ʻO ka mokuna mua o ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka ʻēheu ʻākau pono, ka mea hoʻolālā politika Repubalika, a me ka luna hoʻonaʻauao ʻo William J. Bennett's The Book of Virtues: A Treasury of Moral Stories (NY: Simon and Schuster, 1993) ua kapa ʻia ʻo "Self-Discipline." "He nui ka pōʻino a me ka pilikia pilikino i ka honua," i kākau ai ʻo Bennett, "no ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻomalu a hoʻonāukiuki i ka ʻai, ke kuko a me nā manaʻo." Ma ke ʻano he kiʻi, loaʻa ʻo Bennett i kahi moʻolelo pōkole i kapa ʻia ʻo "Ehia ʻāina e pono ai ke kanaka?" Ua kākau ʻia e Leo Tolstoy, haʻi kēia moʻolelo i ka moʻolelo aʻoaʻo o kahi mea nona ka ʻāina ʻo Rūsia i make no ka hiki ʻole iā ia ke kaupalena i kona makemake i nā mea hou aʻe. Ua wehewehe ʻo Bennett iā ia ma ke ʻano he "mea hoʻohālike kupanaha no ka pono o mākou e kau i nā palena paʻa i ko mākou makemake."

ʻO ka mokuna ʻelua ua kapa ʻia ʻo "Aloha." ʻO ke aloha, ʻōlelo ʻo Bennett, "hoʻokokoke i ka puʻuwai o ka ʻike pono, i ka ʻike ʻana i kekahi kanaka ʻē aʻe." "Mai mālama i kekahi," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Bennett, "me ka manaʻo ʻole ʻole" (108). He poʻomanaʻo nui ke aloha no Bennett, nāna i haʻi aku i ka mea kākau moʻolelo ʻo Jake Tapper i ka makahiki 1999 "Ua aloha au ma mua o ka ʻoluʻolu. Ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa au no nā makahiki he pono ʻole ka poʻe Repubalika e ʻae i ka ʻāina 'aloha' i nā Democrats” (Tapper, “Brains for Hire,” Salon.com, ʻOkakopa 26, 1999).

ʻO ka mokuna ʻehā ke poʻo inoa ʻia "Ka hana." Aia ka moʻolelo kaulana o "The Little Red Hen," ka moʻolelo a nā keiki kahi i makemake ai nā holoholona ʻē aʻe a pau o ka hale pā e ʻai i ka berena a ka moa wale nō i makemake e hana. "Mai kēia punahele lōʻihi," wahi a Bennett, "ke aʻo nei mākou, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka mokuna ʻekolu o Genesis, 'Ma ka hou o kou maka e ʻai ai ʻoe i ka berena'" (352) - he wehewehe Stakhanovite. I koʻu wā kamaliʻi, ua hoʻomaopopo au i kēlā moʻolelo ma nā ʻōlelo pilikanaka-demokratika, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma nā ʻōlelo a George Orwell, "pono ​​mākou e hui like a ʻike i kēlā me kēia mea e hana i kāna ʻāpana kūpono o ka hana a loaʻa i kāna ʻāpana kūpono o ka hana. provisions” (Orwell, The Road to Wigan Pier, 1937, p.144).

