Mukawerenga nkhaniyi, akaidi a ndale aku Kurd adzafika ku 50th + masiku owonjezereka akumenyedwa ndi njala kuti apitirizebe mpaka kalekale kufikira zokhumba zawo ziwiri zazikulu zitakwaniritsidwa. Awa ndi masiku ovuta pakunyanyala njala popanda malire, chifukwa akaidiwo akhoza kuvulazidwa kwamuyaya m'thupi komanso m'maganizo. Kumbali ina, mazana a akaidi ena andale aku Kurd atenga nawo mbali kugulu lankhondo lanjala. Pamene njala ikupitirirabe mโndende pafupifupi khumi, timawerenga mโmanyuzipepala ena kuti anthu ena onyanyala ntchito amawatsekera mโndende ndipo saloledwa kukhala ndi vitamini B1 yemwe ndi wofunika kwambiri kuti atetezere thanzi lawo. Komanso boma la Turkey, kuphwanya Declaration of Malta on Hunger Strikes (2006), sanalole koma kufufuza paokha za vuto la njala omenya 'zaumoyo ndi Turkey Physicians Association. Pakadali pano a Kurds akuchita misonkhano, zionetsero, zolengeza atolankhani ndikuchita ziwonetsero zanjala pofuna kuthandizira zomwe akaidi andale amafunikira makamaka ku Kurdish kumwera chakum'mawa kwa dzikolo. Amathandizidwa ndi mabungwe omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe, zipani za Socialist zomwe zimagwirizana ndi gulu la ndale la Kurdish komanso ma NGO omwe akupita patsogolo.
Kodi zofuna za akaidi a ndale aku Kurd ndi chiyani ndipo zawapangitsa kuti ayambe kunyanyala kudya popanda malire?
Zofuna za Akaidi andale aku Kurdish
Opitilira 750 akaidi andale aku Kurd akunyanyala njala kuyambira masiku 48 pazifukwa ziwiri zofunika: Choyamba ndi chakuti, boma la Turkey liyenera kuthetsa mfundo yodzipatula yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa Abdullah รcalan, mtsogoleri wa gulu la ndale la Kurdish ku Turkey. A. รcalan analamulidwa kukhala mโndende kwa moyo wake wonse ndipo wakhala mโndende yayekha pachilumba china kuyambira mu 1999. Koma zinthu zinafika poipa chifukwa saloledwa kukumana ndi maloya ake kwa miyezi 14 yapitayi. A. รcalan, monga mtsogoleri wa gulu lalikulu la anthu aku Kurd ku Turkey, angathandize kwambiri kuthetsa nkhondo yapachiweniweni yomwe yakhala ikuchitika kwa zaka 28 pakati pa zigawenga za PKK (Kurdistan Workers Party) ndi asilikali a Turkey. yawononga pafupifupi miyoyo 50,000. Chifukwa chake ayenera kukumana ndi maloya ake, ayenera kukhala ndi mwayi wodziwa zambiri zokhudzana ndi ndale ku Turkey ndipo zikhalidwe zake ziyenera kuchepetsedwa kuti athe kutenga nawo mbali pazokambirana zamtendere. Gulu la aku Kurd ku Turkey pamapeto pake likufuna kuti zokambirana zamtendere zomwe zidalephereka miyezi 14 yapitayo chifukwa cholephera kwa boma kuchita zomwe mbali zonse zidagwirizana.
Chofunikira chachiwiri cha akaidi andale ndi chokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo cha Chikurdi m'makhothi komanso pophunzitsa anthu. Oposa 10,000 omenyera ndale aku Kurd, andale, mameya osankhidwa mwademokalase, mamembala a gulu la Kurdish Peace and Democracy Party, BDP, amangidwa zaka zitatu zapitazi ndipo akuzengedwa mlandu m'makhothi omwe amatchedwa "makhothi apadera", makhothi apadera. "milandu yachigawenga". Saloledwa kudziteteza mโchinenero chawo. Chifukwa chake amafuna kuti kugwiritsa ntchito Chikudishi kukhale kwaufulu pamisonkhano. Ndipo amafunanso kuti maphunziro a anthu onse m'chinenero cha Kurdish (mosiyana ndi chiphunzitso cha Kurdish m'maphunziro ena osankhidwa) ayenera kuperekedwa ndi dziko la Turkey.
Kungakhale Njala Yoyamba M'mbiri Yapadziko Lonse Yamtendere ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Lilime la Mayiko Pagulu
Zingawoneke zachilendo pang'ono poyang'ana nkhonya kuti mazana a akaidi a ndale adanyanyala njala kuti akwaniritse gawo loyamba lofunikira kuti zokambirana zamtendere pakati pa PKK ndi akuluakulu a boma ziyambe - kuchotsa kudzipatula kwa A. รcalan.
