Ngati matenda atha kuphunzitsa nzeru zopitirira zomwe timamvetsetsa za momwe moyo ulili wovuta komanso wamtengo wapatali, coronavirus yapereka maphunziro awiri.
Choyamba ndi chakuti m'dziko ladziko lapansi moyo wathu umakhala wolumikizana kwambiri kotero kuti lingaliro lodziona tokha ngati zilumba - kaya ngati anthu, midzi, mayiko, kapena zamoyo zapadera - ziyenera kumveka ngati umboni wa chidziwitso chabodza. Kunena zowona, nthaลตi zonse tinali omangika pamodzi, mbali ya ukonde wozizwitsa wa zamoyo papulaneti lathu, ndipo, kupitirira pamenepo, tinkachita nyenyezi mโchilengedwe chachikulu ndi chocholoลตana kwambiri.
Kuli kokha kudzikuza komwe kunakulitsidwa mwa ife ndi anthu ankhanzawo amene akwera kulamulira mwa kudzikuza kwawo kowononga kumene kunatichititsa khungu ku kusakanizikana kofunikira kwa kudzichepetsa ndi mantha amene tiyenera kumva pamene tikuonera dontho la mvula patsamba, kapena mwana. zimavutikira kukwawa, kapena thambo lausiku limawululidwa ndi ulemerero wake wonse kutali ndi magetsi a mzinda.
Ndipo tsopano, tikamayamba kulowa nthawi yodzipatula komanso kudzipatula - monga mayiko, madera komanso anthu pawokha - zonse ziyenera kukhala zomveka bwino. Zatengera kachilombo kutiwonetsa kuti tonse pamodzi ndife omwe tili amphamvu kwambiri, amoyo komanso anthu ambiri.
Polandidwa zomwe timafunikira kwambiri chifukwa chowopseza kuti zitha kupatsirana, timakumbutsidwa za kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe tawachitira mopepuka, kuwazunza, kuwasokoneza. Tili ndi mantha chifukwa ntchito zomwe timafunikira panthawi yamavuto ndi zowawa zasinthidwa kukhala zinthu zomwe zimafunikira kulipira, kapena kuwonedwa ngati mwayi womwe mwayi wofikirako tsopano wayesedwa, wagawidwa kapena wapita. Kusatetezeka kumeneko ndi gwero la chikhumbo chamakono chofuna kudzisungira.
Imfa ikatigwera simabanki omwe timatembenukira kwa, kapena akuluakulu amakampani, kapena oyang'anira hedge fund. Komabe, awa ndi anthu omwe magulu athu adawalipira bwino kwambiri. Ndiwo anthu amene, ngati malipiro ali muyeso wa mtengo wake, amakhala amtengo wapatali kwambiri.
Koma iwo sali anthu amene timawafuna, monga munthu payekha, monga magulu, monga mitundu. M'malo mwake, adzakhala madokotala, anamwino, ogwira ntchito zachipatala, opereka chithandizo ndi ogwira ntchito zachitukuko omwe adzakhala akulimbana ndi kupulumutsa miyoyo mwa kuika moyo wawo pachiswe.
Pa nthawi yamavuto azaumoyo titha kuwona amene ndi chani ndizofunikira kwambiri. Koma kodi tidzakumbukira nsembeyo, kufunika kwawo pambuyo pa kachilomboka sikukhalanso nkhani yamutu? Kapena kodi tibwereranso kubizinesi monga mwanthawi zonse - mpaka vuto lotsatira - kupereka mphotho kwa opanga zida zankhondo, eni mabiliyoni atolankhani, mabwana amakampani opangira mafuta oyaka, ndi tizilombo tothandizira ndalama zomwe zimadyetsa ndalama za anthu ena?
'Itengere pachibwano'
Phunziro lachiwiri likutsatira loyamba. Ngakhale zonse zomwe tauzidwa kwa zaka makumi anayi kapena kuposerapo, mabungwe akumadzulo a capitalist ali kutali ndi njira zabwino kwambiri zodzikonzera tokha. Izi zidzawululidwa pamene vuto la coronavirus likukulirakulira.
Tidakali okhazikika kwambiri m'chilengedwe cha Thatcherism ndi Reaganism, pamene tinauzidwa kuti: "Palibe chinthu choterocho monga chitaganya." Kodi mawu andale amenewo adzakhala bwanji ndi mayeso a masabata ndi miyezi ikubwerayi? Kodi tingapulumuke bwanji ngati aliyense payekhapayekha, ngakhale kukhala kwaokha, m'malo mokhala mbali ya madera omwe amasamalira tonsefe?