He hookamani me ka olioli a me ka hoolaha wale

ʻO ka Book of Virtues kahi hapa wale nō o ka moʻolelo koʻikoʻi o Bennett o nā haʻiʻōlelo a me nā puke e hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana ʻo ʻAmelika ka ʻāina hānau o ka pono a me ka manawa kūpono, kahi e uku ʻia ai ka poʻe e hana ikaika a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a hoʻohanohano i ke Akua a me ka ʻāina me ka pōmaikaʻi kūpono. ʻO ka poʻe i hōʻole ʻole i ka hōʻike ʻana i nā pono o Bennett - ka hoʻopaʻi ʻana iā lākou iho, ka loina hana kapitalista, ka wiwo ʻole, ke kuleana, ke aloha, a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo - ua hōʻole ʻia ka waiwai i hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa akā no ke ʻano nāwaliwali. ʻO ia ke ʻano o ka waiwai waiwai o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, e hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana ʻo Bennett, nona ka mea hou ʻo Why We Fight (2002) i ʻōlelo ai ʻo ʻAmelika i manaʻo ʻia he "kaua ma luna o ka hoʻoweliweli" he hana maikaʻi ia e pale a hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai kiʻekiʻe o ka "kaulana komohana," epitomized e ka US.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hana maikaʻi kēia ʻano hana no Bennett, ka Drug Czar mua, Kakauolelo Hoʻonaʻauao i kekahi manawa, a me ka luna o ka National Endowment for the Humanities. Ke poʻo nei ʻo Bennett i kahi hui conservative i kapa ʻia ʻo "Empower America" ​​a hōʻiliʻili i $50,000 no kēlā me kēia o kāna mau ʻōlelo ʻōlelo. Loaʻa iā ia he mau haneli kaukani kālā mai nā kumu waiwai ʻēheu ʻākau, me Scaife a me John M. Olin. He kanaka hoʻolaha maʻamau ʻo ia, e hoʻohana ana i kona kūlana ma ke ʻano o ka ʻāina ʻo ʻAmelika e aʻo i nā hemahema o ka pono ma ka home a ma waho e pili ana i ko lākou pono e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, maikaʻi, pono ... e like me ia.

No laila, he mea hoihoi loa ka nānā ʻana iā Bennett i hōʻike ʻia i ʻekolu pule i hala aku nei ma ke ʻano he mea piliwaiwai pilikia koʻikoʻi, he moeʻuhane a ka poʻe nona ka casino "ua nalowale ʻoi aku ma mua o $ 8 miliona" e pāʻani ana i nā mīkini slot Las Vegas i nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala. (Katherine Q. Seelye, “Relentless Moral Crusader is Relentless Gambler,” New York Times, 2 Mei 2003). "I loko o hoʻokahi manawa ʻelua mahina," i hōʻike ʻia e ka New York Times, "ʻo Mr. Ua ʻoi aku ʻo Bennett i kahi casino ma mua o $ 1.4 miliona e uhi i kāna mau poho. Wahi a Bennett, ʻaʻole ia he mea maʻamau iā ia ke "hoʻokele i nā haneli haneli kālā" ma o nā mīkini slot Las Vegas a me nā pāʻani wikiō i hoʻokahi ahiahi.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ʻo Bennett wale nō ka ʻAmelika e ʻai i ka ʻāpala o ka piliwaiwai kānāwai. "I nā makahiki o Bennett ma ke ʻano he kanaka lehulehu," ua hōʻike ʻia e ka Washington Monthly, "nā casino, i kaupalena ʻia iā Nevada a me New Jersey, ua hoʻonui ʻia i 28 mau mokuʻāina." ʻO nā loteri mokuʻāina, i wehewehe pono ʻia e ka National Gambling Impact Study Commission ma ke ʻano he ʻano piliwaiwai kānāwai, ua pahū pū i nā makahiki he 30 i hala. Aia lākou i kēia manawa ma ka liʻiliʻi o 37 mau mokuʻāina a me ka Apana o Columbia, e koi ana i $ 36 miliona mau kālā mai ʻAmelika, kūʻai ʻia e nā mea kūʻai aku e hoʻolaha ana ʻo "All You Need Is a Dollar and a Dream" a "Anyone Can Win." ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hana maʻamau a Bennett he nui loa a hoʻohālikelike ʻia i kona kūlana ʻo ka Haku o ka Pono i ʻike ʻole ʻia ka manaʻo nui a loaʻa ka hauʻoli manuahi i ka wā i hōʻike ʻia ai.

E like me kā Michael Kinsley ka mea kākau moʻolelo liberal Washington Post i ʻōlelo ai, "inā he Pulitzer Price no schadenfeude (hauʻoli i ka ʻeha o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe), ʻo Jonathan Alter o Newsweek lāua ʻo Joshua Green o ka Washington Monthly e pono e lawe mai iā mākou" ka pāʻani Bennett. tala (vakai Jonathan Alter and Joshua Green, “The Man of Virtues Has a Vice,” Newsweek, May 2, 2003). ʻO Bennett, ka mea a Kinsley i wehewehe ai he "hoʻokalakupua maikaʻi," ua "hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia he kiʻi humbug e pono ke kipaku ʻia mai ke kahua ākea inā ʻaʻole ʻo ia i ka pono e haʻalele mālie ʻoiai ke kāhea mau nei ʻo ia i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e hana." (“Bad Bet Na Bill Bennett,” Washington Post, 5 Mei 2003, A21.)

