Halin da ake ciki a Honduras da Amurka ta tsakiya na kara tabarbarewa a kowace rana yayin da hambararren shugaban kasar Manuel Zelaya ke fuskantar gwamnatin Roberto Micheletti tare da dubban 'yan banga da suka yi gangami a yankunan kan iyaka. Yayin da jami'an sojojin Honduras a Washington da babban birnin Tegucigalpa suka fitar da sanarwa da ke nuni da cewa za su iya amincewa da dawowar Zelaya idan shugabannin farar hular da suka yi juyin mulki da sassan sojoji da na 'yan sanda suka ci gaba da yin luguden wuta kan masu zanga-zangar har ma da kisan kai. Ba shi yiwuwa a iya hasashen sakamakon wannan arangama. Sai dai wani abu daya ke kara fitowa fili – rikicin da ke kara tabarbarewa na nuni da gazawar gwamnatin Obama wajen sake fasalin manufofin Amurka kan yankin Latin Amurka duk da kalaman da ta yi tun farko ga shugabannin yankin.
A ranar 29 ga watan Yuni, washegarin juyin mulkin, Barack Obama ya ayyana "ba bisa ka'ida ba" ya ce "ba ma son komawa cikin duhu." Wannan dai ya kasance daidai da kalamansa a taron kolin Amurka a watan Afrilu, inda a yayin da yake ishara da tarihin Amurka na goyon bayan gwamnatocin soja, ya ce, "Amurka za ta yarda ta amince da kura-kuran da aka yi a baya inda aka yi wadannan kura-kurai."
Amma manufofin Amurka game da Honduras tun bayan juyin mulkin na nuna cewa gwamnatin Obama ba ta wakiltar "canjin da za ku iya yarda da shi." A maimakon haka, ta himmatu wajen aiwatar da nufinta da kuma inganta matsayinta a Latin Amurka, kamar yadda gwamnatocin Amurka da suka gabata suka yi.
A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata wani mashahurin tashin hankali ya mamaye Latin Amurka wanda ya ƙunshi ƙungiyoyin ƴan asali, talakawa mazauna birni, manoma, masu kare muhalli, mata, da masu fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam. Suna neman a kara rarraba arzikin kasashensu cikin adalci da kuma kawo karshen tsarin siyasa da 'yan siyasa ke mamayewa, gurbatattun 'yan siyasa da muradun kasuwanci da ke kawance da Amurka. Sabbin gwamnatocin hagu sun fara farawa da Hugo Chavez a Venezuela a 1999 sai Luis Inacio "Lula" da Silva na Brazil a 2003. An hade su da zaben shugabannin hagu na Bolivia, Ecuador, Argentina, Chile , Uruguay, Nicaragua, Paraguay da El Salvador.
Wannan katafaren dakaru masu ci gaba ya jagoranci masu adawa da juyin mulkin da aka yi a Honduras. Shugabar kasar Argentina Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner, wadda ke nuna ra'ayin gama gari a nahiyar, ta lura cewa juyin mulkin ya kasance koma baya ga "shekaru mafi muni a tarihin Latin Amurka." Kungiyar kasashen Amurka, wacce a tarihi Amurka ce ke mamaye da ita, ta kada kuri’a 34 da 0, na kiran a maido da Manuel Zelaya a matsayin shugaban kasa.
Wannan hadakar 'yan adawa a Latin Amurka ta bar gwamnatin Obama ba ta da wata hanya illa kira ga gwamnatin ta yi murabus. Duk da haka, abin da ya yi bayan juyin mulkin shi ne neman hanyar da za a yi watsi da ajandar kawo sauyi da Zelaya ke kira da kuma inganta muradun al'adun gargajiya da suka dace da Amurka a cikin Honduras da kuma na Latin Amurka gaba daya. Wannan alƙawarin da aka yi na tsohon oda yana nuna alamar cewa Alvaro Uribe, shugaban masu ra'ayin mazan jiya na Colombia, ya kasance a fadar White House da Obama a ranar 29 ga watan Yuni yayin da ya fitar da sanarwarsa na adawa da juyin mulkin da aka yi a Honduras. Daya daga cikin batutuwan da Uribe da Obama suka tattauna shi ne yadda Amurka za ta samu filayen saukar jiragen sama uku da kuma sansanin sojin ruwa biyu a Colombia. Ana zargin cewa ana amfani da su a yakin da ake yi da miyagun kwayoyi a yankin Andean, suna kuma da nufin dakile karuwar tasirin Hugo Chavez a Venezuela wanda ya kira fadada sojojin Amurka "barazana ce a gare mu" wanda har ma zai iya haifar da "yaki."
