Buku la Michael Fellman; 2010, Yale Univ. Press, New Haven, 288 pp.
Im'ma 1960, poyankha kudzudzula za zipolowe za anthu akuda m'ma ghettos, H. Rap โโBrown wotsutsa zachiwawa ananena kuti chiwawa chinali "chofanana ndi America monga chitumbuwa." M'buku latsopano lokopa, M'dzina la Mulungu ndi Dziko: Kuganiziranso Zachigawenga mu Mbiri Yaku America, wolemba mbiri Michael Fellman wa ku yunivesite ya Simon Fraser akusonyeza kuti Brown anali pa chizindikiro. Ziwawa zotsutsana ndi boma ndi boma zakhala gawo lalikulu m'mbiri ya America, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawonetsa mikangano yayikulu yamitundu ndi magulu yomwe yakhudza anthu. Uchigawenga wa m'boma wakhala wofala kwambiri, njira yofunika kwambiri yowonjezerera maulamuliro ndi mphamvu za boma, m'mayiko komanso padziko lonse lapansi.
Potsutsa sukulu yaufulu ya mbiri yakale ya US, Fellman akupereka maphunziro asanu okhudza mikangano yachiwawa pakati pa anthu a US. Yoyamba imayang'ana kuukira kotchuka kwa John Brown pa Harper's Ferry komwe Brown adafuna kuthetseratu kuipa kwaukapolo mwachiwawa. Cholinga cha Brown chinali kuyambitsa chipwirikiti cha akapolo. M'malo mwake zinapangitsa kuti pakhale mkangano pakati pa obzala akumwera oyera omwe adabweretsa kulemera kwaulamuliro wawo kuti achite pa iye. M'malo mwake, a Brown anali imfa yoyamba mu Nkhondo Yachiweniweni, mkangano womwe unadzadza ndi ziwawa zowawa komanso zankhanza, zomwe zidaperekedwa pomwe mbali iliyonse ikufuna kupanga malingaliro ake apadera achikhristu. Mgwirizanowu udali wankhanza kwambiri posaka ndi kupha asitikali akuda a Union, makamaka ngati mfundo, komanso amawopseza mobwerezabwereza anthu m'magawo omwe adadutsamo. Asilikali a Union adachita nkhanza kwa akaidi ankhondo komanso ziwopsezo zowopsa kwa anthu wamba, zomwe zidawononga madera ambiri akummwera chakumwera. Fellman akulemba kuti "pakutentha ndi kuzizira kwa nkhondo, nkhondo inagwirizanitsa kukhala uchigawenga."
Mutu wachitatu wa Fellman ukukamba za uchigawenga wochuluka wa boma wochitidwa ndi owombola oyera akumwera pambuyo pa kuwonongeka kwa Reconstruction. Amafotokoza momwe malingaliro atsankho a anthu akuda ngati aulesi, achinyengo, komanso okonda upandu adathandizira kubwera kwa Jim Crow komanso kuwopseza mwankhanza kwa omwe adafuna kutsutsa momwe zinthu ziliri. A KKK ndi magulu ena achigawenga achizungu adalandira chithandizo chokwanira kuchokera kwa akuluakulu a ndale ndi atsogoleri ammudzi kuti achite nkhanza ndi ziwawa zina zomwe zimafuna kuonetsetsa kuti azungu ayamba kulamulira. Ena mwa anthu amene anazunzidwawo anali azungu omwe ankafuna kusintha zinthu zomwe poyamba ankamenyera ufulu wa anthu akuda. Malinga ndi a Fellman, misonkhano yambiri ya KKK inkayendera limodzi ndi chitsitsimutso cha evangelical cha nthawiyo. Dziko lakumpoto linavomereza kubwera kwa tsankho, chifukwa cha kutanganidwa kwa ndale ndi zachuma pakati pa akuluakulu a ndale ndi zachuma chifukwa cha kuchulukana kwa capitalist ndi kuthetsa chipwirikiti cha ogwira ntchito.
