Ndikuganiza kuti ndapeza zomwe ndimadana nazo za magulu a "macheza amitundu" omwe akuwoneka kuti akufalikira m'dziko lonselo masiku ano.
Ayi, si kudzudzula kopitilira muyeso komwe kumakonda kukhala zolankhula zonse ndi kuchitapo kanthu pang'ono: pambuyo pake, kuthekera kwathu kuchitapo kanthu kuti tithetse kusamvana pakati pa mitundu kumafunikira kuti timvetsetse zomwe tikukumana nazo, ndi zokambirana-ngakhale osudzulidwa osachitapo kanthu mwachindunji. choyamba - ikhoza kukhala poyambira yothandiza pamtundu wotere.
Ndipo ayi, sizowona kuti nthawi zambiri zokambirana zotere zimatsitsidwa "zikondwerero zamitundumitundu," pomwe ophunzira amalimbikitsidwa kugwirana chanza mocheperapo, kuyimba kumbaya ndikumva kuwawa komwe kulipo kwa wina ndi mnzake. Kupatula apo, zovuta monga momwe zokambirana zamtunduwu zingakhalire, nthawi zonse pali kuthekera kuti odzipereka odzipereka amatha kukankhira zokambiranazo mwanjira yopatsa chidwi komanso yosasangalatsa (koma yofunikira), ngati komanso tikatenga nawo mbali m'magulu a zokambirana; kotero ngakhale icho sichinthu chachikulu kwambiri.
M'malo mwake, ndikuganiza kuti vuto, kwa ine - ndipo ndi limodzi la anthu ambiri achikuda omwe ndidakambirana nawo za nkhaniyi - ndichinthu chomwe chimanenedwa koyambirira kwa magawo a zokambiranazi, ngakhale anthu asanakhalepo. anayambitsa, ndi amene amaika kamvekedwe kwa njira yonse; kamvekedwe ka mawu otsutsana ndi nkhani yofunika yomwe ili pafupi.
Ndi chinthu chomwe owerenga ambiri adzachidziwa nthawi yomweyo, malinga ngati adatengapo gawo mu chimodzi mwazinthu izi m'mbuyomu: ndi gawo lomwe wotsogolera zokambirana akunena zina ndi zotsatira zake: amamasuka kufotokoza maganizo awo popanda kuopa kunyozedwa kapena kunyozedwa chifukwa cha zikhulupiriro zawo.โ
Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri safotokozedwa momveka bwino, malangizowa okhudza kufunika kwa chitetezo pafupifupi nthawi zonse amakhala okhudza kupangitsa azungu kukhala otetezeka. Kupatula apo, anthu amitundu samakhala otetezeka kukambilana za mtundu pakati pa anthu omwe ali mgulu lalikulu, ndipo ndizokayikitsa kuti chiganizo chosavuta choyitanitsa chikhalidwe cha anthu chingasinthe izi.
Anthu akuda ndi a bulauni amadziwa kuti mpikisano ndi nkhani yovuta, komabe amakambirana zamtundu (kaya mwamwambo kapena mwamwayi) kuti apulumuke: ayenera kutero, otetezeka kapena ayi, chifukwa njira ina ndiyo kupitiriza kunyalanyaza nkhaniyo. zomwe ndi zofunika kwambiri kwa moyo wawo watsiku ndi tsiku.
Komano, azungu mโmagulu okambitsiranawa, nthawi zambiri amakhala ongochita zinthu mongoyerekezera. Amanjenje, akuwopa kunena zolakwa, ndi wotsimikiza kuti anthu amtundu adzawakalipira chifukwa cha lilime lawo, azungu kaลตirikaลตiri amakhalabe mโchigoba pamene zokambirana za mafuko ziyamba.
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe otsogolera nthawi zambiri amapita kukapanga "chitetezo". Iwo akuyembekeza kuti azungu atenga nawo mbali moona mtima ngati atatsimikiziridwa kuti anthu akuda sadzawaukira chifukwa cha umbuli wawo.
