"About Face: Military Resisters Turn Against War," ndi buku lomwe liyenera kuikidwa patebulo m'chipinda chilichonse chodyera kusukulu yasekondale, pafupi ndi miimba. Pepani, ndikutanthauza okankhira nkhondo. Pepani, ndikutanthauza olemba bwino ntchito za opindula pa imfa. Pepani, mukudziwa anthu omwe ndikutanthauza. Ndiko kuti, pokhapokha ngati mabuku othandiza angapange m'makalasi, zomwe zingakhale zabwinoko.
Ambiri a GI kukana ku Vietnam, bukuli likunena kuti, adachokera kwa iwo omwe adalembetsa mofunitsitsa, osati kuchokera kwa omwe adalembetsa. Nthawi zambiri ndi omwe amakhulupirira hype, omwe akuyesera kuti apindule dziko lapansi popita kunkhondo, omwe amapeza kuti akufuna kupindulitsa dziko lapansi pamene khungu lawo lachotsedwa ndipo awona kuti nkhondo ndi chiyani komanso nkhondo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. .
"About Face" imasonkhanitsa nkhani za kukana kwaposachedwa mkati mwa gulu lankhondo "lodzipereka" la US. Awa ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi ntchito zochepa zomwe amasankha "ntchito" yankhondo koma amazindikira kuti si ntchito. Onse ali ndi nkhani, zambiri zomwe zikuwonetsa nthawi zina za kutembenuka. Zowona nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta komanso zapang'onopang'ono, koma nkhanizo zimamveketsa mfundoyo.
Benji Lewis anali Marine ku Iraq. Pambuyo pa "maulendo" awiri adalingalira zinthu zomwe zidachitika paulendo wake woyamba, kuphatikiza izi:
"Iwo anali kuwombera mayi uyu yemwe anali kupita kumalo athu akugwedeza manja ake ndikupempha thandizo m'Chiarabu. Choncho ndinayandikira pafupi ndikuyankhula naye, ndipo nkhope yake inkawoneka ngati imfa. Zinali zoonekeratu kuti wakhala akulira kwa nthawi ndithu, ndinakhala ngati ndinamva nkhani yoti anali ndi banja. Masiku atatu apitawo, banja lake lonse, ana ake, anali atakwiriridwa kwambiri ndi zibwibwi za nyumba yawo, ndipo anali kupempha thandizo. timamuthandiza?' Anati ndimuuze kuti apite ku siteshoni ya chithandizo ya Red Cross, yomwe inali pamtunda wa makilomita ochepa. Zinandikhumudwitsa pambuyo pake kuti ine pokhala wowombera mfuti pa gawo la matope, panali mwayi woti ine ndi amene ndinamuika panyumba pake. "
Lewis anakana kulamula kuti akumbukire Individual Ready Reserve ndipo adatulutsidwa popanda zilango. Ngakhale kuti ena otsutsa amalangidwa, izi sizikuwoneka ngati zachizolowezi. Nthawi zambiri kukana kumatenga mawonekedwe a AWOL, ndipo nthawi zina pambuyo pake kudzipereka. Andre Shepherd adafunafuna othawa kwawo ku Germany:
"Ndinapanga chisankho mkati mwa milungu iwiri kuti ndiyenera kusiya ntchitoyo m'malo modzipha kapena kupha munthu wina pankhondo yozikidwa pa mabodza ambiri."
