Gwero: TSS Platform
Atangowukiridwa ku Ukraine, TSS Platform idasindikiza mawu otchedwa Ayi ku Nkhondo. Kwa Ndale Zamtendere Zapadziko Lonse, imene inafalitsidwa kwambiri. Kufalikira kwake ku Europe, kuchokera Kummawa mpaka Kumadzulo, ku United States ndi Latin America kwapangitsa kuti Msonkhano Wamuyaya Wotsutsana ndi Nkhondo, malo ogwirizana ndi mayiko onse kuti akambirane ndi kupanga bungwe osati kutsutsa nkhondo, koma kuchita ndale zomwe zimatenga mbali ya omwe akukhudzidwa ndi nkhondo ku Ukraine, omwe amatsutsa nkhondo ku Russia, ndi onse omwe akuvutika kuti asaphedwe. , kudyeredwa masuku pamutu, ndi kuponderezedwa ndi amene adzavutika ndi zotulukapo za nkhondo pa moyo wawo ndi mikhalidwe yawo ya ntchito. Pofuna kuthandizira ndikuwonetsa kuwonetsetsa kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka anthu. , ndi mapulani olumikizirana ndi zochita zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitheke. Chotsatira chake ndi mndandanda woyamba wa zokambirana ndi akatswiri ndi abwenzi omwe m'zaka zaposachedwa athandizira kutsutsana kwa gululi pa nkhani, zokambirana ndi machitidwe omwe ndale zapadziko lonse zamtendere sizinganyalanyaze. Timafalitsa patsamba lino kufunsa kwa Jeremy Brecher (United States), Ida Dominijanni (Italy), Cinzia Arruzza ndi Tithi Bhattacharya (United States), Ranabir Samaddar (India).
Jeremy Brecher, wolemba mbiri waku America, komanso womenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe wakhala akugwira ntchito kuyambira 1970s polimbana ndi mikangano yotsutsana ndi nkhondo, gulu la ogwira ntchito, komanso kulimbikitsa chilungamo chanyengo. Iye anali m'modzi mwa oyamba kufotokoza kufunikira kwa ndale kugwirizanitsa nkhani zachilengedwe ndi zovuta za ogwira ntchito. Chofunikira m'lingaliro ili ndi Climate Insurgency Trilogy (2017). Zolemba zake zotsutsana ndi zigawenga zankhondo zaku US (M'dzina la Demokalase: Milandu Yankhondo yaku America ku Iraq ndi Kupitilira, 2005) komanso kudalirana kwapadziko lonse lapansi (Globalization from Pansi: The Power of Solidarity 2000 and Global Village or Global Pillage: Economic Reconstruction from the Bottom Up 2001) ali ndi zidziwitso zofunika kuziganizira - monga akunenera muzoyankhulana - nkhondo yomwe ikubwera padziko lonse lapansi komanso ndale zamtendere zapadziko lonse lapansi motsutsana ndi mayiko ndi ma capitalist, motsutsana ndi malire awo, maulamuliro, ndi nkhondo.
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Ndale zapadziko lonse zamtendere zikufuna kukhala chinthu choposa mgwirizano wapadziko lonse. Lili ndi zonena zomanga mgwirizano wamayiko ena kuti, ngakhale kunena kuti ayi kunkhondo, nthawi yomweyo amatsutsa zotsatira zake pa moyo ndi ntchito za mamiliyoni a akazi ndi amuna, LGBTQIA + anthu, ogwira ntchito, osauka, othawa kwawo komanso osamuka, osati kokha ku Ukraine ndi Russia. Kodi mukuganiza kuti zonenazi ndi zowona, kapena mukuganiza kuti tiyenera kuika patsogolo kakhazikitsidwe kake kuposa kukonzanso kwa geopolitical framework?
Zinthu ziwirizi sizimatsutsidwa, koma zimalumikizana.
"Kukonzanso kwa geopolitical framework" ndikofunikira kwambiri koma kosadziwikiratu, madzimadzi, mitundu yambiri, komanso zovuta kukopa. Izi sizimakhudza mayiko okha, komanso magulu ena andale, kuphatikizapo mayendedwe a chifasisti ndi kusankhana mitundu.
Kazembe wamkulu pa msonkhano wamtendere wa Versailles mu 1919 anauza wojambula yemwe ankajambula chithunzi chake kuti: โUkudziwa zimene akuchita, sichoncho? Akusankha mbali za Nkhondo Yadziko II.โ Ngakhale pali zovuta zonse, zambiri za "kukonzanso dongosolo la geopolitical framework" zitha kumveka ngati kusankha mbali za Nkhondo Yachitatu Yadziko Lonse.
