M'mafunso aposachedwa, atafunsidwa momwe tsogolo labwino lingawonekere, Arundhati Roy adayankha ...
“Limenelo ndi funso lomwe ndikukana kuyankha. Tsogolo la munthu m'modzi kulibe, komanso chithunzi chimodzi chamtsogolo. Pali zikwi zambiri zomwe zingathe kupanga dziko kukhala laumunthu. Ndikuzindikira kuti izi ndizovuta, chifukwa omwe amalimbikitsa kudalirana kwa mayiko ali ndi chithunzi chimodzi chomveka. Masomphenya awo ali ngati mpeni wakuthwa, wonyezimira umene waikidwa pakhosi pathu. Yankho lathu silikhala ndi njira ina, yosavuta ngati yawo, koma kutsimikizira kwa chuma chamitundumitundu, mwanjira iliyonse. Pali njira zambiri zolamulira dziko, njira zosawerengeka zotetezera chilengedwe, njira zosawerengeka zokhalira munthu, njira zosawerengeka zoimirira ndi kutulutsa maganizo anu.
"Iwo amafunsa m'malo mwathu m'malo mwa neo-liberal globalization, amayembekezera yankho lankhanza komanso lopondereza ngati lomwe timakana. Sitikuyang'ana yankho limodzi. Timangopempha kuti nkhanza zomwe zikuchitika panopa zithe, kuti tipange malo atsopano a mayankho zikwi zambiri.â
Roy momveka bwino amakana masomphenya oyipa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kalabu. Chowonjezera changa ndikuti tiyeneranso kutsatira masomphenya abwino omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati yankho.
Sitikufuna masomphenya onena za njira yanga kapena msewu waukulu. Sitikufunanso masomphenya omwe ali ndi zida zopondereza. Choyamba ndi mipatuko, yomwe nthawi zambiri imaphatikizira zidziwitso zamunthu zomwe zimayikidwa pagulu. Otsatirawa ndi masomphenya owopsa, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhudza kukhulupirika ku boma laulamuliro, kuyanjana kwachikhalidwe, magawo amakampani, ndi misika kapena kukonzekera pakati.
Woyambitsa archetype pamavuto onsewa ndi a Marxist Leninist Party amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Koma vuto lachiwiri lopita kunjira yovulaza ndi ngati sitipita kulikonse. Vuto lachiwiri komanso lalikulu kwambiri, ndiko kuganiza kuti masomphenya aliwonse ndi ampatuko ndipo masomphenya aliwonse ndi ovulaza, komanso kuti kusakhala ndi masomphenya ndikwabwino.
Sitikufuna kusiyanasiyana kopanda malire pamalo aliwonse omwe tingathe. Sitifuna kuti wina aliyense akhale kapolo. Sitikufunanso kuti aliyense azilemba ntchito akapolo a malipiro. Ndiponso sitifuna kuti aliyense aziumiriza ndi kupondereza ena mwandale, kupinda, kuwomba nsalu, kuduladula ena, kugwiririra, kukana, kunyoza, kapena kupachikidwa. Chifukwa chake, chilichonse chomwe chimapita ndi lamulo losatheka komanso losagwirizana kuti mupange tsogolo labwino chifukwa zokonda za anthu osiyanasiyana zimatha kutsutsana. Sitingakhale ndi chilichonse chomwe chingapite kwa aliyense. Choncho tikufuna kuti munthu aliyense akhale ndi ufulu wofanana ndi wina aliyense.
Kukwaniritsa kuyanjana uku kwaufulu kumafuna kupeza mabungwe omwe amalimbikitsa izi. Zachidziwikire kuti anthu adzakhala m'njira zosiyanasiyana m'madera amtsogolo. Wamanzere aliyense amene amakonda njira imodzi yokhalira ndi moyo sangathe kulinganiza mayendedwe. Koma chowonadi chofananira ndi chakuti aliyense wotsalira yemwe alibe zochepa zomwe angayankhe pafunso, mukufuna chiyani, alinso ndi chiyembekezo pankhani yokonzekera mayendedwe.
Kulimbikitsa maluwa chikwi, miliyoni, kapena mabiliyoni amitundu yosiyanasiyana kuphuka ndikofunikira koma sikokwanira. Kungowerengera kupambana kumalephera kuwulula zida zofunika kuti zinthu ziyende bwino,
Poopa kukhala ampatuko amalingaliro amodzi, anthu ambiri akumanzere amasiya kukambirana za mabungwe atsopano. Iwo amachoka kukana maphwando otsogola, njira zokonzekera zopatula, ndi zisankho zachuma zomwe zimakhazikitsa gulu latsopano lolamulira, kukana kuchirikiza masomphenya amtundu uliwonse. Amasankha kukhala chete mwamasomphenya, monganso ena otsalira omwe sakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zophophonya zamagulu ndi aulamuliro amatengera masomphenya ndi zolinga zomwe zimangokhala mamapu okhawo otsogola.
