A ranar 27 ga Oktoba, 2006, Brad Will ya tsaya
Brad yayi tafiya zuwa
Brad ya tsaya tsakanin masu zanga-zangar APPO da sauran 'yan jarida, suna yin fim tsawon tsayin
Shekaru biyu bayan haka, a ranar 16 ga Oktoba, 2008, gwamnatin tarayya ta Mexico ta kama wasu mambobi biyu na APPO, kuma ta tuhumi Juan Manuel.
Kamen dai ya zo ne bayan wasu rahotannin kare hakkin bil adama sun soki binciken da gwamnati ke yi kan rashin bin ka’idojin da ke nuni ga jami’an yankin da suka dauki hoton harbin da manema labarai suka yi kan masu zanga-zangar APPO a ranar 27 ga watan Oktoban 2006.
"Wannan rufaffiyar ce," in ji Kathy Will, mahaifiyar Brad, a wata hira ta wayar tarho lokacin da ta sami labarin kama. "Wannan cin mutunci ne a gare mu da kuma dukkanin kungiyoyin da suka yi kokarin taimakawa wajen gudanar da bincike mai ma'ana."
harbi mai tsayi
Ko an harbe Brad Will a kusa ko nesa ba kusa ba ya ta'allaka ne kan cece-ku-ce kan binciken gwamnati da kuma kame da aka yi kwanan nan. 'Yan sanda na cikin gida sanye da fararen hula da jami'an karamar hukuma a Santa Lucia del Camino an yi fim kuma an dauki hoton suna harbin masu zanga-zangar APPO wadanda Brad Will ke tsaye lokacin da aka harbe shi. Sai dai gwamnatin tarayya ba ta binciki hannun jami’an kananan hukumomin ba.
Fiye da masu zanga-zanga da masu daukar hoto na jaridu sun kewaye Brad lokacin da aka harbe shi. Duk wadanda aka zanta da su sun ce harsashin ya fito ne daga kan titi. Bayan da aka kashe Brad, an harbe mai daukar hoto Oswaldo Ramirez a kafa. PGR duk da haka ba ta yi hira da Mista Ramirez ba kuma ba ta binciki harbin ba.
"Dukan harbe-harbe na fitowa ne daga kan titi, inda 'yan bindigar suka taru," in ji wani dan jarida dan kasar Mexico, Diego Osorno wanda ya ba da labarin yakin a ranar kuma daga baya ya rubuta game da shi a cikin littafinsa. Oaxaca Karkashin Siege.
“A matsayinmu na ‘yan jarida, dukkanmu mun mayar da hankali ne kan jami’an tsaro a matsayin tushen harbe-harbe,” in ji shi.
Raul Estrella, mai daukar hoto don El Universal wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta kasa da kasa ta daukar hoto saboda labaran da ya yi
Estrella, wanda ya dauki hoton shahararren Pedro Carmona da wasu jami'an Santa Lucia del Camino suna harbin masu zanga-zangar, ya ce a wata hira da aka yi da shi a shekara ta 2007, "Na ji karar harsashi a kaina kuma a lokacin ne na tafi."
PGR ba ta tuhumi Pedro Carmona da yunkurin kisan kai ba, kuma ba su yi hira da shi ba a shari'ar Brad.
Hukumomin Mexico sun yi ikirarin cewa, wadanda suka kashe Brad sun harbe shi a kusa da nesa, a nisan mita 2, wanda ke da alaka da masu zanga-zangar APPO da kansu, maimakon 'yan bindigar da ke bakin titi.
Shaidu, ƙwararrun masana masu zaman kansu, da ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ta gwamnatin Mexico duk suna ƙalubalantar hasashen PGR na ɗan gajeren zango.
Wata tawagar bincike mai zaman kanta daga Likitoci don Hakkokin Dan Adam ta yi balaguro zuwa Mexico a farkon wannan shekara kuma ta fitar da rahoto a ranar 23 ga Mayu inda ta yi kira ga Ofishin Babban Lauyan Tarayya na Mexico, ko PGR da ya binciki sa hannun 'yan sanda.