He mea leʻaleʻa ka ʻike ʻana ʻaʻole hiki i ke alakaʻi alakaʻi alakaʻi o ka "hoʻopaʻi ponoʻī" ke noho aliʻi i kona koi ʻana e "hoʻokele" i ka nui o nā waiwai keu ma o ka mīkini slot o Las Vegas. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka heluhelu ʻana i ka "Empower America" ​​e pili ana i ka pāʻani maʻamau ʻo ia kekahi o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi o ʻAmelika - me ka mariuana, ka mele rap, ka male kāne, a me nā "hewa" ʻē aʻe i ʻae ʻia e Bennett e ka nāwaliwali o ka ʻuhane a me ka "moral". -relativist" liberal a me ka hema.

A no ka mea, ʻo kekahi o nā pono e loaʻa ai ke kūlana pae mokuna ma The Book of Virtues ʻo "Honesty," he mea kupanaha loa ka lohe ʻana iā Bennett e ʻōlelo ana ua "lanakila ʻo ia ma mua o ka lanakila" ma nā casinos. Ua ʻike ka poʻe a pau ʻaʻole e hoʻohālikelike nā luna casino i kā lākou mau mīkini slot i hiki i nā kānaka ke haki i nā miliona miliona o ka huki ʻana. ʻAʻole i loaʻa iā Bennett ke kūlana "high-roller", piha me nā lumi manuahi a me ka lawelawe limousine, ma ka haki ʻana i nā ʻāpana.

Nā Mīkini ma luna o nā keiki

ʻAʻohe mea leʻaleʻa i ka ʻike ʻana ua ʻoluʻolu kēia Makua Hoʻokumu o ka "conservatism aloha" i ka hānai ʻana i ka ʻoihana piliwaiwai Nevada ʻoiai ʻo ka hapa nui o ka heluna kanaka ʻAmelika i paheʻe loa i ka ʻilihune. Ma kahi hōʻike o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka ʻāina ʻāina socioeconomic insecurity a Bennett wehewehe ʻo ia ka hoʻopaʻi a ke Akua no ka hana hewa ʻole, ua hōʻike ka Children's Defence Fund, ma kahi moʻolelo i haʻi pololei ma mua o nā hōʻike Bennett, ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi miliona mau keiki ʻApelika-ʻAmelika e noho ana i nā ʻohana me ka loaʻa kālā. emi iho i ka hapalua o ka pae ʻilihune (Sam Dillon, "Report Finds Number of Black Children in Deep Poverty Rising," New York Times, 30 ʻApelila, 2003). Ua piʻi nui kēia mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki 2000, i ka "wale" 686,000 mau keiki ʻeleʻele i ʻilihune - kahi hana e hoʻopau ʻia mai ka ʻōlelo hoʻolaha a ko Bennett hoa "conservative aloha" ʻo George W. Bush.

No ka moʻolelo wale nō, he ʻohana ʻekolu e noho ana ma lalo o ka US notoriously indequate
loaʻa i ka pae ʻilihune ka loaʻa kālā ma lalo o $7,060 i kēlā me kēia makahiki. E wikiwiki, e kiʻi i kēlā mau keiki i kahi kauoha wikiwiki o The Book of Virtues!

