Source: Portside

Ya doke ni yadda na zo na zama shugaban Majalisar Aminci ta Amurka. Ina nufin, na san cewa jam’iyyar gurguzu ce ta ce in yi haka, amma ban san dalilin da ya sa, a cikin dukan mutane, ni ne aka zaɓa.

Da kyar na kasance yaron zinari na kwaminisanci mai biyayya, mai biyayya ga horo, mai son aiwatar da umarni ba tare da tunani ba, mai marmarin maimaita duk wata hikimar da aka samu daga shugabancin Jam'iyyar. A cikin shekaru 13 da na kasance memba, an riga an “kawo ni kan tuhume-tuhume” sau da yawa—kowane lokaci ta wurin wani kwamitin tsakiya ko memba na Ofishin Siyasa, gami da sau uku a kusa da balaguron ƙasa mara izini.

Bugu da ƙari, da yake an ƙi yarda da ni kuma wataƙila na ji tsoro ta wata hanya kaɗan don balaguron balaguro na duniya, tabbas shugabannin Jam'iyyar sun san ba ni da sha'awar lalata su. Maganar gaskiya, da wuya na yi la'akari da su ko kaɗan.

A halin yanzu, ban da haɗin gwiwa tare da tafiya zuwa Vietnam da Cuba, kuma na yi aiki tare da Cibiyar Watsa Labarai ta Tricontinental, Na kasance mai himma tare da Movemiento Pro-Independence (daga baya Partido Socialista) de Puerto Rico, kuma na shirya shigar Amurka a cikin Bikin shekara ɗari na El Grito de Lares, tashin Puerto Rica na farko da yaƙar Mulkin Sipaniya a 1868. Na kuma yi aiki tuƙuru don tallafawa 'yancin ɗan adam na Ireland ta Arewa a cikin shekarun "Matsalolin" kuma sau biyu na yi tafiya zuwa Dublin da Belfast da maki a cikin tsakanin, da Official IRA/Sinn Fein da kuma Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association karkashin jagorancin shugabannin jam'iyyar kwaminisanci a Derry da Belfast. (Aiki na tare da Ireland kamar ya guje wa sanarwar shugabancin jam'iyyar Amurka wanda bai damu da batun ba.)

Batun kasancewa - a matsayin la'akari da zaɓe na don tsara Majalisar Aminci ta Amurka - cewa a zahiri na san abubuwa. Ta hanyar dangantakara a NY tare da PLO da Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP), bangaren Markisanci na PLO, na san jakadan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya daga Jamhuriyyar Jama'ar Yaman (DPRY), mai zaman kanta a lokacin. Kasar Yemen ta Kudu karkashin jagorancin Markisanci, babban birninta shine Aden. Saboda haka, duk da cewa ba ni da wani matsayi a cikin shugabanci, amma na zama hanyar gayyatar jam'iyyar don aika tawaga zuwa Yemen ta Kudu da Lebanon don kulla dangantakar jam'iyya da jam'iyya da DPRY, DFLP, PLO da Communist Party of Lebanon.

Ina tsammanin na (aƙalla na ɗan lokaci) na fanshi kaina a idanun shugabancin jam'iyyar kuma an sake ɗauka cewa ni mai ƙarfi wanda zan iya ɗaukar nauyin shirya Majalisar Aminci ta Amurka.

Dalilin da ya sa aka kafa kungiyar ta USPC shi ne, Majalisar Zaman Lafiya ta Duniya (WPC), mai hedkwata a Helsinki, bayan kusan shekaru 30 na wanzuwar har yanzu ba ta da wata alaka da Amurka, duk da cewa kasarmu ita ce kasa ta farko a fagen soji a duniya, kuma ita ce mai samar da yaki.