A ranar 26 ga Satumba, Hukumar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam ta gwamnatin Mexico, ko CNDH, ta fitar da wani rahoto mai matukar muhimmanci da ke zargin cewa hukumomin jihohi da na tarayya sun keta hakkin wanda aka azabtar da danginsa ta hanyar gazawarsu na gudanar da bincike yadda ya kamata.
Kamen na baya-bayan nan ya zo kwana guda gabanin wa'adin PGR don mayar da martani ga rahoton CNDH.
Kathy Will ta ce, "Ku kalli faifan ƙarshe na Brad; babu kowa a cikin wannan firam ɗin, "in ji Kathy Will, "Mita biyu daga nesa? Ku zo! Suna ƙin duk wata dabara kuma kawai yana nuna yadda cin hanci da rashawa suke. Ba haka ba ne. harbin gajeren zango kuma kowa ya san hakan."
Iyalin Will da kuma Likitoci masu binciken kare hakkin dan Adam duk sun yi nuni da gazawar gwamnatin tarayya wajen gudanar da bincike kan wasu laifuka 17 na kisan kai a lokacin rikicin Oaxaca na 2006 inda shaidun shaida da hotuna da bidiyo suka nuna cewa ‘yan sanda sun shiga cikin kisan.
Dan jaridar Mexico Diego Osorno ya ce "hannun jami'an 'yan sanda sanye da fararen hula a cikin gungun masu kisa na da kyau."
Osorno ya ce gwamnatin tarayya ta hada kai don boye laifukan Ulises Ruiz, in ji Osorno, don tabbatar da goyon bayan PRI ga shugaban jam'iyyar National Action Party Felipe Calderon mai rauni da kuma gabatar da sauye-sauyen makamashi wanda ya hada da mai da hankali kan masu zaman kansu na sassan.
"Calderon ba shi da wani zabi," in ji shi, "ya hau kan karagar mulki da rauni sosai kuma hakan ya sanya shi kallon kungiyoyi masu karfi kamar PRI."
Ka'idar PGR
An gina shari'ar PGR akan Juan Manuel Martinez da sauran membobin APPO a kusa da shaidar shaida guda. Wannan shaida, Adolfo Feria, ya ce ya ga Juan Manuel Martinez ya harba bindigar. Sai dai kuma, Adolfo Feria dan uwan magajin garin Santa Lucia del Camino ne, Manuel Martinez Feria, wanda ‘yan sanda da jami’an yankin suka jagoranci harin da makami a kan masu zanga-zangar APPO.
PGR ta kuma raba nunin faifai tare da manema labarai a ranar Juma'a, 17 ga Oktoba. Ko da yake a takaice, nunin faifan ya ƙunshi sabani da yawa.
Wani faifan bidiyo ya ce dan bindigar ya yi harbin farko ne daga tazarar mita 2. Abun gani don tallafawa wannan faifan har yanzu daga kyamarar Brad yana nuna tarin masu zanga-zanga a gaban Brad. Mai zanga-zangar da PGR ke nunawa yayin da mai harbi ya tsaya kusan mita 5 daga nesa. Har yanzu an dauki millise seconds kafin a harbe Brad. Wanda ake zaton mai harbi ba ya nuna bindiga a Brad.
Wani faifan bidiyo ya ce mai harbin ya harba harbi na biyu a gefen Brad, yana tsaye tsakanin mita 2 zuwa 8, yayin da wasu suka dauke shi a bayan wata mota. Zane-zane na gani don tallafawa wannan bayanin hoto ne na kwamfuta wanda ke nuna mai harbi yana tsaye kasa da rabin mita nesa da Brad yayin harbi.
Abubuwan na gani na PGR ba su dace da maganganunsu ba.