He aha ka mea hiki i ka Children's Defense Fund a i ʻole kekahi hui kākoʻo a lawelawe ʻē aʻe paha - wahi a ka Christian Salvation Army, ka mea i hala i ka hoʻāʻo pono Bennett - i hana me $8 miliona? ʻO kahi liʻiliʻi, ʻike ke Akua. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka millennium hou nani o ʻAmelika, i ka nānā ʻana o Bennett i nā pale o nā mīkini slot o Nevada, ʻoi aku ma mua o 12 miliona a i ʻole 17 pakeneka o nā keiki US i noho i ka ʻilihune, me ka ʻoi aku o 4 miliona ma lalo o ʻeono makahiki. ʻOi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi o ʻekolu mau keiki US i noho i loko a kokoke i ka ʻilihune a ʻoi aku ma mua o 8 miliona mau kānaka, me 3 miliona mau keiki e noho ana i nā hale i hoʻolele pinepine i ka ʻai a ʻai liʻiliʻi paha. Hoʻokahi o ʻewalu mau ʻohana US i hōʻike i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o kā lākou meaʻai no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai kālā ma nā wahi koʻikoʻi. Ua hōʻike ʻo America's Second Harvest, ka ʻoihana alakaʻi o ka ʻāina i nā waihona meaʻai, he 23 miliona ʻAmelika i hilinaʻi i kā lākou mau keʻena i ka makahiki 2001. He kanahā pakeneka o kēlā mau ʻAmelika i hele mai mai nā ʻohana hana, he ʻoiaʻiʻo e noho ʻino nei ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā haʻiʻōlelo a Bennett e pili ana i ka uku o ka hana. (E nānā i nā loulou no ka pōloli ma ka hope o ka moʻolelo.)

Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea no ka poʻe ma lalo o ka piramid socioeconomic kiʻekiʻe o ʻAmelika i nā makahiki ʻelua i hala aku nei, mahalo i nā kulekele regressive i koi ʻia e Bennett a me kona mau kaikuaʻana ideological ma White House a me Congress. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻo Bennett a me kāna mau ʻano i ka pono o ka holo kaʻa ʻana i kekahi mau miliona (a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻoi aku ka piliona) kālā o ka meaʻai a me nā mea waiwai ʻē aʻe ma o ke kino a me ka noʻonoʻo o nā keiki ʻilihune o ʻAmelika. ʻO nā mea hope loa i kēia manawa ke hoʻolaha ʻia nei he ʻoi aku ka pili ʻole ma mua o ka mea maʻamau i mua o ka hoʻoikaika pono ʻana o ʻAmelika e "hoʻokuʻu" iā Iraq, i ka pōmaikaʻi nui "collateral" o Haliburton, Bechtel, a me nā mea ʻilihune ʻē aʻe e laina ana no kā lākou kuleana o ka pono ākea.

E kamaʻilio e pili ana i kāu "hoʻowahāwahā ʻole." “Oi aku? Makemake ʻoe i nā mea hou aʻe, "wahi a Bennett, e like me ke kumu kula ma Charles Dickens "Oliver Twist," i ka ʻōpio haʻalele ʻia o ʻAmelika? "ʻAʻole loa." E hoʻomanawanui, e nā ʻōpio ʻōpio, e kau i ka hou ma luna o kēlā mau lae, a i kekahi lā, malia paha, hiki iā ʻoe ke hui pū me aʻu ma nā papahele hau o ka Sands, e kani ana kāu mau ʻeke me nā uku o ka pono pono a me nā kulekele kaiaulu Repubalika!

ʻO Dickens Over Marx: Nā palena o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻae ʻia