Atsogoleri aku Western omwe amalimbikitsa neoliberalism, monga akuyenera kutero masiku ano, ali ndi zisankho ziwiri kuti athane ndi coronavirus - ndipo onse adzafunika kusokonekera kwakukulu ngati sitikuwona chinyengo ndi chinyengo chawo.
Atsogoleri athu atha kutilola kuti "titengere pachibwano", monga Prime Minister waku Britain a Boris Johnson adachitira zolemba izo. M'malo mwake, izi zidzatanthauza kulola zomwe zili bwino kuwononga osauka ndi okalamba ambiri - zomwe zidzathetse maboma ku mavuto azachuma omwe amapeza ndalama zochepa za penshoni ndi malipiro a chithandizo.
Atsogoleri otere adzati alibe mphamvu zolowererapo kapena kuthetsa vutoli. Poyang'anizana ndi zotsutsana zomwe zili m'malingaliro awo adziko lapansi, iwo mwadzidzidzi adzakhala opha anthu, kusiya chikhulupiriro chawo cha mphamvu ndi chilungamo cha msika waulere. Adzanena kuti kachilomboka kamafalikira kwambiri kuti kakhalepo, kolimba kwambiri kuti chithandizo chamankhwala chitha kupirira, chakupha kwambiri kuti chipulumutse miyoyo. Adzazemba mlandu wonse chifukwa cha kuchepa kwaumoyo kwazaka zambiri komanso kusungitsa anthu wamba zomwe zidapangitsa kuti ntchitozo zikhale zosakwanira, zosakwanira, zolemetsa komanso zosasinthika.
Kapena, mosiyana, andale adzagwiritsa ntchito ma spin madotolo ndi othandizana nawo pazofalitsa zamakampani kuti abise kuti ali mwakachetechete komanso kwakanthawi akukhala socialists kuti athane ndi vuto ladzidzidzi. Iwo atero kusintha malamulo a umoyo wabwino kotero kuti onse omwe ali pazachuma chomwe adapanga - omwe amagwira ntchito maola a zero - asafalitse kachilomboka chifukwa sangakwanitse kudzipatula kapena kutenga masiku oti asadwale.
Kapena mwina atsogoleri athu atsatira njira zonse ziwiri.
Mavuto osatha
Ngati tivomereza konse, mfundo yoti ifike pavutoli - kuti tonsefe ndife ofunika mofanana, kuti tiyenera kuyang'anirana wina ndi mzake, kuti timamira kapena kusambira pamodzi - sizidzatengedwa ngati phunziro lapadera, lachidule lachidziwitso. zovuta izi. Atsogoleri athu adzakana kutenga maphunziro owonjezereka - omwe angasonyeze kulakwa kwawo - momwe anthu anzeru, aumunthu ayenera kugwirira ntchito nthawi zonse.
M'malo mwake, palibe chilichonse chosiyana ndi vuto la coronavirus. Ndiko kuwonjezereka kwavuto losawoneka bwino lomwe tsopano tikukhalamo kosatha. Pamene Britain imamira pansi pa kusefukira kwa madzi nyengo iliyonse yozizira, pamene Australia imawotcha chilimwe chilichonse, pamene madera akumwera kwa US akuphwanyidwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho ndipo zigwa zake zazikulu zimasanduka fumbi, pamene vuto la nyengo likukhala lowoneka bwino, tidzaphunzira choonadi ichi pang'onopang'ono komanso mopweteka.
Iwo omwe ali ndi ndalama zambiri m'dongosolo lamakono - ndipo omwe ali ndi ubongo kwambiri sangathe kuwona zolakwika zake - adzawateteza mpaka kumapeto kowawa. Sadzaphunzira kanthu kuchokera ku kachilomboka. Adzaloza ku mayiko aulamuliro ndikuchenjeza kuti zinthu zitha kuipiraipira.
Adzaloza chala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kufa ku Iran monga chitsimikiziro chakuti magulu athu omwe amayendetsedwa ndi phindu ali bwino, kwinaku akunyalanyaza kuwonongeka koyipa komwe tabweretsa pazaumoyo ku Iran patatha zaka zambiri zowononga chuma chake chifukwa cha zilango zowopsa. Tidachoka ku Iran kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha coronavirus chifukwa tikufuna kupanga "kusintha kwaulamuliro" - kusokoneza ponamizira kuti ndi "zachifundo" - monga momwe tidafunira kumayiko ena omwe chuma chawo tikufuna kuwongolera, kuyambira ku Iraq kupita ku Syria. ndi Libya.