An ƙaddamar da WPC a cikin 1950, yaƙin neman zaɓe na farko a kusa da neman zaman lafiya na Stockholm. Roƙon ya kasance ƙarar 'yan ƙasa a duniya don sokewa da haramta duk makaman nukiliya - mahaifiyata ita ce jagorar yakin a Los Angeles ta hanyar kungiyarta, Kudancin California Peace Crusade - wanda (a tsakanin wasu) Marc Chagall, WEB Dubois, Thomas Mann ya fara. , Pablo Neruda, Pablo Picasso, Dmitri Shostakovich, da Simone Signoret. Frederic Joliot-Curie, masanin kimiyyar lissafi na Faransa wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta Nobel, ya jagoranci yakin neman zabe kuma ya zama shugaban farko na sabuwar WPC. An yi amfani da cewa wasu daga cikin wadannan fitattun 'yan gurguzu ne aka yi amfani da su wajen bata kamfen. A raina, wannan ya sake komawa zuwa ga darajan 'yan gurguzu maimakon ya ragewa ƙoƙarin.

Amma wannan shi ne 1950, tunawa da kona mutane 200,000 da Amurka ta yi a Hiroshima da Nagasaki har yanzu sabo ne, an zana layin yakin cacar baka amma ba a yi tauri ba.

A shekara ta 1979, lokacin da muka fara USPC, WPC ta zama babba. Duk da yake da yawa daga cikin kwamitocinta na kasa-da farko amma ba kawai a yammacin Turai ba-. kasance masu aiki da kayan aiki, har ma da shugabannin, na ƙungiyoyin zaman lafiya na kasa, yawancin sun kasance masu bin doka kuma an tsara su - an rage su zuwa wasika da bayar da sanarwa ta hanyar sanarwa. Babban shugaban hukumar ta WPC shi ne tsohon shugabanta, Romesh Chandra, dan kwaminisanci na Indiya da ke gudun hijira, mai mulkin kama karya wanda ya ba da haske game da fadace-fadace na cikin gida har ta kai ga rashin kulawa da gina motsi. Wannan da ƙyar ya kasance nakasu na musamman; a cikin ƙasarmu, kowane adadin "shugabannin" na aiki, 'yancin jama'a da sauran ƙungiyoyi masu ci gaba sun fi son aikin arteriosclerosis zuwa ginin motsi. Yana da sauƙi a sarrafa tsarin mulki fiye da yin lissafi ga motsi.

’Yan shekaru kaɗan kafin shigaa da WPC, na kasance a wani wurin shan giya na Prague ina shan giya tare da Misha Altman, marubucin Hollywood baƙar fata, aka kai Turai Turai inda zai sami aikin da aka hana shi a Los Angeles. Na ɗan gajeren lokaci, ya yi aiki a matsayin wakilin WPC a Geneva. Kasancewa ɗan gudun hijira, Bayahude, kuma tsohon soja na yakin cacar baka ya baiwa Misha wayo, ra'ayi mai ido na duniya. Ya ba da labarin yadda, bayan nasarar da suka samu a Stalingrad, yayin da sojojin Red Army ke tafiya yamma, 'yan Nazi da suka mamaye Vienna sun sanya alluna a cikin birnin don kwantar da hankulan jama'a. "Yanayi mai tsanani, amma ba rashin bege ba," an karanta alamun. Misha ya ce akasin haka shine gaskiya game da WPC: "Halin da ba shi da bege, amma ba mai tsanani ba."

Don haka a can, a kowane hali, yanzu ni ne ke da alhakin shirya sabuwar kungiyar zaman lafiya ta kasa, reshen Amurka na WPC. Wannan shi ne 1979,

Abin da aka fahimta gabaɗaya shine "ƙunƙurin zaman lafiya" shine adadi mai mahimmanci na ƙungiyoyi masu sadaukarwa-da yawa (amma ba duka ba) waɗanda ke cikin al'adun addini da na zaman lafiya tare da dogayen hadisai masu daraja na faɗa, da faɗin gaskiya ga iko. Su ma ba ko da yaushe sun kasance fararen fata da matsakaicin matsayi. Wannan motsi ya fi mayar da hankali kan tseren makaman nukiliya tsakanin Amurka da USSR. Yunkurin “haɗin kai” na biyu, tare da tsarin alƙaluman jama'a iri ɗaya da tushen addini, ya mai da hankali kan goyon bayan ƙungiyoyin 'yanci da ke yaƙar gwamnatocin 'yan mulkin mallaka da na 'yan mulkin mallaka a Afirka da Latin Amurka.