Laifin wadanda abin ya shafa
Jami'an gwamnatin Mexico da na tarayya sun dage tun daga rana ta daya kan wani lamari da ba zai taba yiwuwa ba: cewa daya daga cikin mambobin APPO da ke tsaye kusa da Brad ya yi masa ihu ya daina daukar fim sannan ya kashe shi a lokacin da bai yi biyayya ba - inda suka harbe shi kusa da gaban shaidu da dama. ba tare da wani ya gan shi ba, ba tare da barin gun foda yana ƙone kusa da rauni ko a kan rigar Brad ba, kuma ba tare da bayyana a cikin kyamarar Brad ba.
A daidai wannan lokacin, babu wani jami’in bincike na jiha ko na tarayya da ya fitar da tuhume-tuhume ko guda kan kowa kan kisan fiye da 17 na masu zanga-zangar APPO a rikicin 2006.
Iyalin Brad sun riƙe lauya a ciki
Kare rikice-rikice na ka'idar gwamnati ta "APPO ta yi shi" ta fara ne da Babban Mai Shari'a na Jihar Oaxaca, Lisbeth Caña. A ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, 2006, Caña ya kira taron manema labarai a birnin Oaxaca, yana jujjuyawa ta hanyar gabatarwar Wutar Wuta tare da fayyace - ko da yake marasa ma'ana - zane-zane da zane-zane duk suna nuna ƙarshen APPO mai harbi.
Ka'idar Caña ita ce, daya daga cikin masu zanga-zangar APPO ya gaya wa Brad cewa ya "daina daukar hotuna," yayin da ya bugi bindiga mai tsawon millimeters tara. Da ya gama yanke hukuncinsa, mai zanga-zangar da rufe fuska ya harbe Brad. Mazauna wurin da suka yi kokarin kai Brad asibiti, in ji ka'idar, a gaskiya sun kasance masu hada baki da suka kore shi daga taron sai kawai suka harba harbi na biyu a gefensa.
Ko da kallon farko, wannan ka'idar ba ta da hankali. Brad ba ya "daukan hotuna." Yana yin fim; kuma eh masu zanga-zangar APPO sun san bambanci. Mai kisan ba zai iya harbi Brad kai tsaye ba tare da bayyana a cikin firam ɗin kamara ba. Har ila yau, washegarin bayan an kashe Brad, kowace rana ta Mexico Milenio wanda aka buga a shafin farko hoton mutanen da ke tsaye dauke da Brad zuwa mota. Duk raunukan harbin bindiga suna bayyane a fili a cikin hoton. Ayyukan wasu masu daukar hoto na Mexico, irin su Javier Otaola na kasa kullum Éara kyau, Har ila yau, ya nuna a fili cewa raunukan harbin bindiga guda biyu suna nan kafin An fitar da Brad zuwa asibiti.
Kuma, tsalle a gaba, yanzu mun san cewa ba a harbe Brad da bindiga mai tsawon millimeters tara ba, amma tare da revolver 38 - bindigar da ba ta yin wani sauti mai sauti irin wanda ake zaton an ji a kan tef ɗin Brad.
Iyayen Brad, Kathy da Hardy, da ɗan'uwan Craig sun yi tafiya zuwa
Caña ta ce sun yi kuskuren Wutar Wutar Lantarki, sun ba da hakuri, kuma sun aika mataimakinta ya kawo daidai. Bayan 'yan lokuta masu tashin hankali daga baya mataimakin ya dawo ya loda gabatarwar Power Point iri ɗaya, wannan lokacin mai kwanan wata Maris 21, 2007.
Lokacin da dangin Brad suka fahimci cewa ana jagorantar su ta hanyar ainihin gabatarwar da aka gabatar a gaban manema labarai a watan Nuwamban da ya gabata, sun nemi Caña ta dakatar da Wutar Wuta kuma ta raba sabon bayanin da ta tattara. Ba ta da ko ɗaya. Da ta tambayi jami'an karamar hukumar da suka dauki hoton harbin masu zanga-zanga a ranar 27 ga Oktoba, dangin sun tambaya. Ba ta da. Ta tambayi shaidu? Ba ta da. Shin ta tattara bayanan ballistic akan bindigogin da aka harba a ranar? Ba ta da.