Kudetsa nkhaลตa koteroko, ndithudi, n'kopanda pake, kubwera monga momwe kumachitira kuchokera kwa mamembala amphamvu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ndikutanthauza tsopano, kodi ife, monga azungu timakhulupirira kuti pali gulu lirilonse pa Dziko Lapansi lomwe ndi lotetezeka kuposa ife? Kodi moona mtima timaganiza kuti anthu amtundu amatha kulumphira abulu athu mumisonkhano yoyendetsedwa bwino? Kodi tikuganiza kuti achita chiyani? Tipeni chifukwa cha Mulungu?
Ngati mukufuna kuwona zoyera zamtunduwu zikugwira ntchito, khalani m'chipinda chodzaza ndi azungu omwe akuwonera zolemba zotsutsana ndi kukondera, The Colour of Fear, ndipo muwona zomwe ndikutanthauza.
Pamene akuyang'ana chochitika chimodzi makamaka, pamene m'modzi mwa anthu akuda mu gulu la zokambirana amapita kwa mmodzi mwa oyerawo (atatha kupirira zochulukirapo, "aliyense akhoza kuchita ngati ayesa" kupusa kumbali ya womaliza), azungu amakana munthu wakuda wokwiya, Victor Lewis, ngati kuti amayembekeza moona mtima kuti adzalumphira pawindo ndi kuwapachika pomwe akhala.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti panthawi yonseyi, munthu yekhayo yemwe anali pachiwopsezo anali Victor Lewis mwiniwake, yemwe adadziwa kuti mkwiyo wake ungamuwonetse ngati "Negro wokwiya" m'malingaliro mwa owonera ambiri.
Ndipo ndiye mfundo yake: ngakhale muzokambirana zamitundu iyi, azungu amakhala anthu otetezeka kwambiri m'chipindamo. Ndi anthu akuda ndi a bulauni omwe amakhala pachiwopsezo chowonedwa ngati "okhudzidwa kwambiri," "otengeka kwambiri," kapena zina zotere, pomwe azungu amatha kukhutitsidwa ndi chikhulupiriro choti ndife odekha, amutu komanso oganiza bwino, ziribe kanthu kuti zimene timanena zingakhale zopanda pake bwanji.
M'mawu ena, kutengeka mtima kwa azungu ndi chitetezo ndiye chinthu chodabwitsa kwambiri chifukwa chakuti kusankhana mitundu ndi mwayi wathu zimatiteteza ku ziweruzo zankhanza zomwe nthawi zonse zimaperekedwa kwa anthu amitundu. Komabe timamamatira kwa izo mu njira zomwe ziri zonse zopusa ndi zoposa pang'ono zosayenerera; ndithudi kufufuza kwathu kwa chitetezo, tisanalole ngakhale kukambirana za tsankho, tisalole kuti titsutse, ndiko kuwonetsera kwakukulu kwa mwayi wa azungu m'njira zambiri.
Miyezi ingapo yapitayo, ndikupita ku msonkhano wachisanu wa White Privilege Conference, ku Pella, Iowa (malo abwino kwambiri a msonkhano wotere, ndi chochitika chodabwitsa chaka chilichonse), phunziro ili linayendetsedwa kunyumba ndi kumveka kosokoneza.
Patsiku lomaliza la msonkhanowo, opezekapo adayenera kuthandizidwa, malinga ndi momwe munthu akuonera, pamwambo waukulu wa nkhomaliro ndi Morris Dees, woyambitsa nawo (komanso phungu wamkulu wa) Southern Poverty Law Center, ku Montgomery, Alabama.
Bungwe la SPLC, monga momwe omwe anali pamsonkhanowo adadziwira, komanso monga momwe owerenga ambiri adziwira, ndi bungwe lomwe, kwa zaka zingapo, lakhala likulimbana ndi a Neo-Nazi ndi a Klansmen osiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri amalephera kutseka ntchito zawo zonse kapena mwinamwake kuwapundula mโzachuma. Pakadali pano, zili bwino.