Iran idzakhala ndi mlandu pavuto lomwe tidafuna, lomwe andale athu adafuna (ngakhale liwiro ndi njira zidadabwitsa), kugwetsa atsogoleri ake. Zolephera za Iran zidzatchulidwa ngati umboni wa moyo wathu wapamwamba, pamene tikulira modzilungamitsa chifukwa cha mkwiyo wa "kusokoneza kwa Russia" komwe sitingathe kufotokoza.
Kuyamikira ubwino wamba
Iwo omwe amateteza dongosolo lathu, ngakhale malingaliro ake amkati akugwa pamaso pa coronavirus komanso nyengo yadzidzidzi, atiuza momwe tilili ndi mwayi wokhala m'malo aulere pomwe ena - oyang'anira Amazon, ntchito zoperekera nyumba, malo ogulitsa mankhwala, opanga mapepala akuchimbudzi. - titha kupangabe ndalama mwachangu kuchokera ku mantha athu ndi mantha. Malingana ngati wina akutidyera masuku pamutu, malinga ngati wina akukula ndi kulemera, tidzauzidwa kuti dongosolo limagwira ntchito - ndipo limagwira ntchito bwino kuposa china chilichonse chomwe tingaganizire.
Koma m'malo mwake, magulu a capitalist omwe atsala pang'ono kutha monga US ndi UK azivutikira kunena kuti apambana pang'ono motsutsana ndi ma coronavirus a maboma aulamuliro. Kodi Trump ku US kapena Johnson ku UK - zitsanzo za "msika amadziwa bwino" capitalism - atha kuchita bwino kuposa China muli ndi kuthana ndi kachilomboka?
Phunziro ili silikunena za magulu aulamuliro motsutsana ndi "ufulu". Izi ndi za anthu omwe amaona kuti chuma cha anthu onse ndi chamtengo wapatali, chomwe chimayamikira ubwino wa onse, kuposa umbombo wachinsinsi ndi phindu, pamwamba pa kuteteza mwayi wa anthu olemera.
Mu 2008, patatha zaka makumi ambiri akupatsa mabanki zomwe amafuna - kubweza kwaulere kuti apeze ndalama pochita malonda ndi mpweya wotentha - maiko akumadzulo onse adasefukira ngati kuphulika kopanda kanthu. Mabanki ndi ntchito zandalama zidapulumutsidwa kokha ndi ndalama zapaboma - ndalama za olipira msonkho. Sitinapatsidwe chisankho: mabanki, tinauzidwa, "akulu kwambiri kuti alephere".
Tinagula mabanki ndi chuma chathu wamba. Koma chifukwa chuma chachinsinsi ndicho chitsogozo cha nthawi yathu, anthu saloledwa kukhala ndi mabanki omwe adagula. Ndipo mabanki atatulutsidwa ndi ife - chikhalidwe cholakwika cha anthu olemera - mabanki adabwereranso kukapanga ndalama zachinsinsi, ndikulemeretsa olemekezeka ang'onoang'ono mpaka ngozi ina.
Palibe komwe mungawulukire
Wopusa angaganize kuti izi zinali zongochitika zokha. Koma kulephera kwa capitalism ndikwachilengedwe komanso kokhazikika, popeza kachilomboka kakuwonekera kale ndipo nyengo yadzidzidzi ibwerera kunyumba ndi ziwawa zowopsa mzaka zikubwerazi.
Kutsekedwa kwa malire kumatanthauza kuti ndege zikuyenda mofulumira. Iwo sanayike ndalama kwa tsiku lamvula, ndithudi. Sanapulumutse, sanali anzeru. Ali m'dziko lovuta kwambiri lomwe amayenera kupikisana ndi omwe akupikisana nawo, kuwathamangitsa bizinesi ndikupanga ndalama zambiri momwe angathere kwa eni ake.
Tsopano palibe paliponse pomwe ndege zimawulukira - ndipo sadzakhala ndi njira zowonekera zopangira ndalama kwa miyezi pamapeto. Monga mabanki, ndiakulu kwambiri kuti alephere - ndipo monga mabanki omwe akufuna kuti ndalama za boma zigwiritsidwe ntchito kuti ziwachepetse mpaka atha kupanganso phindu kwa omwe ali nawo. Padzakhala mabungwe ena ambiri omwe akuima pamzere kumbuyo kwa ndege.