A fusace, iyalin suka nemi a duba fayil ɗin ƙarar—hakki da aka bayar a ƙarƙashin dokar Mexico ga dangin waɗanda aka kashe. Caña ya ce ba za su iya duba fayil din karar ba. Me yasa? Domin kuwa a lokacin ne suka gama dambe da shi domin a turawa gwamnatin tarayya. Caña yana tambayar cewa babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayya na Mexico (wanda aka sani da PGR don baƙaƙen sa na Mutanen Espanya) ya ɗauki lamarin. Da haka aka gama taron.
Tarayyar ta dauki lamarin
Washegari, Alhamis 22 ga Maris, Kathy, Hardy, Craig da lauyansu Miguel Angel de los
Yayin da jami'an PGR suka yi rantsuwa da ƙwararrunsu da nuna son kai - akasin haka, in ji su
Har yanzu, bayan rashin iyawa da rashin hankali na
Wannan shine Maris 2007. Lokacin da Kathy da Hardy suka koma
Sun yi mamaki da suka ji cewa har yanzu ba a samu ci gaba ba.
Tawagar masu gabatar da kara na musamman na tarayya da ke binciken kisan Brad har yanzu suna ci gaba da zato cewa an harbe Brad a kusa da kuma cewa ya sami harbin biyu a wurare daban-daban - zato biyun da aka gabatar da farko a matsayin shaida ta Lisbeth Caña.
PGR ta ce za su kammala bincikensu tare da neman sammacin kama su nan da makwanni kadan.
Ta hanyar ƙoƙarin Kathy da Hardy, wata ƙungiya daga Likitoci don 'Yancin Dan Adam (PHR) sun ba da kansu don tafiya zuwa
Bugu da kari, wani kwararre mai nazarin binciken binciken bidiyo ya yi nazarin kaset na karshe na Brad. (Ba a fitar da nazarin bidiyon ba tukuna. Duk da haka, binciken farko ya nuna harsashin harsashi da ke gangarowa a kan firam ɗin kamara mil seconds bayan da aka ji harbin da kuma milli seconds kafin Brad ya yi kuka. Masanin faifan bidiyo ya gaya wa dangin cewa harbin kusa shine harbin kusa. ba zai yiwu ba.)
A cikin watanni bayan taron na Fabrairu, yayin da kwararrun likitocin kare hakkin dan adam ke nazarin hujjojin jami'an gwamnatin tarayya sun yi shiru.
Likitoci don kare hakkin dan adam sun kammala nazarinsu kuma sun aika da cikakken rahoto ga dangi da gwamnatin Mexico a karshen watan Mayu.
Likitoci don kare hakkin ɗan adam sun rubuta a cikin sanarwar manema labarai na ranar 23 ga Mayu, 2008 cewa binciken tarayya na Mexico yana da "gajere a ƙoƙarin gano duk bindigogi a hannun 'yan sanda, jami'an tsaro, da sauran waɗanda ke wurin a wurin; abin da hukumomin Mexico suka mayar da hankali kawai. a kan hasashen aiki cewa harbe-harben sun samo asali ne daga wurin Will's kusa da nan; da kuma rashin bincikar wasu lokuta na raunuka ko mace-mace a Oaxaca wanda zai iya bayyana yanayin tashin hankali da ke haifar da masu aikata laifuka."
Hukumomin Mexico ba su mayar da martani ga rahoton Likitoci don kare hakkin bil adama ba, amma a maimakon haka sun ba da labari a cikin jaridun Mexico suna ikirarin cewa binciken tarayya ya kammala cewa APPO ta kashe Brad.
