Source: Dimokuradiyya Yanzu!
Kimanin masu jefa kuri'a miliyan 160 ne suka kada kuri'u a wannan zaben, wanda ya kafa sabon tarihi, kuma zababben shugaban kasar Joe Biden a yawan kuri'u ya haura sama da miliyan 5. Yawancin kuri'un da aka karu a zaben shugaban kasa na baya-bayan nan ya samu ne, yayin da adadin kuri'un da farar fata Amurkawa suka kada a zaben da ya gabata. "Babban labarin shi ne cewa a zaben da ya ga fitowar tarihi, mutane masu launin fata - musamman Latinos - sun sami karuwar jefa kuri'a da ba a taba gani ba," in ji Democracy Now! abokin aikin Juan González. "Bayan shekarun da suka gabata na masana siyasa suna magana game da karuwar kuri'un Latino, wannan shekarar ta faru da gaske."
AMY GOODMAN: Zababben shugaban kasar Joe Biden a zaben jama'a ya haura sama da miliyan 5 yayin da shugaba Trump ke ci gaba da kin amincewa. Kimanin masu kada kuri'a miliyan 160 ne suka kada kuri'u. Wannan sabon rikodin ne. Yawancin kuri'un da aka karu a zaben dai sun samu ne daga masu launin fata, yayin da adadin kuri'un da farar fata Amurkawa suka kada ya karu da kyar daga zaben shugaban kasar da ya gabata. To, Juan, bincikenku ya kasance mai matuƙar mahimmanci. Haka ne, Democracy Now!Juan González na sa ido sosai kan yadda fitowar tarihi a cikin al'ummar Latinx ta yi tasiri a tseren. Ka shimfida mana shi.
Juan GONZÁLEZ: To, Amy, labarin ya ci gaba, yana mai da'awar juyar da abin mamaki da masu jefa ƙuri'a Latino suka yi wa Donald Trump. The New York Times wannan makon, gaban shafi. Sa'an nan, da LA Times, "Masu jefa ƙuri'a na Latino sun gaji da ɗaukar nauyin 'yan Democrat masu ruɗani." CNN da wasu suna da'awar cewa babu wani abu kamar ƙungiyar Latino. Kuma ma Tsarin kalma yace in daya daga cikin labaransu cewa "Masu jefa kuri'a marasa fata ba su da kariya ga yawan jama'a na dama."
To, na ce makon da ya gabata, kuma zan sake maimaita shi, babban labarin wannan zaben ba shine ko an sami ɗan sauyi a yawan masu jefa ƙuri'a na Latinx a wasu yankunan ƙasar da ke karkata zuwa ga Trump ba. Babban labarin shi ne cewa a zaben da aka samu fitowar jama'a a tarihi, mutane masu launi - musamman Latinos - sun sami karuwar kada kuri'a da ba a taba gani ba. Kuma su, ba farar fata masu jefa ƙuri'a ba, sune ke wakiltar mafi yawan wannan karuwar. Kusan babu ɗaya daga cikin rahotannin da ya ambata wannan, cewa a karon farko a tarihin Amurka fitowar mutanen Latinos da alama sun kai matakin kwatankwacin adadin farar fata da Baƙar fata Amirkawa. Mutanen Latinos miliyan ashirin da shida ne suka fito rumfunan zabe a wannan zaben. Wannan shine kashi 64% na masu jefa ƙuri'a miliyan 32 na Latinx, yayin da a cikin zaɓen da suka gabata yawan fitowar jama'a ya kasance ƙasa da kashi 50%. A cikin ɗanyen lambobi, Latinos miliyan 8 ne suka jefa ƙuri'a a wannan shekara fiye da na 2016. Wannan shine haɓaka 63% akan zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na ƙarshe.