Vuto ndilakuti dothi lobwera chifukwa chakukhala chete kwa masomphenya komanso utsogoleri wawo wamasomphenya lidzakhala la matenda kwambiri kotero kuti maluwa amtundu wotsatira adzakhala opapatiza.
Anthu akatifunsa chomwe mukufuna, ambiri mwa omwe amatifunsa amadziwa mozama kuti momwe zinthu zilili m'madera mwathu ndizovuta kwambiri. Vuto ndiloti, sawona njira ina iliyonse. Kumenyera nkhondo kutha kwa magulu olamulira achuma ndi mphamvu kumaoneka ngati kukuwomba mphepo. Ndikumva chisoni motsutsana ndi mphamvu yokoka. Akukonzekera motsutsana ndi zivomezi. Amatiuza kuti tikule, kukumana ndi zowona, ndi kukhala ndi moyo chifukwa tikuwoneka kuti tikuwononga nthawi yathu kugudubuza miyala kukwera mapiri kuti iphwanyidwe pamene ikubwerera pansi. Amaganiza kuti ndife opusa a zolinga zabwino, tikumadzipereka kunkhondo yopanda tanthauzo kaamba ka dziko labwinopo lomwe silidzakhalako.
Amatifunsa, mukufuna chiyani? Kuti tiyankhe mogwira mtima pamafunika kupereka chikhulupiriro chogwirizana m'mabungwe abwino ndi njira zopezera mabungwe abwinowo. Sitingathe kuthetsa kukayikira kofala ponena za zotheka m'tsogolo mwa kulankhula za kuipa kwa kupanda chilungamo komwe kulipo masiku ano. Tiyenera kulankhula za masomphenya ndi njira.
Palibe amene akuwonetsa motsutsana ndi khansa, kukalamba, kapena kulimbana ndi mphepo yamkuntho chifukwa zovuta izi ndi gawo la moyo ndipo sizingathetsedwe mwachiwonetsero. Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti anthu omwe amatifunsa, zomwe mukufuna, nthawi zambiri amawona umphawi, kusankhana mitundu, kugwiriridwa, ndi nkhondo momwe timaonera mphepo yamkuntho ndi mphamvu yokoka. Iwo amaganiza kuti kulimbana ndi kupanda chilungamo kwakukulu kuli kopanda chiyembekezo. Iwo amaganiza kuti ziyembekezo zosaoneka bwino za dziko labwino zili ngati chikhumbo cha achichepere osatha, motero n’chosayenerera nthaŵi yawo.
Roy amamveketsa bwino m'mawu ake achidule kuti kuyesa kuyankha funso, mukufuna chiyani, ndi njira yotsetsereka yofuna kukhala ndi moyo wofanana ndi kukakamiza anthu kuti azigwirizana ndi magulu. Zitha kukhala choncho, ndipo monga Roy tiyenera kutsutsa zotsatira zake, ndithudi.
Koma kufunafuna masomphenya sikuyenera kukhala mwampatuko komanso mokakamiza. Ndipo chotsutsana nacho chomwe tikuyenera kutsindika ndikuti ngati tipitilira kukana mipatuko ndikukana masomphenya oyipa kukana masomphenya onse, kusankha kwathu kumalepheretsa anthu omwe amamvetsetsa ufulu ndi kusiyanasiyana kusankha zomwe akufuna, zomwe zidzasiya ngati masomphenya kapena mawu opanda pake. , zomwe sizimangirira mayendedwe mopitilira gawo laling'ono, kapena choyipa kwambiri, Leninist wolamulira ndi masomphenya ogwirizanitsa, zomwe zingasokoneze kuthekera kwa kayendetsedwe kake kapena kubweretsa zotsatira zoyipa.
Ndiyenera kunena kuti sindikuganiza kuti pali mitundu ingapo ya zosankha zamagulu pamlingo wofotokozera mabungwe. Sindikuganiza, mwachitsanzo, kuti pakhala ngakhale madozeni awiri ocheperapo kapena masauzande a njira zofotokozera njira zodziwira zikhalidwe zakusinthana kwachuma m'dziko linalake, ngakhalenso m'maiko onse, tikakhala m'dziko labwinoko. .
Koma kaya pakakhala dziko labwinoko pamakhala machitidwe osiyanasiyana ogawa ndi zina zofotokozera maubale a mabungwe m'maiko amodzi kapena m'maiko onse, kapena limodzi lokha, kunena kwathu kuti tikungofuna mwayi wosankha zosankha zosiyanasiyana komanso kusapereka chithunzi chilichonse chodalirika chomwe chingalimbikitse. ufulu wa anthu wobwerezabwereza, sudzatsimikizira aliyense kuti pali njira ina yabwino yopezera misika, kufunafuna phindu, magawo amakampani, ndi zina zonse.