A ranar 26 ga Mayu, 2008 Misael Sánchez ya buga labarin a cikin jaridar Oaxaca mai goyon bayan gwamnati. Lokaci labarin mai taken: "PGR ta kammala: APPO ta kashe Brad."
Hakanan a ranar 26 ga Mayu, Ricardo Alemán ya buga labarin a cikin jaridar ƙasa El Universal kanun labarai: "Mai kisan Bradley Will, daga APPO?"
Dukkan labaran biyu sun ambaci wasu majiyoyin da ba a bayyana sunansu ba a cikin PGR waɗanda ke da'awar sun kammala binciken su, bayan da suka tattara shaidun da ba za su iya warwarewa ba cewa an harbe Brad kusa da kusa. Dukkan labaran biyu suna maimaita da'awar da ba za ta yiwu ba cewa an harbe Brad a karo na biyu yayin da yake kan hanyar zuwa asibiti.
Daga baya a cikin watan Agusta, PGR ta nemi sammacin kama wasu mambobin APPO, amma wata kotun tarayya ta ki amincewa da su.
Sai kuma a ranar 25 ga watan Satumba, washegarin da hukumar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ta ƙasa ta buga nasu binciken, PGR ta sake fitar da wani labarin, a wannan karon ga jaridar ƙasar mai ra’ayin hagu. Jornada: "Binciken PGR ya nuna APPO a matsayin masu kashe jarida."
Hukumar kare hakkin dan adam ta kai hari bincike
CNDH ta fitar da rahoton nasu a washegari, inda ta kammala cewa hukumomin jihohi da na tarayya da ke da hannu wajen binciken kisan Brad Will duk "sun keta haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin hakki na shari'a, da samun damar yin adalci, da kuma samun damar yin bayanai.”
Rahoton ya yi cikakken bayani game da kura-kurai, rashi, da ayyukan hasashe da masu binciken jihohi da na tarayya suka yi tun daga ranar kisan Brad har zuwa yau. Gajeren jerin kurakuran da masu binciken jihar ke yi sun hada da: rashin kiyaye wurin da aka aikata laifin; ba a duba wurin da aka aikata laifin ba har sai ranar 31 ga Oktoba, kwanaki hudu bayan kisan; rashin bincikar makaman da aka yi amfani da su a wannan rana, ko kuma yin tambayoyi ga mutanen da suka shaida da kuma daukar hoton harbin da aka yi wa APPO, ko ma bude wani bincike na farko don sanin matakin da idan har aka yi, za a iya shiga cikin lamarin a karkashin binciken farko; rashin yi wa mutanen biyu tambayoyi da farko da aka kama don kisan; rashin gudanarwa ko ba da umarnin bincike don gano duk wadanda aka dauka dauke da bindigogi ko harbin bindiga a ranar; ɓata harsashin da aka ciro daga jikin Brad kuma don haka ya yi iƙirarin cewa makamin kisan gillar bindiga ce mai tsawon millimeters tara a lokacin da ta kasance 38 revolver.
Wannan kuskure na ƙarshe yana da mahimmanci musamman. Lisbeth Caña ta yi iƙirarin cewa an kashe Brad da bindiga mai tsawon millimita tara. A dalilin haka ta saki jami'an karamar hukumar biyu da aka tsare. Ba su ɗauki bindigogin millimita tara ba, in ji Caña, amma a maimakon haka 38 revolvers.
Amma bincike na CNDH ya kammala cewa a gaskiya an kashe Brad tare da revolver 38 (Likitoci don 'Yancin Dan Adam kuma sun tabbatar da cewa mummunan bindigar 38 caliber). Mutanen biyu - Abel Santiago Zarate da Orlando Manuel Aguilar Coello - duk da haka, ba a tsare su ba. Aguilar Coello, haka ma, da alama ya shiga ɓoye.