Monga momwe munthu aliyense wololera ku Turkey amavomereza, ngakhale chilengezo chovomerezeka ndi boma chosonyeza mozama kuti zokambirana zapakati pa magulu awiri zingayambitse kutha kwa PKK ndikukhazikitsa njira yothetsera mtendere pa funso la Chikurdi. ku Turkey zomwe zidawononga miyoyo yambiri komanso kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa moyo wa anthu aku Turkey. Choncho kunyanyala njala komwe kungathe kupha akaidi ambiri a ndale ngati boma likupitiriza kunyalanyaza zofuna zawo ndi cholinga cha mtendere; ndiko kuti, kuthetsa imfa za mazana a asilikali ndi zigawenga.
Kufuna kwina, kudziteteza pamaso pa khoti m'chinenero chawo komanso kuphunzira maphunziro a Chikurdi kungawoneke ngati zachilendo ngati zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu ambiri azivutika ndi njala pamene mazana ambiri akaidi andale akuika miyoyo yawo pachiswe. Nanga ndi chifukwa chiyani zofunidwa izi zomwe ziyenera kukhala nkhani zankhondo zandale zakhazikika zakhala zolinga zakunyanyala njala? Mwina kungoona mwachidule zochitika zandale zimene zachitika mโzaka zaposachedwapa ku Turkey kungakhale kothandiza.
Chifukwa Analibe Njira Zina ...
Chisankho chomaliza cha Turkey chinachitika mu June, 2011. Oimira a PKK ndi akuluakulu akuluakulu a bungwe la Turkey Intelligence Service (MIT) adakumana kangapo zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu zisanachitike zisankho kuti akambirane njira zofunika kwambiri zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi maphwando onse awiri ngati zofunika za zotheka kukambirana mtendere. Misonkhano imeneyo inadziwika pamene zolemba zina zatulutsidwa pa intaneti mu June 2011. Prime Minister ndi mtsogoleri wa chipani cholamulira (Justice and Development Party, AKP) R. Tayyip Erdogan pambuyo pake adavomereza kuti adayimba mlandu kwa undersecretary wake, wamkulu wamkulu wa MIT, pamisonkhano imeneyo ndipo adanena kuti akuluakulu a intelligence anasiya kukumana ndi oimira PKK chifukwa boma lake silinakhulupirire kuti PKK inali yowona mtima.
Komabe atsogoleri a PKK adalengeza kuti pamisonkhano yomaliza mu 2011, pamene chisankho chikubwera, mbali zonse ziwiri zagwirizana pazovuta zazikuluzikulu ndipo panthawiyo ankaganiza kuti vuto la Kurdish linali pafupi kuthetsedwa.
Zomwe zikuwoneka kuti ndi choncho, tikawunika zomwe zilipo ndikuwunika zomwe boma la Turkey likuchita pambuyo pake, boma la Turkey ndi ntchito zanzeru zidachotsa nthumwi za PKK ndi malonjezo ena, kuchedwetsa masitepe omaliza ndikungofuna kupeza nthawi. ndi cholinga choteteza zisankho potsimikizira a PKK kuti athetse nkhondo.
Izi zikuwoneka kuti ndi zotsimikiza mtima kuyambira pomwe zisankho zazikulu zitatha (June, 2011) pomwe AKP idapambana pafupifupi 50% ya mavoti ndipo motero idayamba kulamulira ndi chithandizo champhamvu chodziwika bwino, mfundo zake zokhudzana ndi nkhani yaku Kurdish zidasintha kwambiri. Tiyeni tione zimene zinachitikadi.
Pepala Loyenera Kuwonetsa Mtundu "Wofewa" wa Fascism ku Turkey
Ku Turkey, chifukwa cha "lamulo lodana ndi zigawenga" lomwe likugwira ntchito kuyambira 2006, oimira boma ndi "makhothi apadera" amatha kumanga ndikuweruza pafupifupi aliyense amene akukumana ndi nkhani yaku Kurdish kuti akhale m'ndende zazikulu ngati zaka 10-15 ndi zina zambiri.
Kuchita nawo chionetsero chamtendere kuyitanitsa njira yamtendere ku vuto la Chikurdi, ku chilengezo cha atolankhani chopempha kuchotsa kudzipatula komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mtsogoleri waku Kurdish A. รcalan, polankhula pamsonkhano m'malo mwa ufulu wa Kurds, kukhala membala komanso wotsutsa BDP (Chipani cha Kurdish Peace and Democracy Party) paudindo uliwonse kuyambira pamwamba kupita paudindo, kukhala meya wosankhidwa wa mzinda kapena tawuni yaku Kurdishโฆ milandu yauchigawenga ndi chilango chachikulu cha ukaidi.