Gudunmawar da ake yi ga yunkurin zaman lafiya gaba ɗaya da muke fatan bayarwa tare da Majalisar Aminci ta Amurka shine 1) don haɓaka ɓangaren masu aiki, kuma wanda ya kasance na kabilanci da yawa; 2) don bayyana dangantakar tattalin arzikin da rundunar soja-masana'antu ke mamaye da kuma gajeren canji, ba tare da ambaton talakawa masu aiki ba-musamman al'ummomin launi-da mahimman bukatunsu: gidaje masu kyau, makarantu masu kyau, kyakkyawar kiwon lafiya, da makamantansu; 3) da rungumar da haɗa tagwayen damuwa na kwance damarar makaman nukiliya da 'yantar da ƙasa.

Ba na son yin yaudara. Yayin da ni kaina memba ne na Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci, USPC ba ta kasance ƙungiyar Kwaminisanci ba. Misali shugabancinmu ya hada da wasu jami’an kungiyar kwadago da zababbun jami’an gwamnati (ciki har da wasu wadanda a yau suke kan mukaman da aka zaba).

Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci, saboda dukkan kurakuran ta - ciki har da wadanda ke kashewa - sun ba da gudummawa guda ɗaya ga al'adun siyasar Amurka da kuma musamman ma ƙungiyoyi don tabbatar da adalci na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki a cikin dagewarta kan yaki da wariyar launin fata da gina haɗin kai tsakanin kabilu daban-daban a matsayin cikakkiyar mahimmanci kuma. firamare. Babban abin yabarta, jam'iyyar ta yi yaki da wariyar launin fata da tsayin daka da jajircewa har ma da fuskantar mulkin KKK a Jim Crow ta Kudu.

Na yi imani - bisa la'akari da ayyukan motsa jiki na fiye da shekaru 20 - cewa ba za ku iya gina ƙungiyoyi masu launin fata da yawa ba, sai dai idan kun fara da irin wannan mahimmanci. Kusan dukkanin ƙungiyoyin zaman lafiya na ƙasa a cikin shekarun 1980 sun kasance da yawa idan ba fararen fata da matsakaita ba. Tun lokacin da na sauke karatu daga UC Berkeley shekaru 20 da suka gabata, Na yi aiki ne kawai a ƙungiyoyin kabilanci kuma na san ni da kaina ba zan ji daɗi a cikin yanayin fari ba, don haka muka tashi don gina wani abu daban.

Tabbas mun yi aiki kowace rana kan kwance damarar makaman nukiliya, amma kuma kan illar tattalin arzikin da aka yi amfani da shi na dindindin - lalata muhalli, hana makarantu masu kyau da kiwon lafiya ga iyalai matalauta da masu aiki, da makamantansu. Mun yi aiki cikin haɗin kai tare da mutanen El Salvador, Nicaragua, Chile, Falasdinu da sauran wurare don adawa da gwamnatocin da aka samar da dalar Amurka da makamai. Mun tattara dubunnan daruruwan sa hannun don ganin an sako Nelson Mandela, wanda har yanzu yake tsare a gidan yari bisa zargin ta'addanci daga gwamnatin wariyar launin fata, wanda gwamnatin Reagan ke marawa baya. (Bayan haka, an kama Mandela ta hanyar sabis na CIA kuma a hukumance gwamnatin Amurka ta ayyana shi a matsayin dan ta'adda.)

Daga lokacin da muka kafa USPC a 1979 - Wakilin John Conyers na Detroit shine babban mai magana - mun yi ƙoƙari mu shiga mafi mahimmancin ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ke aiki don zaman lafiya da lalata makaman nukiliya. Kasancewarmu ba koyaushe ake maraba da kuma akwai wasu ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce masu nasara don hana shiga mu. Duk da haka, kamar Sanata Elizabeth Warren a wani lokaci mai tsawo, mun dage.