Otsutsa ena sakhulupirira kuti akuyenera kupempha kukana kulowa usilikali chifukwa cha chikumbumtima, chifukwa zimafuna kutsutsa nkhondo zonse. Popeza awona mabodza ndi zoopsa za nkhondo imodzi, amalingalirabe kuti nkhondo ina ingakhale lingaliro labwino. Anthu amene amapempha kuti akhale okana usilikali chifukwa cha zimene amakhulupirira, salandira nthawi zonse, koma ambiri amatero. Hart Viges adalowa nawo mu 2001, Gung ho kunkhondo ya terra. Patapita zaka zitatu, anatulutsidwa mโndende chifukwa chokana kulowa usilikali chifukwa cha zimene amakhulupirira. Iye anati: โNdimadana ndi nkhondo zonse. "Aliyense akatenga chida chomenyera mchimwene kapena mlongo wake mwankhanza, ndimatsutsana nacho ndipo sindichirikiza. Pomaliza ndapeza ndewu yanga, ndewu yanga yabwino. Ndi njira yomwe ndimakhala womasuka nayo, womasuka ndi ine ndekha. kuposa momwe ndakhalira m'moyo wanga wonse." Kunena zowona zankhondo kumakhala chithandizo chabwino kwa omenyera nkhondo komanso gulu lathu lonse.
Koma nkhanizo ziyenera kutengedwa pang'ono. Kuwerenga mabukuwa popanda kupuma kungakupangitseni kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake nthawi zina alangizi amamva nkhani za asilikali onse omwe amatha kutaya maganizo awo. "About Face" imadziwitsa anthu omwe atha kulembedwa ntchito komanso omwe alembedwa kale kuti ali ndi zosankha, komanso kudziwitsa anthu olimbikitsa mtendere komwe kuli achinyamata: ali m'gulu lankhondo. Mabuku ndi makanema ena ambiri atha kuwonjezera zenizeni zomwe ziyenera kufotokozedwa ku chikhalidwe chomwe chikuwona nkhondo ngati masewera opanda vuto. Mwinanso gulu lamphamvu kwambiri lankhani zankhondo zakale zomwe ndidawerengapo ndi "Gahena Wamagazi" lolemba Dan Hallock. Awa ndi malingaliro osayesedwa a zomwe zingakuchitikireni ngati mungatero musatero kukana.
โGahena Wamwaziโ amatisonyeza anthu opanda pokhala, amuna openga ndi maloto oopsa, mโndende, otsala pangโono kuphedwa, kuledzera, kulira, kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kukuwa, kudzipha, ndi olephera kudziletsa kuvulaza amene amawakonda. Msilikali wina wakale waku Vietnam yemwe amadziwika kuti Lee adakwatirana ndipo anali ndi kamtsikana kakang'ono ndi mkazi waku Vietnam pomwe adakhala ku Vietnam panthawi yankhondo. Mkazi ndi mwana wamkazi ameneyo, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndi zomwe zidamupititsa ku gehena yemwe anali gawo lake, kupha ndi kufa mozungulira iye. Koma Asilikali adakana kuvomerezeka kwaukwati wake ndipo adawonetsa kuti ayenera kusiya mkazi wake ndi mwana wake wamkazi kumbuyo kapena kuthawa:
"Ine ndi Chi tinakumana komaliza ndisanati ndichoke. Tonse tinalira m'maso. Zinali zopweteka kwambiri, zowawa kwambiri. Tinanjenjemera m'manja mwa wina ndi mzake. Ndinamusiya ndikubwerera ku unit yanga. adanditumizira kalata yoti tikakumane pa thanthwe pamwamba pa nyanja ya South China, malo okongola kwambiri omwe tidapitako kwambiri, ndidapita mawa ndikunyamuka ndiye ndiyenera kumuona lero, ndidatenga jeep ya officer ndipo adakwera mpaka kuthanthwe kuja anali akudikirira kulira sitinayankhulane tidangogwirana wina ndi mzake Le ali pakati pathu tinalira kwambiri ndinalowetsa mthumba ndikutulutsa pistol yanga ndikuyiyika. Mutu wa Chi ndikukoka chowombera. Panali splatter - ndiye magazi ake adatuluka - ponse pa ine. Ndinamugwira mwamphamvu - Le akulirabe pakati pathu. Ndinagunda dziko lapansi molimba momwe ndikanathera - ndinakuwa mpaka ndinasowa mawu, ndinalibe kanthu mkati mwanga pamene ndimabwerera. imfa zomwe ndili nazo. Kubwerera ku hooch palibe amene anandiuza mawu. Ndinalowamo ndili ndi magazi ndipo ndinkawoneka woipa kwambiri - palibe amene ananena mawu."