Yanzu, Na sabunta da tweaked ginshiƙi daga makon da ya gabata, kuma yana nuna cewa babban karuwa a duka kashi biyu da kuma ainihin kuri'un daga shekaru hudu da suka wuce ya fito ne daga masu jefa kuri'a na Latino. Tsallensu na adadin kuri'un da aka kada ya kusan yi daidai da na fararen fata - karuwar masu jefa kuri'a na farar fata da Bakar fata a hade. Babban tsalle na gaba, a cikin kashi dari, ya zo tsakanin masu jefa ƙuri'a na Amirkawa na Afirka, waɗanda suka karu da kashi 20%, na Asiya Amirkawa da kashi 16%, yayin da masu jefa ƙuri'a farar fata suka karu da kusan kashi 6%.
Yanzu, wasu daga cikin waɗannan lambobin, ya kamata in lura, sun bambanta da abin da na nuna a makon da ya gabata, a wani ɓangare saboda an sami wasu sauye-sauyen da ba a san su ba game da zaben fidda gwani na Edison na ƙasa a cikin 'yan kwanakin da suka gabata idan aka kwatanta da wanda aka fitar a ranar zabe ta hanyar. duk hanyoyin sadarwa. Misali, sigar asali ta kiyasin cewa fararen fata sun kasance kashi 65% na masu zabe, yayin da sabbin alkaluma suka ce kashi 67%. Kuma zaben ya kuma kara yawan fitowar jama'ar Amurkawa da Asiya. To, zaben Edison ya kasance yana da kurakurai a koyaushe, kuma bincike da yawa sun nuna samfuransa na baya sun karkata ne ga mamaye Amurkawa na Cuban, wanda aka yi la'akari da wuraren kada kuri'a na cikin gida na Black da Latino, da kuma rashin amfani da masu jefa kuri'a wadanda harshen farko ba Ingilishi ba ne, duk wadannan. yana nufin yana son rage kirga kuri'un Latino ga 'yan Democrat.
Amma ainihin kwatancen samfurin ya kasance iri ɗaya ne, kuma ba za a iya tserewa ba. Bayan shekaru da yawa na masana siyasa suna magana game da karuwar kuri'un Latino, wannan shekara ta faru a zahiri. Masu jefa ƙuri'a na Hispanic sun ji dole kamar ba a taɓa yin irinsa ba don zuwa rumfunan zabe, saboda Covid-19 ya fadi da su fiye da sauran kungiyoyi, saboda ci gaba da demonization na Latinos da shugaban kasa, saboda barbaric iyali rabuwa manufofin, ko saboda barazana ga kiwon lafiya, ko da, ga wasu masu ra'ayin mazan jiya Latinos, saboda bege na karshe juya. baya Roe v. Wade. Abu daya tabbatacce: Babu jam'iyyun Democrat ko Republican ba za su raina ko watsi da masu jefa kuri'a na Latino daga yanzu. Wannan ya kamata ya zama sanadin yawaitar biki a matsayin abin da aka daɗe ana jira don tabbatar da demokraɗiyya na ƙuri'a.
Amma menene game da waɗanda ke da'awar cewa Trump ya yi manyan hatsaniya, ba zato ba tsammani a tsakanin masu jefa ƙuri'a na Latino a duk faɗin ƙasar, kamar yadda aka nuna ta kashi 66 zuwa 32% na rarrabuwar ƙuri'ar Latino tsakanin Biden da Trump? Wasu sun ce Latinos na iya barin Jam'iyyar Democrat. Mu da muka kasance a tare da shi a wasu lokuta mun ji wannan labari a baya. A haƙiƙanin gaskiya, waɗannan sakamakon suna cikin babban filin yaƙin neman zaɓe na shugaban ƙasa a baya.
Ina so in sanya, da fatan, taswirar yadda Latinos suka raba kuri'unsu a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata a zaben shugaban kasa. Kason masu kada kuri’a na jam’iyyar Republican ya sha banban, daga kasa da kashi 27%, lokacin da Mitt Romney ya tsaya takara da Barack Obama a shekarar 2012, zuwa kashi 44%, wanda George Bush ya samu a zaben shugaban kasa na biyu a 2004. Ko da John McCain, lokacin da ya yi takara. ya yi takara da Obama a 2008, ya samu kwatankwacin kaso na kuri'un Latino kamar yadda Trump ya yi a bana. Kuma babban batu, nasarar Bush a 2004, ya kamata mu lura, shine karo na karshe da dan takarar Republican ya sami rinjaye na kuri'un jama'a.