Ndale zamtendere zapadziko lonse lapansi zimafuna mayankho awiri olumikizana:
Choyamba, chiyenera kufotokoza zenizeni izi ndikukakamiza anthu kuti akane, m'malo mozindikira, mphamvu zosiyanasiyana zomwe akudziyika okha pa Nkhondo Yachitatu Yadziko Lonse. Chowonadi chachikulu ndikulimbana pakati pa maulamuliro akulu, momwe maiko ang'onoang'ono ngati Ukraine akupangidwa kuti azipondereza. Kufotokozera Gramsci, akuyikidwa mumkhalidwe woti azitha kusewera masewera a munthu wina, ngakhale akuyenera kuyesa kusewera masewera awoawo.
Chachiwiri, anthu omwe akuvulazidwa ndi nkhondoyi - makamaka ogwira ntchito, othawa kwawo, amayi, osauka, mafuko, mafuko, ndi amuna ndi akazi, ndi magulu ena oponderezedwa ndi osankhidwa padziko lonse lapansi - akhoza kudziteteza okha podzikonzekeretsa okha. monga gulu lodziyimira pawokha, logwirizana wina ndi mzake, kupanga zofuna kwa maboma ndi ma capitalist, ndikuwachirikiza ndi zosokoneza zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwa olamulira kuwavulaza. Kuyimitsa nkhondo ya Ukraine ndikofunikira kwambiri pazokonda zawo. Kulimbikitsana kwamayiko kotereku kumatha kuthandizira gulu lamtendere osati ku Russia kokha komanso ku US ndi Europe.
Mwachidule, kudzipanga nokha kuchokera pansi kuti mudziteteze ndikudziteteza ndi njira yofunikira kwambiri yokhala ndi chiwonongeko chapadziko lonse lapansi chomwe chimabwera chifukwa cha "kukonzanso dongosolo la geopolitical framework." Ndizovuta kuwona momwe chimangocho chingakhudzirenso.
Mayiko aku Europe ndi US akuyesera kudziwonetsa okha ngati akatswiri a demokalase yapadziko lonse lapansi motsutsana ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ulamuliro wa Putin. Chiwawa cha ulamuliro wa malire a ku Ulaya ndi neo-liberal capitalism ndi zotsatira zake zowononga makamaka ku Central ndi Eastern Europe zikuwoneka kuti zichotsedwa. Pempho la maboma a azungu ku zikhalidwe za demokalase, osati kusonyeza kudzipereka pakukulitsa maufulu a chikhalidwe cha anthu kapena chikhalidwe cha anthu, kumangogwira ntchito pakulimbitsa maulamuliro ankhondo otsutsana. Ndale zapadziko lonse zamtendere sizingathe kuthetsedwa pokhapokha ngati pempho lofunikira kuti nkhondo ithe kapena kuyitanira demokalase. Kodi tinganene bwanji nkhani yomwe imaganizira zotsutsana izi mkati ndi kupitirira kwa nkhondo?
Gawo loyamba la nkhani yotere ndikuzindikira nkhondo ya ku Ukraine ngati gawo la njira zoyendetsera dziko lonse lapansi zolamulira. Kwa US, izi zikutanthauza ulamuliro wapadziko lonse lapansi, momwe dziko lonse lapansi ndi "gawo lachikoka". Ikufuna kugwiritsa ntchito "Monroe Doctrine" padziko lonse lapansi. Kwa Russia, zikutanthawuza kulamulira chikhalidwe chake ku Eastern Europe ndi gawo ku Middle East ndi kwina kulikonse. Kwa China, zikutanthauza kuchulukitsa mphamvu zachuma padziko lonse lapansi ndi chiwopsezo chochepa chankhondo komanso kuchitapo kanthu. (Ndizisiyira ena odziwa bwino kuposa ine kuti awonetsere gawo (ma) ku Europe mu "kukonzanso" uku.)
Mkati mwa dongosolo loterolo, nkhani ingakhale yotheka mโmene onse olimbana ndi mphamvu zazikulu amawoneka ngati โadani a anthuโ ndi a magulu ambiri enieni amene ife anthu tinapangidwa. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, onse amene amavutika kuchepetsa ndi kuthetsa chiwonongeko chawo akhoza kuwonedwa ngati mabwenzi, ogwirizana, ndi abwenzi.
Kuchokera ku Ukraine, mawu ovuta adakwezedwa motsutsana ndi gawo lakumanzere lakumadzulo, lomwe lanyalanyaza kwa zaka zambiri zomwe zinali kuchitika kummawa ndipo tsopano zikuwerenga momwe zinthu zilili mu ndondomeko ya anti-American anti-imperialism kapena European demokalase, ndi magalasi ndi magalasi. maudindo omwe salinso oyenera mpaka pano. Kodi nkhondoyi imatikakamiza kuti tiwone chiyani ndipo ndi zitsanzo ziti zomwe zimatikakamiza kusiya?
