As Israeli voters went to the polls, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu declared he would oppose the creation of a Palestinian state. In what The New York Times called a “racist rant,” he also proclaimed, “right-wing rule is in danger” because “Arab voters are streaming in huge quantities to the polling stations.” James Besser, Washington correspondent for Jewish newspapers for 24 years, wrote that Israeli voters, “more clearly aware of Netanyahu’s intent than ever,” have chosen “the apartheid path.”
Netanjahu izteikumi tika uztverti ar sašutumu ASV un visā pasaulē. Obamas administrācija reaģēja, sakot, ka ASV "pārvērtēs" savu politiku pret Izraēlu. Un, kas ir būtiski, Baltā nama personāla vadītājs Deniss Makdons J Street konferencē sacīja, ka "ir jābeidz okupācija, kas ilgst gandrīz 50 gadus, un palestīniešu tautai ir jābūt tiesībām dzīvot un pārvaldīt sevi savā suverēnā valstī. ”
Netanjahu vārdi rada lielisku iespēju Barakam Obamam radikāli pārveidot savu nekritiskā atbalsta politiku Izraēlas pastāvīgajiem likuma pārkāpumiem.
Israel Builds Illegal Settlements
Izraēla ar militāru spēku pārņēma Rietumkrastu (tostarp Austrumjeruzalemi) 1967. gadā un kopš tā laika ir turējusi to militārā okupācijā. Drošības padomes 242. gadā pieņemtā Rezolūcija Nr. 1967 atsaucas uz "teritorijas iegūšanas kara ceļā nepieļaujamību" un aicina "izvest Izraēlas bruņotos spēkus no nesenajā konfliktā okupētajām teritorijām". Tomēr Izraēla turpina okupēt palestīniešu teritorijas, kuras tā ieguva "Sešu dienu karā".
Since 1967, Israel has transferred more than a half million of its own citizens into these territories. Israel continues to build settlements in the West Bank, which is occupied Palestinian territory. A state that is occupying territory that is not its own cannot build settlements on that territory and transfer its own citizens into them. Under the Rome Statute for the International Criminal Court (ICC), such action constitutes a war crime. Article 8.2(b)(viii) of the statute defines “the transfer, directly or indirectly, by the Occupying Power of parts of its own civilian population into the territory it occupies” as a war crime.
The ICC can investigate and prosecute these crimes. Yet, in order to prevent such investigation and prosecution, the United States has consistently opposed Palestine becoming a party to the Rome Statute. Congress passed a law that would automatically discontinue the United States’ $400 million annual aid to the Palestinian Authority (PA) if Palestine were to bring charges against Israel in the ICC. Palestine will join the ICC on aprīlis 1. If Palestine files charges in the ICC, Obama should find indirect ways to provide funding to the PA to prevent its collapse.
Saskaņā ar Valsts ārkārtas situāciju likumu prezidentam ir tiesības izsludināt ārkārtas reakciju uz ārpolitikas krīzi. Obamam Izraēlas apmetnes būtu jānosaka par ārkārtas situāciju. Pēc tam viņš varētu regulēt vai aizliegt jebkuru ārvalstu valūtas darījumu, kas tieši vai netieši veicina nelegālo norēķinu paplašināšanos.
Desmitiem organizāciju, kuras Iekšējo ieņēmumu dienests (IRS) ir norādījis kā bezpeļņas organizācijas 501. (c)(3) punktā. piltuve desmitiem miljonu dolāru ik gadu nelegālajām Izraēlas apmetnēm. Nelegālu darbību finansēšana pārkāpj IRS vadlīnijas. IRS ir jāveic rūpīga šo organizāciju darbību izmeklēšana.
Israel Committed War Crimes During Operation Protective Edge
In July 2014, Israel invaded Gaza and killed more than 2,000 Palestinians, the majority of them civilians. Nearly 10,000 Palestinians were wounded, more than 2,000 of them children. Tens of thousands of Palestinians lost their homes and infrastructure was severely damaged. Numerous schools, United Nations (UN) places of refuge, hospitals, ambulances and mosques were intentionally targeted. Israel used the “Dahiya doctrine” to apply “disproportionate force” and cause “great damage and destruction to civilian property and infrastructure, and suffering to civilians populations,” as defined in the 2009 UN Human Rights Council (Goldstone) report. These acts constitute evidence of war crimes under Article 8 (2)(a) of the Rome Statute.