Ma hope o ka ʻoliʻoli ʻana i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa lehulehu ʻana o kahi reactionary nag, akā naʻe, he mea hoihoi loa ka nānā ʻana i ʻekolu kī a me nā mea pili e pili ana i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa maʻamau maʻemaʻe e pili ana i ka hana ʻino a Bennett, a ua hoʻopau ʻo Bennett i ka hoʻohiki ʻana e haʻalele. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka poʻe haʻi ʻōlelo ʻAmelika ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau a me ka "hema" ma ka pae Dickens, me ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana ma nā ʻōlelo bourgeois-moralist maikaʻi e pili ana i ka pono o kekahi ʻano o ka ʻano o ke kanaka waiwai a me nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole paha o kekahi kulekele aupuni. Ua maikaʻi anei ka pāʻani pāʻani a Bennett, e like me Grover Norquist (he alakaʻi alakaʻi ʻauhau ʻauhau "hoʻoponopono" i hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia, no ka mea "ʻo kāna kālā ponoʻī a me kāna ʻoihana ponoʻī," a/a i ʻole no ka mea hiki iā Bennett ke "lima" a i ʻole (ʻoi aku ka nui o ka helu) e uku aku? Ua maikaʻi paha ka hana i nīnau ʻia no ka mea ʻaʻole i pōʻino kona ʻohana, a/a i ʻole, no ka mea, ua paʻa mau kāna "kūlana hana"? Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo Bennett, e like me ka ʻōlelo a ka neo-conservative ʻo William Kristol, no ka mea, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i manaʻo nui i ka pāʻani ma kāna screeds a me kāna mau haʻiʻōlelo? Ua hoʻāhewa ʻia paha ʻo Bennett no ka mea ʻo "ka piliwaiwai kānāwai" he "hewa," he hewa a / a i ʻole "he maʻi maʻi ma ke kino politika," e like me ka manaʻo o ka Coalition Christian, the Catholic Church (Bennett's denomination) a me kekahi poʻe liberal? He manaʻo nui kēia i waena o nā poʻe mana moʻomeheu a me ka politika no ka hapa nui o nā kenekulia 19 a me 20. "Ke laha nei ka piliwaiwai," i kākau ai ʻo Joshua Green, "pēlā nō nā pilikia pili ... e pili ana i ka hemo ʻana, ka hana ʻino i loko o ka home, ka hōʻino keiki, a me ka panakalupa." Wahi a ka National Gambling Impact Study Commission, he papa i hana ʻia e ka ʻAhaʻōlelo ma 1997, "ʻo ka poʻe noho i loko o 50 mau mile mai kahi casino he pālua ka helu ʻia ʻana he 'pilikia' a i ʻole 'pathological' mea pāʻani ma mua o ka poʻe e noho mamao aku. (Green, “Bookie of Virtue”).

ʻO ka manaʻo nui o ʻAmelika "elite" e pili ana i ka piliwaiwai, kānāwai a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia
i hōʻuluʻulu maikaʻi ʻia e Eric Zorn, he mea kākau moʻolelo liberal ma Chicago Tribune, e ʻōlelo ana i ka manaʻo o ka Mekia Chicago Richard M. Daley e wehe i kahi casino ma ia kūlanakauhale. "ʻO ka lure o ka piliwaiwai - ka uku nui no kahi hoʻolimalima liʻiliʻi - he antithetical," i haʻi aku ai ʻo Zorn, i nā huaʻōlelo i ʻike ʻia ma The Book of Virtues, "i ka pilina ma waena o ka hoʻoikaika a me ka uku a mākou i ʻike ai e pili ʻaʻole wale me. kanaka kūleʻa ikaika, akā me nā hui ikaika. " (Zorn, “Inescapable Cost of Casinos Goes Beyond Money,” Chicago Tribune, 8 Mei, 2003, Sec. 2, p. 1.)

ʻO ka mea a ka poʻe haʻi ʻōlelo koʻikoʻi ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo nui e pili ana, akā naʻe, ʻo ka moe kolohe kiʻekiʻe a hohonu hoʻi e loaʻa ai i ke kanaka ke kālā he nui i hiki ke loaʻa iā ia i loko o hoʻokahi makahiki e hoʻokipa iā ia iho ma o ka holo kaʻa ʻana i nā mīkini i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka loaʻa kālā o ka hapa nui. o kona mau hoa makaainana. No ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kēlā kumuhana ʻoluʻolu, ʻoiaʻiʻo, pono mākou e haʻalele iā Dickens ma hope e kūʻē i nā pūʻali kaiapili-pilikia paʻakikī e like me ka papa, ʻaʻole i pāpā ʻia mai ka kūkākūkā lehulehu ʻana e mahalo i ka poʻe e like me Bennett a me kāna mau ʻaoʻao ʻākau loa, ka mea e koi nei i ka wehewehe pono o ka. ʻO nā ʻokoʻa o ka waiwai a me ka loaʻa kālā o ʻAmelika e hoʻopili ʻia i ke kuleana pilikino a me ka ʻano pono. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia mau kumu i ka "winner-take-all" ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, i kekahi manawa i kapa ʻia ʻo "ka hui casino," ʻo ka ʻoihana ʻoihana ʻoi loa ka like ʻole a me ka waiwai nui o ka honua ma kahi mamao, kahi kahi liʻiliʻi a super. -ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻāpana o ka heluna kanaka ʻAmelika ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻAmelika e banekorupa a kokoke paha iā ia e hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha o Bennett's Nevada pō.