Ƙungiya ɗaya da ta yarda da mu cikin hanzari ita ce Mobilisation for Survival a/k/a the Mobe, wani babban sashi na yaƙin nukiliya (duka makamai da tashoshin makamashi). Ronald Reagan ya hau karagar mulki kwanan nan kuma yana gab da cika alkawuran yakin neman zabensa na kara kaimi a yakin cacar baka, inda ya sanya makami mai linzami mafi ci gaba a Turai da kuma sanar da duniya cewa kasa ta farko da ta yi amfani da makaman kare dangi ba za ta yi kasala ba. zama na biyu.

Wata rana mai dusar ƙanƙara a cikin hunturu na 1981, na bar taron Mobe a Cocin Riverside a Manhattan's Morningside Heights, ina tafiya zuwa jirgin karkashin kasa tare da David McReynolds, wani tsohon shugaban ƙungiyar masu fafutukar kare zaman lafiya na War Resisters League da na Socialist Party, da David Cortright, a wancan lokacin shugaban kungiyar SANE (National Committee for a Sane Nuclear Policy). Daya daga cikin Davids guda biyu ya ambata cewa a cikin shekara mai zuwa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya za ta gudanar da taronta na musamman kan kwance damara (SSD) a nan New York. Dukanmu mun yarda cewa zai zama abin al'ajabi mu maraba da SSD tare da gagarumin taro a titunan birninmu. Mun amince da kawo wannan yiwuwar a taron na Mobe na gaba.

Tabbas an yi yarjejeniya nan da nan da haɗin kai don ginawa zuwa SSD. Wannan mataki ne na halitta tun lokacin da aka fi mayar da hankali kan daskarewar makaman nukiliya. Baya ga yin Allah wadai da yarjejeniyoyin sarrafa makamai na Amurka da Tarayyar Soviet da suka gabata, Reagan ya sanar da gina sojojin nukiliya na NATO tare da bam din neutron ("yana kashe mutane, ba dukiya ba" - cikakken makamin jari hujja) da sabon ƙarni na makamai masu linzami na Cruise da Pershing II a tsakiya. Turai da nufin gabas. Soviets, a nasu bangaren, sun fara maye gurbin tsofaffin makaman nukiliya da ingantattun makamai masu linzami na SS-20.

Shekaru biyu da suka gabata, Randall Forsberg, Ba’amurke, wanda ya yi aiki a Cibiyar Zaman Lafiya ta Duniya ta Stockholm, ya fara rarraba daftarin aiki, "Kira don dakatar da tseren makaman nukiliya," yana kira da a daskare kan gwaji, kera da tura duk wani makaman nukiliya. ta duka US da USSR. Ba da daɗewa ba "Daskarewa" ya zama babban abin da aka fi mayar da hankali kan motsi na kwance damara-SANE, Kwamitin Sabis na Abokan Amurka, Fellowship of Reconciliation da sauran kungiyoyin addini da masu fafutuka. Ya zama dabi'a cewa duk waɗannan ƙungiyoyi za su so daskarewa ta zama cibiyar babban taron.

Matsalar ita ce, yayin da suke zama mafi yawan ƙungiyoyin kwance damarar makamai, ƙungiyar ta kwance damarar wani yanki kaɗan ne kawai na jama'a. A cikin alƙaluma, tarurrukansu sun yi kama da Provo, Utah, fiye da Birnin New York. A lokacin da muka yi kokarin gabatar da ra'ayin fadada kawancen ya hada da mutane masu launi, kungiyoyin kwadago da makamantansu, an samu turjiya sosai. Waɗannan duka mutanen kirki ne, masu halin ɗabi'a masu kwazo. Amma kuma sun kasance lardi, waɗanda ba a amfani da su don yin aiki tare da mutane daban-daban, suna kishin haƙƙinsu da ikon mallakar batun kwance damarar, kuma suna damuwa game da "ƙara" batun tare da wasu buƙatu, misali ba da tallafin makarantu da kiwon lafiya a maimakon makamai masu linzami da sauran kayan yaƙi. . Tun da farko, ni ne mai yiwuwa na kasance mafi tsayin daka da babbar murya don faɗaɗa haɗin gwiwar - dole ne wani ya yi hakan - kuma akwai wasu da suka yi tunanin cewa, kasancewara ɗan gurguzu, ina da wata boyayyar manufa.