Damuwar Amurka da Venezuela ita ce tushen manufofinta game da Zelaya. Philip Crowley, mataimakin sakataren hulda da jama'a na ma'aikatar harkokin wajen Amurka, ya bayyana cewa juyin mulkin ya zama "darasi" ga hambararren shugaban kasar wanda ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar kasuwanci da man fetur da Venezuela: "Tabbas muna tunanin cewa idan muna zabar abin koyi. gwamnati da kuma jagora abin koyi ga kasashen yankin da su yi koyi da shi, cewa shugabancin da ake yi a Venezuela ba zai zama wani abin koyi ba, idan har wannan shi ne darasin da shugaba Zelaya ya koya daga wannan lamarin, zai zama darasi mai kyau."
Tun kafin juyin mulkin, gwamnatin Obama ta bayyana adawarta da manufofin gwamnatin Zelaya na kawo sauyi. A taron kungiyar kasashen Amurka OAS a farkon watan Yuni a birnin Tegucigalpa Sakatariyar harkokin wajen Amurka Hillary Clinton ta gargadi Zelaya a wata ganawar sirri da cewa ya kamata ya ja da baya daga yunkurin jefa kuri'ar raba gardama kan kuri'ar da za ta samar da gudanar da zaben raba gardama. Majalisar zartaswa don tsara sabon kundin tsarin mulkin kasar. Zaɓen majalisun wakilai shi ne motar da Venezuela, Bolivia da Ecuador ke amfani da su don kawar da muradun da ke da tushe da kuma “sake gano” cibiyoyin siyasarsu.
Babban gambin diflomasiyya da gwamnatin Obama ta yi amfani da shi wajen yin mulki a Manuel Zelaya shi ne don samun shugaba Oscar Arias na Costa Rica ya kulla yarjejeniya da shugabannin juyin mulkin a Tegucigalpa, Honduras. Arias ya yi amfani da muradun Amurka da kyau a cikin 1980s a lokacin wa'adinsa na farko na shugaban kasa, ta hanyar yin amfani da tattaunawar yanki don lalata gwamnatin juyin juya hali ta Nicaragua da ƙungiyoyin tawaye a El Salvador da Guatemala yayin da yake haɓaka gwamnatocin dimokuradiyya waɗanda suka amince da manufofin tattalin arziƙi mai sassaucin ra'ayi sannan suna zuwa. a cikin amfani da "Ijma'in Washington." A wannan karon, Arias ya gaza, da farko saboda OAS da yawancin gwamnatocin Latin Amurka sun bayyana a fili cewa ba za su amince da kowace gwamnati a Tegucigalpa ba sai wacce Zelaya ke jagoranta. Kamar yadda shugaba Luis Inacio da Silva na Brazil ya bayyana, "ba za mu iya yin sulhu ba" kan maido da Zelaya.
A ƙarshe Arias ya ba da shawarar sasantawa da ta nemi a maido da Zelaya a matsayin shugaban gwamnatin sulhu ta ƙasa tare da raunana ikon zartarwa. Gwamnatin Micheletti ta yi watsi da shawarar. Yana da kyau a lura cewa daya daga cikin sharuddan yarjejeniyar da aka tsara ya yi kira ga Zelaya da ya guji inganta majalisar wakilai, batun da shugabannin ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa a Honduras suka yi tir da su cikin fushi.
Yunkurin da Amurka ke yi na maido da Zelaya ya yi zafi sosai idan aka kwatanta da sauran ƙasashe. Yayin da aka janye jakadu da dama, babban jami'in diflomasiyyar Amurka Hugo Llorens, wanda George W. Bush ya nada, yana nan a wurin. Akwai rahotannin da ke cewa mai yiyuwa ne ya baiwa masu yunkurin juyin mulkin tuwo a kwarya, ko kadan bai hana su ba. Kuma yayin da Bankin Duniya ya dakatar da taimakon, Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen ta yi gargadin cewa dala miliyan 180 na taimakon tattalin arzikin Amurka na iya kasancewa cikin hadari. Abu mafi mahimmanci, Amurka ta ƙi daskare asusun ajiyar banki tare da soke bizar shugabannin juyin mulkin, matakan da Zelaya da sauran gwamnatocin Latin Amurka suka bukaci Washington ta yi.
Shugaba Obama ya yi fatan cewa kamar shekarun gwamnatin Bush na Latin Amurka za su buƙaci kulawa ta gefe kawai a cikin babban tsarin al'amuran duniya. Wannan na iya zama ba haka lamarin yake ba idan Honduras, kasa ta karshe a jamhuriyar ayaba, ta barke a cikin rikicin cikin gida da ya janyo a kasashe makwabta. "Change" na iya zama kalmar kamawa ga sabuwar gwamnati, amma a nan tsohuwar magana ta Faransanci na iya zama mafi nuni ga abin da ke faruwa a zahiri: "Ƙari ca canza, da c'est la meme ya zaɓa," yawancin abubuwa suna canza su da yawa. zauna haka.
Roger Burbach shi ne marubucin "Al'amarin Pinochet: Ta'addanci na Jiha da Adalci na Duniya," kuma Daraktan Cibiyar Nazarin Amirka da ke Berkeley, CA.
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