Lee akusimba za moyo wake ku United States monga msilikali wakale, ndi mkazi watsopano, ndi mwana watsopano. Mutha kulingalira. Koma muyenera kuwerenga. Aliyense ayenera. Makamaka aliyense yemwe ali ndi zaka 17 osati mwana wa bilionea.
Kuwombera Mbali Yanu Yekha
Nkhani za asilikali ankhondo nthawi zambiri zimasonyeza nkhondo mosiyana ndi zimene wailesi yakanema amatiuza. Drones sangalankhule, koma ankhondo aumunthu amatiuza momwe kuwukira kwa 2003 ku Iraq kunayambira, momwe chochitika cha Gulf of Tonkin sichinachitike, komanso momwe mabanja osawerengeka adaphedwa m'malo momasulidwa. "Gahena Wamagazi" akuphatikizanso nkhani yochokera kwa msilikali wina wakale dzina lake Doug pa kuukira kwa US ku Panama mu 1989. Ndidadziwa kuti mapulani ankhondo adakhalapo miyezi ingapo isanachitike zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zitsimikizire "kulowererapo" kwa wolamulira wankhanza wa nthawi yayitali aku US, Manuel Noriega. Asilikali ena a ku Panama omwe anali zidakwa anamenya mkulu wa asilikali apamadzi a ku United States ndi kuopseza mkazi wake. Koma mverani nkhani iyi yochokera kwa Doug:
"Ku Fort Bragg ndinalamulidwa kupita kukamenyana ndi gulu la anthu omwe sindinali kuwalota - asilikali athu omwe. Ndinasonkhanitsidwa pamodzi ndi Michael ndi amuna ena anayi omwe sindinakumanepo nawo. Tinali m'gulu la asilikali ochepa chabe. mu Asitikali aku US panthawiyo omwe anali ndi chidziwitso chakumenya nkhondo, ndi kupha kotsimikizika; tinalinso opambana kwambiri.Kuganiza ku Pentagon kunali kuti kuti asitikali ayimitse ku Panama kuti amenyane, adayenera kukhala ndi zifukwa zabwino kwambiri. Tikunena pano za asilikali amene sanakumanepo ndi nkhondo, ndipo njira yabwino kwambiri yowakwiyitsira ndi kuwaukira.โ Michael atafunsa zimene amuna ena anayi aja anali kuchita, tinauzidwa kuti sanali mโgulu lathu. Mwaona, asilikali a ku America, makamaka asilikali oyenda pansi amakangamirana.Ngati mmodzi wa iwo alowa m'mavuto m'malo ogulitsa mowa - ndikutanthauza ndewu - enawo samachoka, amalowa nawo.Simumenya nawo m'modzi. mwa iwo, inu mumamenyana nawo onse.โ Kuphunzitsidwa kwawo kwawaphunzitsa kukhala gulu, amadalirana wina ndi mzake, ndipo zilibe kanthu kaya ndi mkangano waku barroom kapena ayi. Amadalirana kuti akafike kwawo. Ndiye ndi njira yabwino iti yopezera onsewo ntchito kuposa kuwawombera mphika? Tinauzidwa kuti tikachita zimenezi tidzapulumutsa miyoyo. Kwa milungu ingapo kusanachitike kuukira kwa Panama, ine ndi Michael tinkawombera asilikali usiku.
Pali zolakwika.
Ndiyeno pali Asilikali olakwika.
Mabuku a David Swanson akuphatikizapo "Nkhondo Ndi Bodza." Amalemba mabulogu ku http://davidswanson.org ndi http://warisacrime.org ndipo amagwira ntchito monga Wothandizira Pulogalamu ya gulu lothandizira pa intaneti http://rootsaction.org. Iye amakonzekera Talk Nation Radio. Tsatirani pa Twitter: @davidcnswansonndi FaceBook.
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