Ndizodzipha kwa anthu omwe ali odana ndi ulamuliro komanso omwe amakonda kusiyanasiyana komanso osamala za chilungamo ndi kudzilamulira kuti asiye ntchito yofotokozera mabungwe atsopano kwa iwo omwe sakana kwambiri zampatuko ndi ulamuliro wankhanza. Kuonjezera apo, ndizodabwitsa kwambiri kuchita izi mwachikhulupiriro chowona koma chosokonezeka kuti kupereka masomphenya mwachibadwa kumatanthauza kukana kusiyana kapena ufulu.
Roy amafotokoza momveka bwino malingaliro a ena ambiri, kuphatikiza inenso, kuti ngati cholinga akufuna dziko lomwe anthu angafufuze ndikuwonetsa zomwe akufuna komanso zomwe angathe. Koma kukwaniritsa cholingacho kumafuna kupeza mabungwe odziwika bwino omwe amapereka dothi lazotsatira zomwe mukufuna. Kunena kuti tikufuna ufulu wamitundumitundu, popanda kulimbikitsa anthu kuti akhazikitse ndikukhala ndi masomphenya a zomwe mabungwe angayambitse ndikusunga ufuluwo nthawi zambiri zidzakhala zosiyana ndendende ndi zomwe ndimaganiza kuti ndizochita za Roy ndi anthu ena.
Kulimbana ndi demokalase pakati pazapakati ndi kuganiza mokhazikika ndikukonzekera zocheperako kugawikana kwamakampani ogwira ntchito, malipiro otuluka kapena mphamvu, ndi misika kapena mapulani apakati - sikuyenera kukana masomphenya kwathunthu, koma, m'malo mwake, kupereka masomphenya. njira zina zomwe ndi zosinthika komanso zaufulu moona mtima pazolinga zawo.
Kulankhulana ndi anthu aku Argentina, mwachitsanzo, m'malo awo antchito ndi m'misonkhano yathu yomwe ife otsalira timafuna chuma kapena ndale momwe mulibe malire, koma osapereka china chilichonse chokhudza zomwe tingachite kuti tithane ndi misika ndikuchotsa ndikuwongolera makampani. kugawikana kwa ntchito ndi kulipira moyenera kuti ntchito zachuma zitheke m'njira zatsopano m'malo mobwerera m'machitidwe akale, zidzasiya njira yowonekera kwa otsalira akale kuti azilamulira zokambirana ndi kuponda zikhumbo ndi zolinga zolakwika.
Omenyera ufulu waku Argentina omwe amaganiza za izi, akutenga zigawenga zawo monga momwe zilili pano, amadziwa bwino kuti sipadzakhala dziko la Argentina lomwe lili ndi mafotokozedwe ambiri a machitidwe azachuma, mafotokozedwe ambiri azinthu, kutanthauzira kosiyanasiyana momveka bwino. njira zamalipiro ndi magawo a ntchito. Sipadzakhala chilichonse chokhudza kufotokozera mabungwe. Pali chuma komanso ndale, ndipo izi zidzakhala ndi malingaliro otakata komanso mafotokozedwe omwe angakhudze zosankha za moyo ku Argentina konse.
Ngati zomangazo zili zabwino kwambiri, pamwamba padzakhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu yomwe Roy amakondwerera. Koma ngati tinyalanyaza kufotokozera zofunikira zomwe zingayambitse kusiyanasiyana ndi ufulu, mwina sipadzakhala masomphenya oterowo m'mlengalenga ndipo zopindula zidzabwereranso ku machitidwe akale a capitalist, kapena padzakhala zoipa (Leninist, coordinator) Zolinga m'mlengalenga ndipo zopindula zitha kubwerera m'mbuyo chifukwa chosowa chithandizo chakusintha kwaulamuliro, kapena zidzapita patsogolo m'machitidwe omwe nzika zambiri zitha kuchita mantha nazo, kuphatikiza ife.
Chifukwa chake anthu akakufunsani chomwe mukufuna-yankho lathu liyenera kukhala ufulu, chilungamo, mgwirizano, chikondi, ukadaulo, kusiyanasiyana, kudziwongolera, chifundo, ndi china chilichonse chomwe tikufuna… kumanga.
Koma yankho lathu liyeneranso kulimbikitsa mabungwe atsopano omwe amalimbikitsa m'malo mochepetsa zotsatira zabwino zotere. Sitiyenera kungokana umwini waumwini, misika, magawo a ntchito, malipiro a katundu kapena mphamvu, maulamuliro olamulira a ndale, makonzedwe okhudzana ndi kugonana ndi mabanja, kusankhana mitundu ndi chikhalidwe chofanana, ndi zina zotero. mabungwe omwe asankha zomveka komanso zomveka kuti zitenge malo awo.
Timafunikira masomphenya kuti tithane ndi kusuliza ndi kupereka chiyembekezo komanso kuwongolera njira zathu kuti zitsogolere ku zomwe timafuna. kukangana ndi kugawana zopeza. Imeneyi ndi njira yoti kusiyanasiyana komanso mgwirizano, chilungamo, ndi kudzilamulira zikhale bwino.