Abin baƙin ciki ya zama dole in tunatar da su - ko koya wa waɗanda ba su sani ba - cewa mutane irin su Dr. WEB DuBois da Paul Robeson suna cikin manyan jagororin ƙoƙarin dakatar da kera makamin nukiliya a shekarun baya-bayan nan, da kuma kawo ƙarshen yaƙin. Yaƙin Koriya; cewa Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Kudanci, da Dr. King sun kasance manyan shugabannin ƙungiyar yaki da Vietnam. Ba don sanya ma'ana mai kyau sosai ba, amma zaman lafiya da kwance damara ba “batun fari” ba ne. Bugu da ƙari, ƙungiyar ma'aikata sun fi kowa a kan gungumen azaba a cikin juyayin tafiya na lemmings na soja.

Ba na so in ba da ra'ayi cewa Majalisar Aminci ko kuma ni ne manyan 'yan wasa a cikin nasarar da ta haifar. Amma mun ba da gudummawa guda ɗaya kuma mai mahimmanci. Ba cewa tawa ce kawai muryar da ke yin gardama ba. Haɗuwa da ni sune ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa Leslie Cagan, David McReynolds na War Resisters League, Connie Hogarth, duk abubuwan ci gaba a yankunan arewacin NYC, kuma daga ƙarshe Cora Weiss. Cora ya gudanar da aikin kwance damara na Cocin Riverside, wanda ya shirya taronmu, tare da albarkar Rev. William Sloan Coffin. Cora ya kasance mai sadaukarwa da kuzari da siyasa a gefen mala'iku, ko da yake, an haife shi mai arziki, ya kula da kula da yawancin kowa a matsayin taimakon hayar.

Bayan tsawon watanni muna tafka muhawara da tattaunawa, wani taro daya muka nuna da abokan aikin Bakaken fata guda uku: Jack O'Dell, wanda ya kasance babban mataimaki ga Dr. King sannan kuma ga Rev. Jesse Jackson; Jim Bell, mataimakin shugaban gundumar 65, ƙungiyar masu sayar da kayayyaki da ma'aikatan ajiya, kuma shugaban babin NY na Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru; da Bill Lynch, watakila mafi wayo a siyasa dabarun a cikin birnin wanda zai zama mataimakin magajin gari a David Dinkins gwamnatin a 'yan shekaru daga haka.

Wasu daga cikin mutanen ba su sani ba, kamar yadda furucin ke da shi, ko za su yi shiru ko kuma za su hura agogon su. Amma yanzu an gabatar da su da cikakkiyar hujja. Kuma rayuwa ta ci gaba da tafiya ba tare da kama zuciya ɗaya ba. A cikin lokaci, wasu sun shiga kuma, musamman 1199, ƙungiyar kula da lafiya kuma mai yiwuwa ƙungiyar ƙwadago ce mai ci gaba a yankin.

Yawancin mutanen da na ambata a nan sun tafi yanzu-Bill Coffin, Jack O'Dell, Bill Lynch, Jim Bell, Connie Hogarth, David McReynolds a cikinsu. Ya isa a faɗi ranar 12 ga Yuni, 1982 Maris don Kashe Makaman Nukiliya da Bukatun Dan Adam da ba zai kasance babbar nasarar da ta samu ba idan ba a gare su ba.

Ɗaya daga cikin farkon wanda ya mutu, kuma wanda ya fi so ni, shine Sandy Pollack wanda jirginsa daga Havana zuwa Managua a 1985 ya fada cikin teku. Sandy yana da shekaru 35. Sama da abokai dubu ne suka taru don bikin tunawa da ita a Cocin Riverside inda Bill Coffin ya ce, “Watakila Sandy ba ta gaskata da Allah ba, amma Allah ya gaskanta da Sandy.”