I kēia manawa, ua kūʻokoʻa nā keiki o ka papa kiʻekiʻe o ʻAmelika e hoʻolei i nā palena o nā ʻano ʻae ʻia - nui nā hiʻohiʻona i hiki mai i ka noʻonoʻo mai ka ʻohana Bush - me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka nalo ʻana i nā pono kūikawā a me nā leʻaleʻa o ka waiwai. ʻEhia mau ʻAmelika hiki ke holo no ka pelekikena ma hope o kahi moʻolelo kula pōʻino, ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi hoʻopaʻapaʻa no ka hoʻokele ʻona (ua holoi ʻia ka moʻolelo hoʻokele kaʻa ʻo Bush's Texas a ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka lehulehu), a hele ʻo AWOL mai ka National Guard "i ka wā kaua. ?? ʻO kēia nā hewa kaulana loa o ka pelekikena ʻAmelika ma mua o ke komo ʻana i ka ʻoihana aupuni.

Ke kūʻai aku nei i nā moeʻuhane

ʻO ka lua o ka mea i kāpae ʻia, ʻo ia ka pilina paʻa paʻa ma waena o kēia kūlike ʻole hohonu a me ka pahū ʻana o ka piliwaiwai kānāwai ma ʻAmelika. ʻO ka piliwaiwai casino a me nā loteri mokuʻāina i ala aʻe mai loko mai o ka lehu a lele i ka ʻāina i nā makahiki he kanakolu i hala aku nei e mahalo nui ʻia i ka mana politika kūikawā a me nā kulekele i hoʻohana ʻia ma ʻAmelika e ka poʻe i kau ʻia ma luna o ka hale papa inoa ʻole o ka lāhui. Me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka ʻauhau ʻoihana a me ka waiwai, ka pōmaikaʻi a me ka palekana hana i kau ʻia e ka poʻe liʻiliʻi o ʻAmelika, ua lilo nā casinos a me nā loteri i mea maikaʻi ma ke ʻano he hopena (manaʻo ʻia) no ka nalowale o nā loaʻa kālā a me nā manawa hana a ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻololi no nā ʻAmelika e ʻimi nei e lanakila a/ a poina wale paha i ko lakou pilikia waiwai. Inā manaʻo ʻo Zorn a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka pau ʻana o ka pilina "ma waena o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana a me ka uku [makeke hana]" i ka US e loaʻa i ke kumu o kēlā pilikia, pono lākou e nānā i nā hiʻohiʻona uku a me nā hola no nā limahana ʻAmelika ʻike ʻole. mau makahiki i hala iho nei. Hōʻike maoli nā ʻikepili kūpono i ka emi ʻana o ka pilina, mahalo nui i nā hana a ka poʻe hana a me nā kulekele aupuni, me ka lawe ʻana aku i nā hana i nā wahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka ʻōwili hope o nā uniona a me ka hui ʻana, hoʻonui i ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka hana malihini, ka "hooponopono hou". ,” a he nui hou aku.