Ndiloleni ndiyambe ndi momwe zinthu zilili ku US komanso ndi nkhani yomwe ili kumanzere. Gawo lalikulu la utsogoleri wa dziko la US ndi gawo la Ufulu likuwona nkhondo ya Ukraine ngati mwayi wowonjezera ulamuliro wapadziko lonse wa US. Amawonetsera poyera nkhondo yayitali ngati njira yofooketsa Russia ndikuchepetsa ulamuliro wa Putin, ndikukulitsa mphamvu zachuma, zankhondo, ndi ndale za US ku Eastern Europe. Gawo lina la Ufulu limathandizira ndale za Putin zokondera tsankho. Anthu wamba ambiri akulabadira za nkhanza zaku Russia komanso kuwonongeka komwe kumayambitsa anthu aku Ukraine.
Gawo lalikulu kwambiri la US kumanzere latsutsa kuukira kwa Russia ku Ukraine pomwe likuwonetsanso khalidwe lachipongwe komanso lachinyengo la US ndi NATO kuyambira 1989. Gawo laling'ono, lomwe ambiri mwa iwo adazindikira kuti Soviet Union ndi mtsogoleri wa dziko "lopita patsogolo". "kukana kutcha kuukira kwa Russia ndikuwukira ndikuzilungamitsa chifukwa chakukula kwa NATO, doko la Chiyukireniya la chipani cha Nazi, komanso kufunikira kolimbana ndi ma imperialism aku US, mosasamala kanthu za tsankho, imperialist, komanso zikhalidwe zodziwika bwino za boma la Russia.
Kumbali inayi, anthu ambiri akumanzere achita mantha kwambiri ndi nkhanza za ku Russia, komanso molimbikitsidwa ndi kukana kwa Ukraine, kotero kuti amanyalanyaza kapena kukana udindo wa US ndi NATO poyambitsa nkhondoyi ndikulimbikitsa thandizo lankhondo ku Ukraine. . Iwo akubwereranso ku chimango cha "American exceptionalism" yomwe imakondwerera maulendo awiri omwe nkhanza za anthu a ku Russia ndi "alendo" ena amasangalatsidwa koma Mai Lai, Fallujah, ndi masiku a 78 a kuphulika kwa mabomba ku Serbia aiwalika.
Chomwe chimasoลตeka kwambiri kumbali zonse ndicho kusanthula dongosolo la dziko lonse monga momwe zinthu zilili pochitirana zinthu pamodzi ndi machitidwe a mayiko ndi amphamvu zamphamvu monga opangidwa ndi zinthu zopikisana zimene zikukanthana nโkuwonongana. Munthawi ya Cold War, kumvetsetsa kudayamba pang'onopang'ono kuti zida zanyukiliya zotsutsidwa zinalidi gawo la njira yolumikizirana yomwe nthawi iliyonse imatha kusakhazikika ndikuyambitsa Armagedo ya nyukiliya. Kuzimitsa zida zanyukiliya ndi zina mwa zina zinali zotsatira za kuzindikira izi. Timafunikira kumvetsetsa kwadongosolo kofananako kwa zovuta zamasiku ano padziko lapansi.
Nkhondo ku Ukraine ndi nkhondo ya makolo chifukwa ikutsimikiziranso ndi mabomba magulu onse omwe timapikisana nawo. Amuna ayenera kukhala asirikali ndikuwonetsa pomenya nkhondo kuti ndi amuna okonda dziko lawo. Azimayi a Transgender sangathe kuchoka ku Ukraine chifukwa alonda a m'malire amawazindikira kuti ndi amuna. Azimayi amawaona ngati zinthu zofooka komanso zopanda mphamvu zotetezedwa, ndipo zikwi mazana ambiri za anthu othawa kwawo ku Ukraine mosakayikira adzagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati anthu otsika mtengo m'magulu ofunikira kapena ntchito zapakhomo. Kodi mukuganiza kuti ndale zamtendere zapadziko lonse lapansi zitha bwanji kutsutsa maulamuliro a makolo ndi achiwerewere omwe nkhondo ikulimbikitsa?
Nkhondo ya ku Ukraine ikuvulaza konkire kwa amayi komanso kuwonjezereka kwa chikhalidwe cha kugonana ndi zifukwa zomwe zithetsedwe mwamsanga. Ndizifukwa za zokambirana zazikulu komanso zotsutsa "nkhondo yayitali" komanso "kupambana kwathunthu kwa Russia ndi Putin."