Allah yasa haka. Sandy Pollack a hukumance shine "Mataimakin Babban Darakta" a Majalisar Aminci, amma wannan almara ne. A hakika ita ce shugabata ko abokiyar zama - mun raba aikin ne bisa ga ra'ayinmu. Ba zan samu ta wata hanya ba, haka ma ba za ta samu ba.

A cikin watannin da suka kai ga zanga-zangar Central Park da gangami, na halarci duk tarurrukan tsare-tsare kuma na yi jayayya da shirya don faɗaɗa shigar da ƙungiyoyin ƙwadago na New York da al'ummomin Baƙar fata da Latino. Da zarar an daidaita gardama, sai na tashi na bar Sandy ya taimaka ya gudanar da sashin "ayyukan" na ƙoƙarin. Aikin da Sandy ya yi—mafi tsanani a idona—shi ne samun izini daga birnin don ya mallaki tsakiyar garin Manhattan da Central Park a ranar 12 ga Yuni, 1982.

Sandy ba ta kasance mai wahala da wawaye cikin farin ciki ba, amma tana da haƙuri da jajircewarta na ɗan lokaci mai tsawo. Kwamishinan Parks na magajin Edward Koch shine Henry Stern kuma, alhali ba wawa ba ne, ya yiwa magajin gari wauta. Ba za mu iya amfani da Central Park ba tare da izinin Stern ba, kuma Stern ba zai ba da izini ba tare da albarkar Koch ba. Koch ba abokin motsi ba ne kuma ba shi da sha'awar ba mu wurin shakatawa. Dole ne Sandy ya rinjayi Stern da Koch su ba da abin da ba sa so.

Mu—kwamitin tsare-tsare—Mun yanke shawara a faɗuwar shekara ta 1981 cewa za mu taru a Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya akan titin Farko kuma mu yi tafiya zuwa wurin shakatawa. Don haka tattaunawa da birnin, watau Commissioner Stern, an fara wani lokaci a watan Nuwamba. Sandy, wani lokacin tare da abokin aiki (sau da yawa Leslie Cagan), ya fara ganawa akai-akai tare da Stern a ofishinsa a Central Park. Kowane mako biyu ko uku, Sandy ta kan tattara jakarta, littafin rubutu da sigari, ta fita daga ofishin Majalisar Aminci don saduwa da “mai ɗaukar nauyi” yayin da ita kuma na fara kiran Stern.

Lokacin da ta dawo duk lokacin da rashin samun ci gaba a taron da ya gabata, ba ta yi sanyi sosai ba amma ta yi tunanin ko watakila taron ya zama ɓata lokaci. Stern ya ji dadi sosai amma ya bayyana karara cewa ba shi ne zai yanke hukunci a shari'ar mu ba, sai ta magajin gari. Na ƙarfafa ta ta ci gaba da yin hakan, na gaya mata cewa dole ne mu kasance da bangaskiya ko da mun san Stern da Koch ba su yi ba. Na yi jayayya cewa ya kamata halinmu ya kasance, za mu yi tafiya mu mamaye dajin tsakiya; wato izini ne ko ba izini, kuma da ya bayyana yayin da kwanan watan ya yi kusa da aka ƙaddara, birnin zai ba mu izini. Ko babu.

Ba mu taba samun izini ba sai 'yan kwanaki kafin muzaharar da zanga-zangar, lokacin da Koch ya fahimci abin da Sandy ke gaya masa tsawon watanni: cewa dubun dubatar mazabarsa da ƙarin daruruwan dubun-dubatar mazauna garin za su kasance. a halarta. Ban san wannan a zahiri ba amma ina tsammanin cewa bayanan sirri na NYPD sun ba wa magajin gari labarin mara kyau. A kowane hali, mun sami izini. Za mu taru da yawa a kan titin First Avenue ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don yin zanga-zanga, yayin da taron ya jagoranci kasa 42.^nd zuwa Madison, Hanya na shida da Takwas don yin tafiya arewa har zuwa cikin wurin shakatawa.