Ndipo komabe, kwa ambiri pamsonkhanowu, mawonekedwe a Dees adawoneka ngati ovuta.
Kumbali ina, pali nkhani yoti munthu woteroyo alankhulepo kapena ayi pa msonkhano wamwayi wa azungu, popeza kuti kukamba nkhaniyo sikukhudzana kwenikweni ndi ntchito yake kapena ntchito ya gulu lake. Pambuyo pake, kumenyana ndi anthu omwe amasankhana mitundu, ngakhale kuli koyenera, sikuli kofanana ndi kulimbana ndi tsankho lamagulu ndi maonekedwe a maonekedwe oyera omwe amanyoza chilungamo ndi chilungamo tsiku ndi tsiku, kapena opanda mitanda yoyaka kapena khungu pa chithunzichi.
Ndiye palinso nkhani ya kubwereza kwa apo ndi apo kwa SPLC: monga momwe amatumizira makalata opezera ndalama pamndandanda wawo wamakalata, kutanthauza kuti ntchito zawo zidzavutikira popanda kuthandizidwa ndi ndalama, ngakhale atakhala pamwamba pa $ 100 miliyoni: more kuposa ndalama zokwanira zogwirira ntchito zawo kosatha, popanda ndalama zina zomwe zimachokera ku mabanja omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ndalama.
Ndiye palinso bizinesi yokhudzana ndi "kulolerana," yomwe ikuwoneka ngati mawu omwe Center amawakonda kwambiri, monga muzolemba zawo za "kulekerera pakuphunzitsa" kwa aphunzitsi a pulaimale ndi sekondale ndi makalasi. Monga otsutsa ambiri aona, kulolerana ndi njira yofooka kwambiri, powona momwe kumatanthauza pang'ono kuposa kulolera wina, kuwalola kukhala ndi moyo tsiku lina, kapena kupeลตa kuwotcha nyumba kapena tchalitchi chawo, koma osati zina.
Koma monga momwe nkhawa izi zinalili, ndipo zili choncho, palibe chomwe chidavutitsa anthu ambiri omwe adapezeka pamsonkhano uno.
Mโmalo mwake, chimene chinadetsa nkhaลตa ambiri aife chinali mphekesera zimene zinayamba kufalikira pa tsiku loyamba la chochitika cha masiku anayiwo, ponena kuti Dees anafunikira chisungiko champhamvu monga chidziลตitso cha maonekedwe ake, kuphatikizapo apolisi okhala ndi zida. Kuonjezera apo, pamakhala kufufuza kwa zikwama ndi zikwama zomwe zimabwera pamalowa.
Kunena zoona, ndinadziwa kuti imeneyi sinali mphekesera chabe. Nditalankhula m'makoleji makumi asanu kapena kuposerapo komwe Dees adawonetsanso, ndauzidwa mobwerezabwereza kuti nthawi iliyonse akamalankhula, matumba amafufuzidwa ndipo amapanga zomwezo: Palibe apolisi, palibe chiwonetsero, mapeto a nkhani. Ndichofunikira chomwe chimawoneka ngati wokwera wamtundu uliwonse mumgwirizano uliwonse wamaphunziro olembedwa kwa Dees, woyikidwa mwina mwa kukakamira kwake kapena kwa SPLC.
Ndipo pamene kuli kowona kuti Dees (monga ambiri amene amalimbana ndi tsankho) moyo wake unali pachiwopsezo, nโzoonanso kuti anthu amitundu yosiyanasiyana amalimbana ndi tsankho tsiku ndi tsiku, opanda chiyembekezo cha chisungiko ndi kumva china chilichonse koma ali ndi kuyenera kwa alonda.