I ka manawa like, hoʻonui ka piliwaiwai kānāwai i ka like ʻole o ka papa o ʻAmelika ma nā ala e pakele ai i ka nānā nui. Ke hoʻonui nei i ka loaʻa kālā nui no nā hui e hana ana i nā lako loteri a me nā ʻoihana hoʻolaha e kūʻai aku ana i ka "moe," ʻo nā loteri e hōʻoia i ko lākou kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka poʻe ma lalo o ka hierarchy socioeconomic. Kūʻai ka poʻe ʻilihune a me nā papa hana i ka hapa liona o nā tiketi, me ka liʻiliʻi o ka manawa e paʻi ai i ka "jackpot" ma mua o ka pā ʻana i ka uila. I loko o kahi hōʻike noiʻi noiʻi e hōʻike ana i nā ʻano o ka ʻāina, ua hōʻike ʻo Chicago Reporter mea kākau ʻo Leah Samuel i kēia manawa "ʻo nā kaiāulu haʻahaʻa ʻo Chicago e hoʻopuka i nā kūʻai loteri kiʻekiʻe loa ma" Illinois. "ʻO ka poʻe noho ma kēia mau kaiāulu," hōʻike ʻo Samuel, "ua hoʻolilo i kahi hapa nui o kā lākou loaʻa kālā ma ka loteri ma mua o ka poʻe ma nā wahi ʻoi aku ka waiwai." I loko o kekahi code zip South Side, ua ʻike ʻo Samuel, "ua hoʻohana ka poʻe ma mua o $23 miliona ma nā tiketi loteri i ka makahiki kālā 2002." ʻO nā code zip kiʻekiʻe he ʻumi ma Chicago no ke kūʻai ʻana i ka loteri i nā makahiki ʻeono i hala aku nei, "ua hōʻike ʻo ia" ua loaʻa nā uku awelika ma lalo o $20,000 i ka makahiki ma 2000, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka awelika o ke kūlanakauhale he $24,000. ʻEwalu o kēia mau helu zip he ʻumi ka nui o ka nele i ka hana ma mua o ka awelika o ke kūlanakauhale he 10 pakeneka. 

Ma Ilinoi e like me ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa, kūʻai ʻia nā loteri ma ke ʻano he hana holomua e hoʻohua kālā no ka hoʻonaʻauao aupuni. "ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo," wahi a David Nibert, ʻo ke kālā i hana ʻia e ka loteri, "he wahi liʻiliʻi loa ia o nā loaʻa hoʻonaʻauao mokuʻāina" a makemake ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia e pani i nā kālā hoʻonaʻauao i hōʻemi ʻia mai nā kumu ʻē aʻe. (David Nibert, Hitting the Lottery Jackpot: Government and the Taxing of American Dreams, New York, NY: Monthly Review, 2000, p. 61). He ʻāpana ia o ka mea i kapa ʻia e Nibert he "pāʻani kālā kālā" kahi e hoʻohālikelike ai nā aupuni mokuʻāina i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻolilo ʻana i ke kula i ka wā e ʻoki a mālama wale ana i nā kahawai kālā kula aupuni i lawa ʻole, e hilinaʻi nui ana a hilinaʻi i nā ʻauhau waiwai kūloko ma US. ʻO ka lotteries, ma ke ʻano, he ʻano o ka ʻauhau regressive e hoʻololi i ka waiwai a me ka loaʻa kālā mai ka poʻe i hiki ke uku.

Ma waho aʻe o kā lākou kuleana i ka hana ʻana i nā kulekele pilikanaka regressive, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke pāʻani nei nā lotteries i kahi kuleana aʻoaʻo ʻeleʻele pili i ke ola ʻAmelika. Ke hana nei lākou, e hōʻike ana ʻo Nibert, i ke kūpono ʻole o ka hoʻokele waiwai ma o ke aʻo ʻana i nā ʻAmelika ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi waiwai pilikino nui ka mea maikaʻi loa e hiki ke loaʻa i kekahi. Aʻo mai lākou iā mākou ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa e hana ai e pili ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana a me nā kūlana hana hoʻokaumaha, ʻaʻole ia e hakakā pū me kahi wahi hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi akā e pakele i kēlā mau kūlana ma ke ʻano pilikino ponoʻī ma ke kiʻi ʻana i ka pie-in-the-sky. Haʻi wahaheʻe lākou i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka "manawa like" ma o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka manaʻo hoʻopunipuni e loaʻa i kēlā me kēia kanaka ka pana like i ka hoʻonui ʻana ("Anyone Can Play, anyone Can Win") i loko o kahi kaiāulu hierarchical.