An gudanar da zanga-zangar ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ne daga wata doguwar motar dakon kaya. Taurarin Hollywood Susan Sarandon da Roy Scheider sun kasance abokan hadaka kuma ni ne mai kula da dandali, ina horar da masu magana da masu nishadantarwa daban-daban. Gundumar 65 Jim Bell, mataimakin shugaban gundumar 65, na daya daga cikin mutanen da zan taimaka wajen daukar aiki a kwamitin tsare-tsare. Kuma jami’an tsaronsa ne suka kewaye motar da ke kwance.

Kusan sa'a guda a cikin taron, taron jama'a (yanzu sun mamaye dukkan titin First Avenue, gwargwadon yadda mutum zai iya gani a ko wanne bangare -Na ji wani a bakin titi yana kokarin jan hankalina. Kevin Lynch¸ memba ne na Majalisar Aminci Hukumar ta kasa da editan jaridar Gundumar 65 kuma ta haka ne na kawo shi cikin motar domin mu yi magana kan hayaniyar jama'a Kevin ya so in san cewa, a wajen dawakan da ke tare da motar , Magajin gari Koch ya zo ya tambaye shi ko zai iya magana Kevin yana so ya sani, "Me zan gaya masa?" Za yi."

Daga baya na ga Kevin kuma na tambayi abin da ya faru da Koch. Da yawa clichés ne clichés domin su ne truisms. Amma yayin da na karanta labarai da yawa—wataƙila na fara da Santa Claus—game da mutanen da ke da idanu masu “kyau,” Ba na jin na taɓa sanin kowa sai na sadu da Kevin. Don haka Kevin ya ce, “Na koma wurin magajin gari na ce, 'Yar darajar ku, kun ga babban mutumin a cikin motar? To na tambaye shi ko za ka iya magana, sai ya umarce ni da in ce ka je ka baci da kanka.” Kyakkyawa.

Duk ranar babbar nasara ce amma a matakin mutum, wannan shine lokacin da ya fi gamsarwa.

New York ba ta taɓa ganin wani abu kamar wannan taron ba. Babu inda aka samu a Amurka. Ita ce zanga-zanga mafi girma a tarihinmu. Duban iska na tsakiyar garin Manhattan zai ga tekun mutane. Jama'ar sun yi cunkoso a kowace hanya kuma da yawa sun tsallaka tituna. A lokacin da suka taru a Central Park, sun kai miliyan daya.

Daga cikin masu yin wasan kwaikwayo a wurin shakatawa akwai Bruce Springsteen, Linda Ronstadt, Gary US Bonds, James Taylor, Jackson Browne, Joan Baez. Amma ba a sanar da kowa ba tukuna. Yawancin masu shirya taron ba su san wanda zai kasance a wurin ba. Mutanen sun zo wurin shakatawa ne saboda suna son zaman lafiya, kwance damara, sake tsara abubuwan da suka shafi ƙasa tun daga bindigogi zuwa man shanu, ko wataƙila daga makamai masu linzami zuwa margarine. Ba su zo don waƙa ba—ko da yake kowa ya sami lokaci mai daɗi.

Springsteen, babban ɗan wasa mai suna, na iya yi waƙa a gaban mutane miliyan gaba ɗaya a rangadin filin wasa na birni 12. Amma ba a wuri ɗaya lokaci ɗaya ba. Don haka 12,1982 ga Yuni, XNUMX ba kawai zanga-zangar zaman lafiya mafi girma a tarihin Amurka ba har ma da babbar mashahuran kide-kide a tarihin duniya.

Wannan shine labarina, kuma na dage da shi.

Michael Myerson shi ne marubucin Waɗannan su ne Kyawawan Tsohon Kwanaki: Zuwan Zamani a Matsayin Radical a cikin Marigayi, Marigayi Shekaru na Amurka, Memories of Under Development: The Revolutionary Films of Cuba, Watergate: Crime in the Suites, Nothing Can Be Finer, The ILGWU: A Union Wannan Yaƙi don Ƙananan Albashi, Mai Ba da Shawara da Mai fafutuka: Memoirs na Lauyan Kwaminisanci na Amurka (mawallafin marubuci). Ya yi iƙirarin yana aiki akan wasu abubuwan tunawa waɗanda sune tushen wannan labarin.

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