Amma babban bambanci a yanzu shine cewa kuri'ar Latinx ta fi girma sosai. Lokacin da kuka sami kashi biyu bisa uku na ƙuri'a, wanda girmansa ya ninka sau uku a cikin 'yan shekaru kaɗan, za ku fara samun gagarumin taro. Ba mamaki Lindsey Graham ya yi gargadin cewa idan ba a sauya wadannan zabukan ko ta yaya ba, 'yan Republican ba za su sake lashe fadar White House ba.
Me game da waɗancan wurare kamar kwarin Rio Grande na Texas da Kudancin Florida, inda Trump ya yi kutse na gaske a gundumomin Latino a zahiri? Me game da waɗancan ƙwararrun waɗanda ke da'awar Latinos sun bambanta kuma suna yaduwa a matsayin yawan jama'a har kuskure ne a ɗauke su al'umma ɗaya? Na farko, a Kudancin [Florida] da Rio Grande Valley, i, ainihin sakamakon kuri'un ya nuna cewa Trump ya sami karuwar goyon bayansa a can. Florida ba abin mamaki bane, idan aka yi la'akari da kwararar 'yan gudun hijirar masu ra'ayin mazan jiya daga Nicaragua da Venezuela a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, amma Rio Grande Valley.
A gundumar Hidalgo, kusa da kan iyaka, wanda shine kashi 90% na Latino, Trump ya tashi daga 27% akan Hillary Clinton zuwa 40% akan Joe Biden. A gundumar Maverick, wanda shine 95% Latino, ya tashi daga 20% akan Clinton zuwa 45% akan Biden. Waɗannan lambobi ne masu mahimmanci. Kwarin, duk da haka, ya canza cikin sauri a lokacin Trump. Koyaushe yanki mai ra'ayin mazan jiya na zamantakewar al'umma, ya ga babban ci gaban aiki a cikin 'yan shekarun nan sakamakon aikin soja na kan iyaka, wanda ya kawo dubunnan sabbin ayyuka zuwa yankin don jami'an sintiri na kan iyaka, ga ma'aikata a kan ginin katangar da Mexico. , don cibiyoyin tsare shige da fice. Bugu da kari, kwarin ya maye gurbin sashin San Diego a matsayin cibiyar tsallaka bakin haure da ba ta da izini da tsarin shige da fice na Amurka. Duk waɗannan, ba shakka, sun taimaka wajen mayar da mazaunanta ga Trump.
Amma a cikin manyan biranen Texas, inda yawancin Latinos ke zama, akwai wani labari. Gundumar Bexar ta San Antonio, alal misali, 60% Latino, ya ga tazarar kuri'un Biden ta haura, daga 54 zuwa 58%, kodayake muna buƙatar ingantattun alkaluma kan nawa ne a cikin al'ummar Latino. Da alama a sarari, duk da haka, fitowar Latino a jihohi kamar Nevada, Arizona da Pennsylvania sun taimaka wa Biden ya lashe waɗannan mahimman jihohin yaƙin.
Sannan akwai California da New York. Rabon Latino na kuri'un da ya je Biden da alama yana da ban sha'awa a cikin waɗannan jihohin: 77% a California, 72% a New York. Yanzu, wasu suna jayayya cewa waɗancan jahohin shuɗi ne amintattu, don haka waɗannan masu jefa ƙuri'a na Hispanic ba su da mahimmanci. Da gaske? Ashe waɗannan manyan ɓangarorin Latino ba kowace shekara ba ne abin da ya sa waɗannan jihohin suka zama shuɗi? Kuma iri ɗaya ga New Jersey, Connecticut, Massachusetts da, kwanan nan, Colorado.