Chifukwa chake, chifukwa cha ntchito za apolisi zomwe zikupitilira kuyambira 2009, koma zidakula kwambiri pambuyo pa zisankho za June 2011, omenyera ufulu waku Kurd ndi ndale opitilira 10,000 atsekeredwa m'ndende. Anthu amenewa sanachite nawo nkhondo iliyonse yachiwawa kapena yankhondo.
Mwa akaidiwa pali mameya ambiri osankhidwa, ena mwa iwo omwe anali mameya akale a mizinda ikuluikulu yaku Kurdish ngati Van komanso mamembala ochulukirapo a makhonsolo am'matauni osiyanasiyana aku Kurdish.
Pafupifupi maloya onse a A. รcalan anaikidwa m'ndende mu November 2011 ndi mlandu wothandizira "gulu lachigawenga", ndiko kuti, PKK.
Pali atolankhani pafupifupi 76 omwe ali m'ndende malinga ndi lipoti laposachedwa la Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) ndipo ambiri mwa iwo adamangidwa panthawi yomwe apolisi amalimbana ndi atolankhani aku Kurd mu Disembala 2012.
Pali ophunzira opitilira 700 omwe ali m'ndende malinga ndi lipoti la Initiative of Solidarity with Arrested Student (TODI) ndipo ambiri aiwo ndi ophunzira achikudi.
***
Ndizodziwikiratu kuti zisankho za June 2011 zidasintha kwambiri mfundo za AKP. Prime Minister RT Erdogan ndi oyang'anira ena apamwamba a chipani cholamulira cha AKP adasankha kuti agwirizane ndi dongosolo lachikale la Turkey lopondereza komanso lokonda kwambiri dziko ngakhale kale anali Asilamu otsutsa. Pazaka khumi za AKP paulamuliro, mtundu wina wa oligarchy watsopano unakula womwe unali wokonzeka kukhala gawo la boma loponderezali. Oligarchy imeneyi yopangidwa ndi anthu ongotukuka kumene, ena mwa iwo amene ayamba kale kukhala mabungwe aakulu, a makampani amphamvu a zoulutsira nkhani, a gulu lovutirapo la zokonda ndi zochirikizira ndi ena akudziko otchedwa โmipatuko yachipembedzoโ akukhala akatswiri atsopano opondereza mwamwambo. ndi zida za dziko. Idatengera mfundo zoyambira za dziko la Turkey ndikuyamba kuwateteza kwa aku Kurds, zipembedzo zazing'ono ngati Alawites, magulu ena osankhidwa mwamwambo, ogwira ntchito, anthu osauka ndi magawo ena opanda mwayi amtundu wa Turkey.
Ndondomeko zopondereza za chipani cholamulira zimaperekedwanso kwa ogwira ntchito komanso omenyera ufulu waku Kurd. Gulu la ogwira ntchito likuponderezedwa kwambiri kumlingo womwe sunachitikepo ndipo mabungwe ogwira ntchito amalandidwa mphamvu zawo zokonzekera ndi kusintha kosiyanasiyana kwa malamulo omwe alipo. Kunyanyala kwaposachedwa kwa ogwira ntchito m'ndege kudapangitsa kusintha koletsa kunyalanyazidwa kwa kayendetsedwe ka ndege komanso kuthamangitsa ogwira ntchito opitilira 400 omwe adanyanyala ndi mameseji.
Makamaka mโzaka zingapo zapitazi anthu aku Kurd ndi owaimira awo a ndale anamanidwa njira zonse zochitira zionetsero zandale. Chiwonetsero chilichonse komanso ziwonetsero zidaponderezedwa mwankhanza ndipo ambiri aku Kurds adavulazidwa kwambiri ndikumwalira.
Chifukwa chake kuponderezana koopsa kwa boma kumeneku kunasiya njira ziwiri zokha kwa omenyera ufulu wachikurdi: mwina kuikidwa m'ndende ndikuzengedwa milandu yayikulu kapena kuchita nawo zigawenga zaku Kurdish.
Tsopano zikuwoneka kwa ine kuti akaidi a ndale omwe akunyanyala kudya akuyesera kutsegula njira yatsopano yomenyera ndale zovomerezeka ndi zamtendere. Akufunika mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansiโฆ
ZNetwork imalandira ndalama kudzera mu kuwolowa manja kwa owerenga ake.
Ndalama