Posakhalitsa anthu adzakhalanso ndi zida zolimba kuti athandize mabungwe omwe amayendetsedwa ndi phindu awa omwe ntchito yawo yokha ndiyo gawo lalikulu lomwe amatenga polimbikitsa kutentha kwa dziko ndi kuwononga zamoyo padziko lapansi. Ndege zidzatsitsimutsidwa mpaka vuto losapeลตeka litafika - lomwe ndi osewera ofunika kwambiri.
Nsapato ikuponda pankhope
Capitalism ndi njira yabwino kwa anthu osankhika ochepa kuti apeze ndalama pamtengo wowopsa, komanso wosavomerezeka, kwa anthu ambiri - mpaka dongosololi liziwonetsa kuti silikugwiranso ntchito. Kenako anthu ambiri akuyenera kutenga gawoli, ndikuthandizira olemera kuti ayambirenso. Monga nsapato ikuponda pa nkhope ya munthu - kwamuyaya, monga George Orwell anachenjeza kalekale.
Koma sikuli kokha kuti ukapitalizimu uli wodziwononga mwachuma; ilinso lopanda munthu. Apanso, tiyenera kuphunzira zitsanzo za neoliberal orthodoxy: UK ndi US.
Ku Britain, National Health Service - pomwe nsanje yapadziko lonse lapansi - yatsala pang'ono kutha patatha zaka makumi ambiri akugulitsa zachinsinsi komanso kutulutsa ntchito zake. Tsopano chipani chomwechi cha Conservative chomwe chidayamba kupha anthu a NHS chikuchonderera mabizinesi monga opanga magalimoto kuti athane ndi kusowa kwakukulu kwa ma ventilator, omwe posachedwapa afunika kuthandiza odwala a coronavirus.
Kamodzi, mwadzidzidzi, maboma akumadzulo akanatha kuwongolera zothandizira, zapagulu ndi zachinsinsi, kuti zipulumutse miyoyo. Mafakitole akanatha kukonzedwanso kuti athandize anthu onse. Masiku ano, boma likuchita ngati onse akhoza kuchita ndikulimbikitsa bizinesi, kuika chiyembekezo pacholinga chopeza phindu komanso kudzikonda kumayendetsa makampaniwa kuti alowe mumsika wopumira mpweya, kapena kupereka mabedi, m'njira zopindulitsa paumoyo wa anthu.
Zolakwika m'njira imeneyi ziyenera kukhala zowoneka bwino ngati tiwona momwe wopanga magalimoto angayankhire pempholi kusintha mafakitale ake kupanga ma ventilator.
Ngati sichikukhudzidwa kuti ingathe kupanga ndalama zosavuta kapena ngati ikuganiza kuti pali phindu lofulumira kapena lalikulu loti lipeze popitiriza kupanga magalimoto panthawi yomwe anthu akuopa kugwiritsa ntchito zoyendera za anthu onse, odwala adzafa. Ikabwerera m'mbuyo, kudikirira kuti awone ngati pakufunika kufunikira kokwanira kwa ma ventilator kuti azitha kusintha mafakitale ake, odwala adzafa. Zikachedwetsa poyembekezera kuti kusowa kwa makina olowera mpweya kudzalimbikitsa thandizo kuchokera ku boma lomwe likuwopa kubweza kwa anthu, odwala adzafa. Ndipo ngati zipangitsa ma ventilator pamtengo wotsika mtengo, kuti awonjezere phindu, osawonetsetsa kuti ogwira ntchito zachipatala amayang'anira kayendetsedwe kabwino, odwala amafa.
Kupulumuka sikudzadalira pa ubwino wamba, pa kusonkhana kwathu kuti tithandize osowa, pokonzekera zotulukapo zabwino, koma pa kusakhazikika kwa msika. Osati pamsika wokha, komanso pamalingaliro olakwika, malingaliro aumunthu pa zomwe zimapanga mphamvu zamsika.
Kupulumuka kopambana
Ngati izi sizinali zoyipa mokwanira, a Trump - muzachabechabe zake zonse - akuwonetsa momwe cholinga chopindulira chingapitirire kuchokera kubizinesi yomwe akudziwa bwino kwambiri mpaka pandale zandale zomwe wakhala akuchita pang'onopang'ono. Malinga ndi malipoti, kuseri kwa ziwonetsero wakhala akuthamangitsa chipolopolo cha silver. Akulankhula ndi makampani opanga mankhwala apadziko lonse lapansi kuti apeze wina woyandikira kupanga katemera kuti United States igule ufulu wokhawokha.