Momwemo, ambiri a ife pamsonkhanowo tinamva ngati kuti Dees ayenera kuyang'anizana ndi malingaliro ake owoneka kuti ali ndi kuyenera; kuganiza kwake kuti mwanjira ina ali ndi kuyenera kwa kukhala wosungika pamene akugwira ntchito imene ena ayenera kuchita kuti apulumuke.
Vutoli silinakhale lofunikira chifukwa Morris ndi wolakwika mwapadera, kapena amalakalaka kwambiri mawonekedwe ake amwayi oyera. Zoonadi mzungu aliyense amene anabwera ku Pella kumsonkhanowo anali wokhoza kutenga mopepuka kuti tidzalumikizana, kulandiridwa ndi kulandiridwa, ndipo potsirizira pake otetezeka, mosiyana ndi anthu amtundu.
M'malo mwake, vuto linali lofunika chifukwa unali msonkhano wamwayi kwa azungu, ndipo imodzi mwa mfundo zodana ndi tsankho ndi kuchititsa ogwirizana ndi azungu kukhala ndi mlandu, makamaka tikamawononga mosadziwa, kapena kugwera m'machitidwe akale omwe angalimbikitse utsogoleri wamitundu. ndi kusagwirizana kwa mphamvu.
Osanenapo, panali vuto linalake loti Dees amatembenukira ku mitundu yankhondo yachitetezo yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu kwa anthu amitundu: mwachitsanzo, apolisi okhala ndi mfuti. Ngakhale azungu ambiri amatha kukhala omasuka ndi anthu oterowo, ziyenera kuonekeratu kuti kwa anthu amitundu yosiyanasiyana, kupezeka kwa apolisi ndi chikwama chosakanikirana, chabwino.
Ndipo kotero ine ndinafunsa funso.
Komabe chifukwa adadziwitsidwa pasadakhale funso lomwe likubwera, Dees nthawi yomweyo adanditchinjiriza ndikuyimirira kutsogolo kwa maikolofoni, ndipo adakana kulola kukhazikitsidwa koyenera kwa funsolo: gawo lomwe ndimayika Kudzimva kuti ndili ndi ufulu m'njira zomwe ine ndi ena omenyera ufulu wachizungu timaziona mopepuka.
Chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwake, komanso kusokonezeka kowonekera, ndinakakamizika kuthamangitsa. Tsoka ilo, izi zidapangitsa kuti kusinthanitsa kuwonekere ngati mpikisano wokangana pakati pa anyamata awiri oyera omwe akuyesera "kuthandizana" wina ndi mnzake, kuposa kutsutsa kovomerezeka kwa munthu yemwe amawonedwa ndi ambiri ngati ngwazi yamtundu wina.
Mfundo inali kutsutsa osati a Dees, koma azungu mwa omvera, kuti adzifunse kuti zikutanthauza chiyani kuti mzungu wochita ntchitoyi a) adzatha kufunafuna chitetezo ndikuchilandira; b) amamva kuti ali ndi ufulu wokhala ndi chitetezo chimenecho monga choyambira chake pogwira ntchitoyo, ndi c) osaganiza chilichonse chogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zomwe, kwa anthu ambiri amtundu, ndiye vuto, osati njira yothetsera ngozi.
Mfundo ndi yakuti, dziko lino silotetezeka kwa anthu amitundu. Masukulu ake sali otetezeka; makwalala ake sali otetezeka; malo ake antchito sali otetezeka; machitidwe ake azaumoyo sali otetezeka. Nanga nโcifukwa ciani mโmoto wa helo azungu ayenela kuona kuti tili ndi ufulu wopeza cinthu cacikuluโpa nkhani imeneyi, citetezoโcimene anthu amitundu ina sanakhalepo?
Ndipo likuti chiyani ponena za ife kuti timadera nkhaลตa kwambiri za chisungiko kotero kuti mowona mtima timaoneka kuti sitingathe kugwira ntchitoyo pokhapokha ngati tatsimikiziridwa kuti ndife otetezeka? Kaya ndi Morris Dees, kapena azungu omwe ali mu msonkhano kufunafuna chitetezo kuti avule miyoyo yathu, kulira, kapena zoyipa zotere.
