati France ndi America zidapita kunkhondo, koma lamuloli silinagwiritsidwe ntchito. Bungwe la Alien Friends Act linavomereza kuthamangitsidwa kwa munthu aliyense amene si nzika yokayikiridwa kuti akuika pangozi chitetezo cha boma la U.S. lamulolo linatha zaka ziwiri zokha ndipo palibe amene anathamangitsidwa pansi pa ilo.
Lamulo la Kuukira boma linapereka chilango kwa munthu aliyense amene analemba, kusindikiza, kufalitsa, kapena kulankhula chilichonse โchabodza, chochititsa manyazi komanso choipaโ nโcholinga chofuna kunyozetsa kapena kunyozetsa boma. A Federalists adanena kuti kunali koyenera kupondereza kutsutsidwa kwa boma panthawi yankhondo. A Republican adatsutsa kuti Sedition Act idaphwanya Chisinthiko Choyamba, chomwe chidakhala gawo la Constitution zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri m'mbuyomo. Wogwiritsidwa ntchito motsutsana ndi a Republican okha, Sedition Act idagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbana ndi a congressmen ndi olemba nyuzipepala omwe adadzudzula Purezidenti John Adams.
Zitsanzo zotsatila za malamulo operekedwa ndi zochita zomwe zinachitidwa chifukwa cha mantha panthawi ya nkhanza za xenophobia ndi Espionage Act ya 1917, Sedition Act ya 1918, Red Scare pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yadziko I, kutsekeredwa mokakamiza kwa anthu a fuko la Japan pa Dziko Lonse. War II, ndi Alien Registration Act ya 1940 (the Smith Act).
Mโnthawi ya a McCarthy mโzaka za mโma 1950, pofuna kuthetsa chiwopsezo cha chikomyunizimu, boma linachita kuyendera mosavomerezeka mwalamulo pofuna kuopseza ndi kuletsa aliyense amene anali ndi maganizo olakwika pa ndale. Anthu ambiri anatsekeredwa mโndende, kulembedwa mโndandanda wa anthu osaloledwa ndipo anachotsedwa ntchito. Miyoyo ya anthu masauzande ambiri inasokonekera pamene a FBI ankagwira ntchito ya โkupha anthu.โ
Patangotha โโmwezi umodzi kuchokera pamene zigawenga zinaukira boma pa September 11, 2001, Loya Wamkulu wa ku United States, dzina lake John Ashcroft, anathamangitsa bungwe la U.S.A. Patriot Act kudzera mโbungwe lamantha.
The Patriot Act idapanga chigawenga chauchigawenga chomwe chimalimbana ndi omenyera ndale omwe amatsutsa mfundo za boma, ndikuyika mayeso olowera ku United States.
Mu 1944, Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri linavomereza kuti kumangidwa kwa nzika za Japan ndi Japan ndi America nโzovomerezeka pa mlandu wa Korematsu v. United States. Woweruza milandu Robert Jackson anachenjeza mโkutsutsa kwake kuti chigamulochi โchidzagona ngati chida chodzadza chokonzekera dzanja laulamuliro uliwonse chimene chingabweretse chigamulo chotsimikizirika chakufunika kwachangu.โ
Tsikulo labwera ndi Lamulo la Military Commissions Act la 2006. Limapereka maziko kwa Purezidenti kuti asonkhanitse alendo komanso nzika zaku US zomwe atsimikiza kuti zapereka chithandizo chakuthupi kwa zigawenga. Kellogg Brown & Root, wothandizidwa ndi Cheney's Halliburton, akumanga malo akulu pamalo osadziwika kuti asunge masauzande ambiri osafunikira.
Mโchigamulo chake cha mu 1928 pa mlandu wa Olmstead v. United States, Woweruza Louis Brandeis anachenjeza kuti: โNgozi zazikulu zaufulu zili mโkuloลตerera mobisa kwa anthu achangu, atanthauzo abwino koma osamvetsetsa.โ Zaka XNUMX pambuyo pake, mneneri wakale wa White House, Ari Fleischer, polankhula mโmalo mwa Purezidenti wachangu, anachenjeza anthu a ku Amereka โayenera kupenyerera zimene akunena, kupenyerera zimene akuchita.โ
Titha kuyembekezera Bush kuti apitirize kugwiritsa ntchito 9/11 kuti atilande ufulu wathu. Ufulu wathu walamulo wotsutsana ndi lamulo uli pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Chenjezo lanzeru la Benjamin Franklin liyenera kutipatsa kaye kaye kuti: โAwo amene angasiye ufulu wofunikira kaamba ka chisungiko chakanthaลตi, sakuyenera kukhala ufulu kapena chisungiko.โ
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Marjorie Cohn, pulofesa ku Thomas Jefferson School of Law, ndi pulezidenti wosankhidwa wa National Lawyers Guild, ndi woimira US ku komiti yaikulu ya American Association of Jurists. Buku lake latsopano, Cowboy Republic: Six Ways the Bush Gang Has Defied the Law, lisindikizidwa mu 2007 ndi PoliPointPress.
ZNetwork imalandira ndalama kudzera mu kuwolowa manja kwa owerenga ake.
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