Chaputala chachinayi cha Fellman chikuwunika mlandu woyipa wa Haymarket, womwe akuti udakhala ngati chiwopsezo chazovuta zachiwawa komanso zovuta zamagulu zomwe zimatchedwa kuti Gilded Age. Akuwonetsa momwe atsogoleri a gulu la anarchist ku Chicago adalandirira kupha apolisi angapo pobwezera nkhanza zomwe apolisi adachitira antchito omwe adamenyedwa, ndipo anayi mwa asanu ndi atatuwo adaweruzidwa kuti apachikidwe pambuyo pozenga mlandu mobisa. Atolankhani odziwika bwino komanso akuluakulu apakati komanso olamulira nthawi zambiri amakondera nkhanza za apolisi kwa ogwira ntchito chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa malingaliro odana ndi olowa m'mayiko ena komanso malingaliro a anthu ang'onoang'ono, komanso kuopa kuwukira kwamagulu. Kwa iwo, iye akulemba kuti, "cholinga chapamwamba chosungitsa bata ndi njira iliyonse yofunikira chinakweza mwambo wa Anglo-Saxon wa ufulu kwa onse .... Zaka makumi asanu ndi atatu McCarthyism isanayambe, mwambo wa ku America wa anticommunism wopondereza unabadwa, mwambo umene ungagwirizane ndi zina. adani komanso, mwachitsanzo, Islamo-fascists."
Mutu womaliza wa Fellman ukuwonetsa momwe zigawenga za boma zidathandizira kwambiri kukulitsa mphamvu za US kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20, monga momwe zidawonetsera pakugonjetsa kwa America ku Philippines. Kulowererapo kwa US kumeneko kudayendetsedwa ndi kufunafuna misika komanso chikhumbo ngati chaumishonale kutumiza "ubwino" wachitukuko cha America kwa anthu omwe akuwoneka kuti sakuyenera kudzilamulira. Purezidenti William McKinley analemba m'mabuku ake kuti adalangizidwa ndi "Mulungu" kuti achite nkhondoyi. Atsogoleri a ndale ndi akuluakulu, kuphatikizapo Arthur McArthur, adanena (mofanana ndi olemba malamulo ndi akuluakulu ankhondo pa nthawi ya Vietnam ndi Iraq) kuti nkhondoyo inkachitika ndi "umunthu wochuluka komanso kudziletsa monga momwe zilili m'mbiri." Umboni wochuluka wolembedwa, komabe, kuphatikizapo makalata ochokera kwa asilikali, umatsimikizira kuti gulu lankhondo la U.S. linali ndi udindo wochita nkhanza zosawerengeka, kuphatikizapo kuwotcha midzi ndi kuzunza akaidi ankhondo kudzera mu "mankhwala amadzi" (omwe tsopano amatchedwa water-boarding). Mofanana ndi nthawi ya nkhondo ya ku Vietnam, asilikali ambiri a m'madzi ankayerekezera nkhondo za ku India, kusaka, ndi masewera, koma amalephera kusiyanitsa pakati pa zigawenga ndi anthu wamba omwe adathandizira kwambiri dziko lawo.
Fellman amamaliza bukuli potsata zomwe zikuchitika kuyambira zaka za zana la 19 mpaka zaka za 20 mpaka pano. Boma la America panthawi yomalizayi, akutero, limalimbikitsa uchigawenga nthawi zonse kuti zithandizire kuti anthu asamavutike, kuphatikiza alimi aku Indochina panthawi ya Cold War, motsutsana ndi nzika zakuda pansi pa zomwe zimatchedwa Nkhondo Yolimbana ndi Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo, komanso motsutsana ndi Asilamu omwe ali pansi pa ulamuliro. chithunzi cha War on Terror. Mfundo imodzi imene anthu ambiri amayendera ndiyomwe yachititsa kuti anthu azisankhana mitundu mozama kwambiri, azikoka kwambiri komanso azipembedzo.
Pazonse, Fellman adalemba buku lokopa komanso lopatsa chidwi, lokhazikika pazoyambira komanso zachiwiri. Sikuti amangopereka zovuta pazambiri zakale, amatikakamiza kuti tiganizirenso tanthauzo la Nkhondo Yachigawenga. Ngakhale olemba ndemanga ambiri amachenjeza nthawi zonse, popanda kupereka zochitika za mbiri yakale, za "chiwopsezo" cha uchigawenga ndi adani ena akunja ku America, Fellman amatikumbutsa kuti chiwopsezo chenicheni chili mkati ndi mwa ife.
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Jeremy Kuzmarov ndi wothandizira pulofesa woyendera mbiri ku Bucknell komanso wolemba Nthano ya Ankhondo Oledzera.