Momwe Dees adayankhira vutolo, ngakhale kuti mfundoyo sinali yophunzitsa. Zinali ngati kuti sanafunsidwepo funsolo nโkomwe; zomwe ziri zochititsa mantha osati chifukwa cha zomwe akunena za iye koma zomwe zikusonyeza za omvera ake ndi anthu omwe adazizungulira.
Ndi iko komwe, kodi munthu sangaone bwanji zotsutsana za mzungu amene akugwira ntchito yodana ndi tsankho kukhala zotetezedwa kuposa anthu amtundu uliwonse omwe amachitanso chimodzimodzi?
Ngakhale anthu ena odziwika bwino omwe ali ndi ufulu wachibadwidwe, monga Jesse Jackson kapena Julian Bond, atha kukhala ndi chitetezo chapanthawi ndi nthawi pozungulira iwo, sichikhala cholimba ngati cha Dees. Sipamakhala maofesala asanu ndi atatu okhala ndi zida, mlonda waumwini, ndi kusecha zikwama pakhomo. Ngakhale a Louis Farrakhan amadzizungulira ndi mamembala ake omwe amachokera ku Zipatso za Chisilamu, osati mfuti zaganyu ndi apolisi osagwira ntchito.
Zomwe azungu achifundo ayenera kumvetsetsa ndikuti kumenyera chilungamo sikukhala kotetezeka. Ndiponso sichingapangidwe chotero; Komanso chitetezo sichiyenera kufunidwa makamaka.
Panthaลตi imodzimodziyo, monga azungu, timatetezedwa kwambiri pantchito imeneyi kuposa anthu ena onse padziko lapansi. Ndife ocheperako pachiwopsezo, kuchokera kwa apolisi, kwa olemba anzawo ntchito, kwa aphunzitsi, ngakhalenso amisala monga momwe Dees amawopa, kuposa momwe anthu amitundu alili. Sitiyenera kuchita mantha poopa kuti kulimbana ndi kusankhana mitundu kungaike miyoyo yathu pachiwopsezo (umene ndi uthenga wina woyipa wa gulu lachitetezo la Dees umatumiza), kapena kuyesa kutetezedwa makamaka pogwira ntchito yofunika kuchitidwa.
Kudzifufuza tokha, kupeลตa kubwerezedwa kwa mwayi ngati n'kotheka, ndikukhalabe oyankha kwa anthu omwe akukhudzidwa ndi tsankho ndizo mfundo zazikuluzikulu za khalidwe la azungu odana ndi tsankho; ndipo ife amene tikuchita nawo nkhondoyi kaลตirikaลตiri timawanyalanyaza. Morris Dees ndi chitsanzo chodziwika bwino cha vutoli, ngakhale sali yekha.
Malingana ngati tikuyankha modzitchinjiriza pamene tikutsutsidwa pa mfundo iyi, malinga ngati tikukana kuvomereza zolakwa zathu, kapena kuvomereza kuti zochita zathu zimatanthauza zambiri kuposa mawu athu, sitingayenere kuganiziridwa ngati ogwirizana, sitidzayenerera. khalani okamba nkhani pamisonkhano yokhudzana ndi tsankho, ndipo ndithudi sitiyenera kupitiriza kulandira ndalama pa ife ndi mabungwe athu.
Tim Wise ndi wolemba nkhani wotsutsana ndi tsankho, wophunzitsa komanso bambo. Iye akhoza kufikiridwa pa [imelo ndiotetezedwa]. Blog yake imapezeka pa http://blog.zmag.org/wordwise. Imelo yaudani, ngakhale ilibe kuyamikiridwa kapena kufunidwa, idzasankhidwa malinga ndi mawonekedwe, zomwe zili, galamala ndi chiyambi.