Sannan akwai waɗannan tambayoyin marasa ma'ana game da ko a zahiri akwai al'ummar Latino. Bari mu bayyana a sarari: asalin Latinx a cikin Amurka shine ginin zamantakewa, wanda manyan al'umma suka kirkira su, waɗanda ke buƙatar ma'anar da rarrabawa da sauran - sauran - kuma ta ƙungiyar da aka ware kanta, a zahiri, daga ƙasa, ta hanyar Latin Amurka daban-daban. Ƙungiyoyin ƙaura waɗanda aka tilasta su haɗa kai don su rayu a cikin al'umma mai ƙiyayya kuma 'ya'yansu suka yi aure a hankali don ƙirƙirar sabon tsarin zamantakewa: Latino a Amurka.
Fiye da shekaru 20 da suka wuce, na ce a cikin littafina Girbin Daular cewa Latinos ya zama - sun zama sabon karfi na uku a siyasar Amurka. Suna jefa kuri'a da yawa na Democrat, amma wani muhimmin sashi yana da saukin kamuwa ga 'yan takarar Republican idan wadancan shugabannin siyasar sun magance ko da kadan daga cikin damuwarsu. Tun daga wannan lokacin, 'yan asalin Latin Amurka daga masu ilimi da masu matsakaicin matsayi sun yi ƙaura zuwa wannan ƙasa a cikin adadi mai yawa, kuma wani yanki mai kyau sun ɗauki ra'ayin mazan jiya na Amurka. Wasu daga cikin wannan al'ummar, ko da yake har yanzu 'yan tsiraru ne, an jawo su zuwa ra'ayin ra'ayin ra'ayi na dama, da son zuciya, har ma da ra'ayin wariyar launin fata.
Duk wannan gyare-gyare a kan Latinos, duk da haka, ya yi watsi da ainihin tambayar wannan zaɓe, wanda 'yan kaɗan masu lura da siyasa da na gani sun yi ƙoƙari su magance: Me yasa kashi 58% na fararen Amurkawa suka zabi Donald Trump, ciki har da 55% na fararen fata. mata? Yayin da kasar Amurka ta hade kanta a matsayin kasar da ta fi karfin mulkin mallaka a duniya da kuma gibin tattalin arzikin kasar da ke kara ta'azzara, kungiyoyin dama sun karu a cikin gida ne kawai, kuma rashin nasarar Trump ba zai hana su ci gaba ba. Makullin gina rinjaye mai ci gaba shi ne a ci gaba da tattara karin matasa Latinos don kada kuri'a, binne karamin kaso na karuwa don goyon bayan 'yan takara na dama a karkashin mummunan bala'i daga mutane masu launi, ƙungiyoyin ma'aikata da abokansu. Kuma wannan shine ra’ayina kan wannan zabe.
AMY GOODMAN: To, Juan González, mai zurfi mai ban mamaki mai zurfi cikin lambobi, yana da mahimmanci don fahimtar wannan a wannan lokacin, saboda, da wuri, wannan shine abin da ke tsara labarin. Kuma, kun sani, a ranar Talata, babbar 'yar jarida Maria Hinojosa ta wallafa a shafinta na twitter, tana cewa, "Ina sauraron jaridar Daily kan abin da ya faru ba daidai ba a cikin zaben." Tana nufin The New York Times' Daily podcast. "Kuma," ta ci gaba, "kawai wow. Tare da batun cewa karin fararen fata sun zabi trump a gabanmu, da FIRST abin da suke yi shi ne magana abt Latino masu jefa ƙuri'a. Yana sauti kamar WE ABU THE WASU ALHAKI ga duk wannan! Turawa biyu a kan mu. " Maria Hinojosa ta ci gaba da cewa, "Don haka Nate Cohen ta ce" kuri'un sun yi fama da masu jefa kuri'a na Latino." Kuma ta ce, "Kuri'un? Ta yaya abt hayar madaidaicin masu jefa kuri'a na Latino ?? Tabbas muna wanzu. Wannan abu ne na al'ada. Ba mu bane GOT IT ba daidai ba. Wannan lokaci da shekaru hudu da suka wuce-ba daidai ba. Ta yaya abt 'Ba mu yi aikinmu ba.' ” Idan za ku iya yin magana game da wannan, kuna fahimtar kuskure, Juan? Ba wai kawai kuna nutsewa cikin lambobi ba, amma kuna lalata labarin da ya riga ya fito daga wannan zaɓen.