Azimayi akuyenera kukhala pachimake pankhondo yomwe ikubwera yolimbana ndi nkhondo yomwe ikukula padziko lonse lapansi. Kuwuka kwa gulu la azimayi padziko lonse lapansi kunali gawo lofunikira kwambiri la kudalirana kwapadziko lonse lapansi komwe kunachitika zaka makumi angapo zapitazi za 20.th zaka zana. Akazi akhala patsogolo pa kayendetsedwe ka 21st ku US ndi mayiko ena onse, kuphatikiza kusintha kwanyengo, Black Lives Matter, ufulu wobereka, ndi ufulu wa LGBTQ+. Mu Russia akazi akhala oyambirira oyambitsa kutsutsa nkhondo ku Ukraine. Zonsezi zinaphatikizapo kuzindikira maubwenzi ogwirizanitsa akazi monga kupyola malire a mayiko ndi ena ndi maudindo.
Munthu wina ananena kuti nkhondo imeneyi ndiyo mapeto a kudalirana kwa mayiko. Kodi mukuganiza kuti padzakhala kusintha kwanthawi yayitali bwanji pankhondoyi yomwe ndale zamtendere zapadziko lonse lapansi ziyenera kukonzekera?
Awa akadali "masiku oyambilira" owunikira zomwe zidachitika pankhondo yaku Ukraine. Maonekedwe amakono ndi polarizations ndizokhazikika, osati zomaliza. Zodabwitsa zina zambiri zidakali m'tsogolo.
Kudalirana kwa mayiko padziko lonse sikukhazikika. Monga ndinalembera mu Globalization kuchokera Pansipa Kalelo mu 2002, chimene chidzachitike pambuyo pake โingakhale nkhondo yolimbana ndi onse, kulamuliridwa kwa dziko ndi ulamuliro wamphamvu umodzi, chigwirizano chankhanza cha anthu apamwamba padziko lonse, masoka achilengedwe a padziko lonse, kapena kusakanizikana kwawo.โ
Nkhondo ya ku Ukraine ikuwonetsa momwe chuma chapadziko lonse lapansi chalumikizirana komanso kuchuluka komwe kwatsala pang'ono pomwe zidutswa zake - mwachitsanzo, zachuma, chakudya, mphamvu, zogwirira ntchito, thanzi - zikusokonekera pang'ono padziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale kuti padzakhala kukonda dziko lambiri - kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za boma kukweza m'modzi kapena wina wachuma - zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri kubwerera ku chuma cha mayiko ophatikizana komanso odziyimira pawokha. Kuchuluka kwa mikangano yazachuma ndi chipwirikiti ndizotsatira zowoneka bwino.
Pakumenyana komweko, mayiko osiyanasiyana ndi osewera ena ayesa "kuyika" magulu a anthu kuti athandizire zofuna zawo zachuma motsutsana ndi ena. Masomphenya apakati pa zokonda zodziwika pakati pa anthu wamba akhoza kukhala njira yofunika kwambiri yothanirana ndi izi.
Ndale zapadziko lonse zamtendere ziyenera kuchitapo kanthu pakanthawi kochepa, poyang'anizana ndi kufulumira kwa nkhondo, koma ziyeneranso kudzipatsa kudzidalira, kuyang'ana kwa nthawi yaitali. Mukuganiza kuti miyeso iwiriyi ingaphatikizidwe bwanji?
Poyambira pazoyeserera kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kwanthawi yayitali ndikuwonetsetsa kuthamangitsidwa kwa chiwonongeko pakati pa maboma, ma capitalist, ndi osankhika amitundu ndi mayiko. Izi zikuphatikiza kupusa kwakanthawi kochepa kwa kuukira kwa Russia ku Ukraine. Zimaphatikizapo kupusa kwa Western kunyoza zokambirana zazikulu ndi kufunafuna "nkhondo yayitali" ngakhale kuti boma la Ukraine likuyitanitsa mobwerezabwereza kuti athetse mgwirizano. Kumaphatikizapo kuwonjezereka kofulumira kwa zida za nyukiliya ndi kufunitsitsa kowonjezereka kowopseza kugwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya. Kumaphatikizapo kuwonjezereka kowonjezereka kwa chiwopsezo cha tsiku la chiwonongeko cha kusintha kwa nyengo.
Kuwonekera kwa "ndale zamtendere zapadziko lonse" ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zochepa za chiyembekezo mu nthawi zamdima zino. Chifukwa chakuti ndi yapadziko lonse lapansi, ili ndi mwayi wozindikira osati dziko limodzi kapena dziko lina kapena mtsogoleri ngati vuto, koma makamaka dongosolo ladziko lapansi losamalira komanso machitidwe (dziko, msika, makampani, mafuta oyambira pansi, ndi zina zotero) zomwe amazipanga. . Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndale zapadziko lonse zamtendere zili ndi mwayi wochirikiza kukana kuvulazidwa komwe kukubwera ndi nkhondo ya Ukraine pa anthu osati ku Ukraine kokha koma padziko lonse lapansi.
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