Flāvija Pansjēri, ANO augstā komisāra vietniece cilvēktiesību jautājumos, teica ka cilvēktiesību pārkāpumi “uzkurina un veido konfliktu” okupētajās palestīniešu teritorijās, piebilstot, ka “cilvēktiesību pārkāpumi Rietumkrastā, tostarp Austrumjeruzalemē, ir gan militārās okupācijas, gan notiekošās vardarbības cēlonis un sekas. rūgts ciklisks process ar plašāku ietekmi uz mieru un drošību reģionā.
Nevertheless, the United States has opposed the investigation and prosecution of these crimes in the ICC. The United States has joined Israel in boycotting the UN Human Rights Council’s investigation of international law violations during the July 2014 attack (known as Operation Protective Edge). The US government should support this process and the ICC investigation.
The United States provides Israel with $3.1 billion in military assistance each year. Under the Arms Export Control Act (AECA), countries that receive US military aid can only use weapons for legitimate self-defense and internal security. Izraēla nedarbojās pašaizsardzības nolūkos Protective Edge laikā un tās darbības pārsniedza iekšējās drošības aizsardzību. Obamam būtu jāpārtrauc turpmākās AECA aprakstīto ieroču piegādes.
Moreover, under the Leahy Law, military units that commit human rights abuses cannot receive US training or weapons, and individuals who commit human rights abuses are denied US visas. The US State Department’s annual report has documented Israeli violations.
Un 1961. gada Ārējās palīdzības akts aizliedz sniegt palīdzību jebkurai valstij, "kura konsekventā veidā pārkāpj starptautiski atzītas cilvēktiesības".
Obamam būtu jāīsteno šie likumi.
Israel Maintains the Illegal Barrier Wall
Israel constructed a wall that encroaches on Palestinian land. The International Court of Justice (ICJ, or the World Court) – the legal arm of the UN system – concluded that the construction of that wall and its associated regime impedes the liberty of movement of the inhabitants of the occupied Palestinian territory as guaranteed under Article 12 (1) of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. The ICJ also determined that the wall impedes the right to work, to health, to education and to an adequate standard of living as required by the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The ICJ ruled that Israel should dismantle the wall, make reparation for the damage it has caused and return the land, orchards, olive groves and other immovable property it seized to construct the wall – or compensate the aggrieved persons for the damage suffered.
The US government should tell Israel to dismantle the wall in accordance with the ICJ’s ruling.
The Pentagon Admits Israel Has Nuclear Weapons
After 50 years of denial about Israel’s arsenal of nuclear weapons, the US Defense Department has finally admitted that Israel has nuclear weapons. The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, prohibits US military assistance to countries that acquire or transfer nuclear reprocessing technology outside of international nonproliferation regimes; yet this law has been honored in its breach.
While the United States prods other countries to sign the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), requiring international inspections, Israel refuses to sign the NPT, thereby avoiding inspections.
Obama should enforce the law.
US Policy of Opposing Security Council Resolutions Critical of Israel
ASV ir politika, kas iebilst pret visām ANO Drošības padomes rezolūcijām, kas nosoda Izraēlas nelikumīgo kolonizāciju Palestīnas teritorijā vai nosaka divu valstu risinājuma parametrus.
Patiešām, ASV 2011. gada februārī uzlika veto rezolūcijai, kas būtu nosodījusi Izraēlas apmetņu celtniecību palestīniešu teritorijā. Un 2014. gada novembrī ASV iebilda pret rezolūcijas projektu, kas prasīja Izraēlas izstāšanos no Rietumkrasta trīs gadu laikā.
Obama has put all of his eggs in the “peace process” basket. But now that Netanyahu has stripped away all pretense of negotiating for a Palestinian state, Obama must drop his opposition to such resolutions in the council. A senior White House official told The New York Times that the Obama administration might lend its support to a resolution “embodying the principles of a two-state solution that would include Israel’s 1967 borders with Palestine and mutually agreed swaps of territory.” The 1967 borders are those that existed before the “Sešu dienu karš”, kurā Izraēla ieņēma Rietumkrastu, Gazu, Golānas augstienes, Sinaja pussalu un Jeruzalemi.
Obama Has a Duty to Enforce the Law
The US Constitution requires that the president “take care that the laws be faithfully executed.” Netanyahu has dropped any pretense of good faith. It is high time for the US government to halt its longstanding policy of turning a blind eye to Israel’s many violations of the law. Obama has a constitutional duty to enforce the law.
Marjorie Cohn is a professor at Thomas Jefferson School of Law, a former president of the National Lawyers Guild, and deputy secretary general of the International Association of Democratic Lawyers. Her most recent book is “Drones and Targeted Killing: Legal, Moral, and Geopolitical Issues.”
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