Juan GONZÁLEZ: Ee. To, kamar yadda na ambata, zaben - akwai babban zabe guda ɗaya. Tabbas, AP yanzu yana da nasu kuri'un, amma lambobin sun yi kama da juna. Amma waɗannan masu jefa ƙuri'a koyaushe suna da aibu, kamar yadda ƙungiyar Latino yanke shawara ta nuna a karo na ƙarshe, saboda, ku tuna, a cikin 2016, wannan labarin, cewa Latinos ya koma ga Trump ba zato ba tsammani. Mutane sun manta da haka. Shekaru hudu da suka wuce, labarin iri ɗaya ne. Amma lokacin da yanke shawara Latino yayi nazarin su - kuma suna da yawan kuri'u na al'ummar Latino, tare da duba ainihin lambobi - ya zo da yawa daga baya. Hakan ya zo bayan watanni bayan zaben. Kuma sun nuna cewa ba zai yiwu ba, a wasu yankuna, a wasu yankuna da dama na kasar, kuri'ar Latino na Donald Trump ya kai matsayin zaben fidda gwani, wanda Edison ya yi iƙirari.
Kuma sun nuna karara kan mene ne gazawar zaben. Ɗayan shine cewa a tarihi ya cika misalan al'ummar Cuban Amurkawa a cikin lambobin Latino gabaɗaya. Na biyu shi ne ba haka ba - bai shiga cikin al'ummomin Ba'amurke ko Latino ba - yana ƙoƙarin yin zaɓe a ranar zaɓen a cikin al'ummomin da suka fi kamuwa da launin fata - kuma a tarihi ba ya wakiltar mutanen da suka ba da gudummawa. 'ba na jin Turanci. A sakamakon haka, zaɓen, ta hanyar gina shi, ya karkata. Don haka, yanke shawara na Latino ya ga manyan bambance-bambance tsakanin zaben fidda gwani da ainihin kuri'ar Latino.
Yanzu, ba mu da cikakkun lambobin tukuna. Akwai wurare kamar New York da California inda har yanzu ana kirga su. Akwai miliyoyin kuri'u da miliyoyin kuri'u, musamman a jahohin blue, wadanda har yanzu ba a kirga ba. Don haka, wannan gibin miliyan 5 da Biden ke da shi zai yi girma ne kawai. Ba zai zama karami ba; zai ci gaba da girma. Kuma kiyasi na yana iya kaiwa kamar miliyan 8, bambancin kuri'un. Amma don haka ina ganin ba za mu samu cikakken hoto ba har sai mun yi hada-hadar zaɓe da ainihin ƙidayar ƙuri’u, a yankin da ke kewayen ƙasar, don fahimtar abin da ya faru. Don haka, zai ɗauki ɗan lokaci.
Kuma ka yi la'akari da maganata: Wata shida daga yanzu ko shekara guda, idan muna da mafi kyawun bayanai, za mu sake nazarin abin da ya faru, amma ina so in ci gaba da abin da muke da shi, abin da muke da shi. a ce jigon labarin a nan ba ƙananan canje-canje ba ne a cikin kaso, ƙarar yawan fitowar jama'a ne. Wannan shine mabuɗin. Wannan shine mabuɗin. Kuma da zarar an yi la’akari da karuwar yawan fitowar jama’a, za ka ga cewa masu jefa kuri’a daga Latinx, Amurkawa Afirka, Asiyawa ne ke haifar da sauyin da ake samu a kasar.
AMY GOODMAN: Kuma a cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, za mu kuma ci gaba da duba kuri'ar 'yan asalin Amurka. Ina so in ƙarfafa mutane su koma democracynow.org don ganin ainihin binciken Juan González a makon da ya gabata part 1 na nazarinsa na masu kada kuri'a na kasar nan.
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