Ke kala o ia mea a pau

ʻO ke kolu o ka mea i haʻalele ʻia, ʻo ia ke ʻano lāhui ikaika a hūnā loa i kēia mau mea a pau. He ʻeleʻele nā ​​ʻōlelo a Bennett no ka makapō waihoʻoluʻu maikaʻi loa, ʻo ka hapa like ʻole o ka poʻe āna i hoʻopiʻi ai ma ke ʻano pilikino, ka moʻomeheu a / a i ʻole ke kuleana moʻomeheu no ko lākou noho ʻana ma lalo o ka pyramid ʻAmelika. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe o ke kālā lāhui, ʻokoʻa nā keʻokeʻo i nā kiʻekiʻe socioeconomic kahi, e like me Bennett a me kāna ilk, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pono a me ka uku kūpono. E like me ka mea e kahaha iki ai, ʻo ka poʻe i huli i ka manaʻo nui i nā loteri he ʻano ʻAmelika-ʻAmelika ʻaʻole like ʻole. No laila, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohui, e hana i nā ʻōpio pio o ka lāhui i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma lalo o ke kālā, hyper-segregated, a (kahaha) "under-performing" nā ʻōnaehana kula aupuni kūloko i manaʻo ʻia e loaʻa ana nā kiʻi nani ma ka lima mai ka piliwaiwai kānāwai.

He kūpono, a laila e heluhelu i ke poʻo o kahi ʻatikala hou e hoʻohewa ana i nā manaʻo a me nā kulekele hoʻonaʻauao o Bush lāua ʻo Bennett, e hana ana e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka manaʻo koʻikoʻi o ka lāhui i ke kula aupuni: "Gambling With the Children." (Dr. Jamie McCkenzie, "Gambling With the Children", No Child Left, Ianuali 2003.)

Nani ka hoihoi, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke aʻo ʻana ua hoʻopuka ʻo Bennett i kahi puke i kapa ʻia ʻo Counting By Race (New York, NY: Basic, 1979). Ua kākau pū ʻia me ka mea hoʻoponopono reactionary o ka Greensboro (North Carolina) Record, Counting By Race he hana hoʻomāinoino i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana affirmative e hāʻawi i ka hoʻoponopono ʻāpana no nā pōʻino koʻikoʻi o ka mōʻaukala a me kēia manawa i ʻike ʻia e nā ʻeleʻele i kēlā me kēia manawa o ke ola ʻAmelika. Ua ʻōlelo ka puke i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana i kāna hihia regressive ma ka inoa o ka "kaulike lāhui maoli," e like me nā lula o ka mea a Elaine Brown i kapa ai ʻo "New Age Racism," kahi i hoʻonui nui ʻia ai ka stigma o ka lāhui a me ka hoʻokele waiwai ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ka hōʻino ʻana i ke kala. -'ōlelo makapō.

ʻO ka maikaʻi loa o ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i nā ʻōlelo a Lt. General T. Michael Moseley, ka luna kaua ea o ka hoʻouka kaua hou ʻana iā Iraq, kahi hana hoʻokalakupua i ʻike ʻia e Bennett he hōʻike nani o ka pono pono o ʻAmelika. I ka hele ʻana ma waena o nā puʻupuʻu o kahi hale aliʻi Iraqi i haʻaheo mua, ua manaʻo ʻo Moseley he mea hoihoi loa ka hale i ka makahiki o ka honua honua ʻAmelika (Michael Gordon lāua ʻo John Kifner, "Halawai ʻo US Generals ma ka Hale Aliʻi, Sealing Victory," New York Times, 17 ʻApelila , 2003). "ʻO kēia," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo ia, "hiki ke hana i kahi casino maikaʻi loa."

ʻO ia hoʻololi, akā naʻe, hiki ke lilo i pilikia pili i ka lehulehu no ka hoʻomalu Bush inā, e like me ka manaʻo o kekahi e hiki ke hana, ua koho ʻia ʻo Bennett i Viceroy civila o Iraq i noho ʻia (Larry Magnuson, "William Bennett: Next Viceroy of Iraq?" Common Dreams, May 8, 2003). Ua hoʻolaha paha ʻo Bennett i kona manaʻo e haʻalele i nā mīkini slot o Nevada a me New Jersey. Hiki iā ia ke mālama palekana i kona mamao mai nā mea ma Baghdad, i loko o ka pōʻaiapili koʻikoʻi o kahi ʻoihana "maikaʻi" ʻaʻole i inaina nui ʻia e nā lālā o Iraq "hoʻokuʻu ʻia"?

Paul Street (e-mail: pstreet@cul-chicago.org) he kanaka noiʻi kulekele pili kaiaulu a mea kākau moʻolelo politika ma Chicago, Illinois.

 

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