Rahoton na CNDH ya kuma kammala da cewa: harbin mai kisa ya faru ne a nisan tsakanin mita 35 zuwa 50 kuma raunuka biyu da suka yi sanadin mutuwar Brad sun faru ne a jere, sun rabu da dubunnan dakika daya bayan daya, duka a wurin da aka aikata laifin.
The
A ranar 1 ga Yuli, George W. Bush ya rattaba hannu kan wata doka da ta amince da taimakon dala miliyan 400
"Binciken da jihohi da na tarayya suka gudanar a ranar 27 ga Oktoba, 2006, kisan da aka yi a Oaxaca na Ba'amurke, Bradley Will, ya kasance da kura-kurai," in ji dokar, "kuma an umurci Sakataren Harkokin Wajen, ba bayan kwanaki 45 da kafa wannan Dokar ba. Bayan kwanaki 120, a mika rahoto ga kwamitocin da suka shafi kasafin kudi da ke bayyana ci gaban da aka samu wajen gudanar da sahihin bincike, sahihanci, da gaskiya, domin zakulo wadanda suka aikata wannan laifi tare da gurfanar da su gaban kuliya.
A ranar 23 ga watan Satumba, dan majalisar wakilai Donald Manzullo (R-IL) ya aika da wasikar fushi ga kwamitin kasafin kudi da George W. Bush, yana mai kira da a dakatar da bayar da kudade ga Merida Initiative har sai gwamnatin Mexico ta gudanar da bincike mai tsanani.
Renata Rendon, darektan bayar da shawarwari na
"Wannan ya kamata ya zama ainihin jan tutar
Kathy Will ta ce danginsu suna matsa wa Majalisa lamba don hana kudaden Initiative na Merida daga gwamnatin Mexico.
"Ban kira hakan dimokuradiyya ba," in ji ta, "wurin da ba sa yin la'akari da wani, a kowane mataki na gwamnati, idan sun yi laifi.
Fasahar rashin hukunci
In
Shari'ar Brad ɗaya ce daga cikin al'ada mai zurfi da ban tsoro a yanzu na kisan kai na siyasa wanda ke fama da rashin iya aiki wanda aikinsa shine kawai sanya hukunci a cikin tsarin al'adun doka: daga kisan kiyashin daruruwan ɗalibai a Mexico City shekaru arba'in da suka gabata a ranar 2 ga Oktoba. , 1968 zuwa kwantan bauna da kisan 'yan jaridar Triqui Felícitas Sánchez da Teresa Merino a farkon wannan shekara a ranar 7 ga Afrilu, 2008.
Kwarewar dangin Will a tafiyarsu zuwa
"Ku dubi shaidu masu karfi," in ji Hardy Will, mahaifin Brad, a cikin wata hira ta wayar tarho, "An harbe Brad a kai tsaye. Yana da kyamara mai inganci mai girman tabarau mai fadi wanda zai iya daukar duk wani mai harbi a cikin mita 35. Shaidu goma sha biyu da suka hada da 'yan jarida, babu wanda ya ga maharin kusa da Brad.Masharhantan faifan bidiyonmu ya gano harsashin harsashi a firam biyu na karshe kafin a buga wa Brad. ] suna da duk waɗannan bayanan, amma sun zaɓi yin watsi da shi."
"Doctor Wiarco da Attorney General Medina Mora ko dai ba su da kwarewa ko kuma cin hanci da rashawa. To, Dr. Wiarco na iya zama duka, "in ji Hardy Will. "Wani lokaci dole ne ku kira spade a spade: suna rufewa kuma a fili suna samun jagora daga sama."
John Gibler shine marubucin Ba a ci Mexico ba: Tarihi na Ƙarfi da Tawaye, mai zuwa a cikin Janairu 2009 daga City Lights Books, www.citylights.com. Shi ne Global Exchange Media Fellow kuma ya rubuta daga
http://www.democracynow.org/2008/10/20/ignoring_evidence_mexican_authorities_charge_activists
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