Malipoti akuwonetsa kuti akufuna kupereka katemerayu kwa anthu aku US okha, zomwe zingafanane ndi wopambana pamavoti mchaka chokonzekeranso. Uwu ungakhale nadir wa filosofi ya galu-idya-galu - kupulumuka kwa opambana, msika umasankha dziko lapansi - talimbikitsidwa kupembedza m'zaka makumi anayi zapitazi. Ndimomwe anthu amachitira akakanidwa gulu lalikulu lomwe ali ndi udindo komanso lomwe lili ndi udindo kwa iwo.
Koma ngakhale a Trump atakhala kuti angalole kuti mayiko ena asangalale ndi katemera wake wachinsinsi, izi sizikhala zothandiza anthu, zabwino zambiri. Zikhala za Trump, pulezidenti wabizinesi kutembenuza phindu ku US kumbuyo kwa kusimidwa ndi kuzunzika kwa ena, komanso kudzigulitsa ngwazi yandale padziko lonse lapansi.
Kapena, mwina, ukhala mwayi winanso kuti US iwonetse zidziwitso zake "zachifundo", kudalitsa mayiko "abwino" powapatsa mwayi wopeza katemera, ndikukana mayiko "oyipa" ngati Russia ufulu woteteza nzika zawo.
Mawonekedwe a dziko lonyansa
Idzakhala fanizo labwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi - komanso molimba mtima technicolor - momwe njira yaku America yogulitsira thanzi imagwirira ntchito. Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika pamene thanzi silimatengedwa ngati chinthu chabwino kwa anthu koma ngati chinthu choyenera kugulidwa, ngati mwayi wolimbikitsa anthu ogwira ntchito, monga muyeso wa omwe akuchita bwino ndi omwe sakupambana.
Dziko la US, lomwe ndi dziko lolemera kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, lili ndi dongosolo lazaumoyo losokonekera osati chifukwa silingakwanitse kugula zabwino, koma chifukwa malingaliro ake andale amanyansidwa ndi kupembedza chuma kotero kuti amakana kuvomereza zabwino za anthu, kulemekeza chuma chofanana cha anthu athanzi.
Dongosolo lazaumoyo ku US ndilokwera mtengo kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, komanso kwambiri osakwanira. โKuwononga ndalama zambiri pazaumoyoโ sikuthandiza kuchiritsa odwala koma kumalemeretsa bizinesi yazaumoyo yamakampani opanga mankhwala ndi makampani a inshuwaransi yazaumoyo.
Ofufuza akufotokoza gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a ndalama zonse za US zaumoyo - $ 765 biliyoni pachaka - monga "zowonongeka". Koma โzinyalalaโ ndi chithumwa. M'malo mwake, ndi ndalama zomwe zimayikidwa m'matumba a mabungwe omwe amadzitcha okha makampani azaumoyo monga momwe amachitira chinyengo chuma chofanana cha nzika zaku US. Ndipo chinyengo ndichokulirapo chifukwa ngakhale kuwononga ndalama zambiri kumeneku, nzika imodzi mwa 10 yaku US ilibe chitetezo chokwanira paumoyo.
Kuposa kale lonse, coronavirus iwonetsa kusagwira bwino ntchito kwadongosolo lino - chitsanzo cha chisamaliro chaumoyo choyendetsedwa ndi phindu, chamsika chomwe chimayang'ana zokonda zanthawi yayitali, osati zofuna zathu zonse.
Pali njira zina. Pakadali pano, aku America akupatsidwa chisankho pakati pa wa demokalase, Bernie Sanders, yemwe amalimbikitsa chisamaliro chaumoyo ngati choyenera chifukwa ndi chabwino, komanso bwana wachipani cha Democratic, Joe Biden, yemwe amathandizira mabizinesi omwe amadalira kuti apeze ndalama. ndi kupambana kwake pazandale. Mmodzi akunyozedwa ndikunamiziridwa kuti akuwopseza moyo waku America ndi mabungwe ochepa omwe ali ndi ma TV aku US, pomwe winayo akuthamangitsidwa kusankhidwa kwa demokalase ndi mabungwe omwewo.
Coronavirus ili ndi phunziro lofunikira, lofunikira kuti litiphunzitse. Funso ndilakuti: Kodi ndife okonzeka kumvetsera?
Cook adapambana Mphotho Yapadera ya Martha Gellhorn ya Utolankhani. Mabuku ake akuphatikizapo "Israel ndi Clash of Civilizations: Iraq, Iran ndi Plan to Remake the Middle East" (Pluto Press) ndi "Disappearing Palestine: Zoyesera za Israeli mu Kutaya Mtima kwa Anthu" (Zed Books). Webusaiti yake ndi www.jonathan-cook.net.
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