Wannan shine bikin cika shekaru 75 na John Steinbeck's "The inab of Wrath," lokaci mai kyau don lura da muhimmiyar rawar da marubucin ya taka wajen taimakawa wajen samun adalci na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki ga ma'aikatan gona na Amurka da ake zalunta na dindindin.
Ya tada kasar da ba ta misaltuwa har zuwan United Farm Workers a cikin 1960s tare da kauracewa ayyukanta da sauran ayyukan tallafi da Cesar Chavez ya jagoranta.
"Inabin Fushi," Littafin Litattafan Pulitzer na Steinbeck wanda ya lashe lambar yabo na 1939, ya yi tasiri mafi girma. Babban abin ban mamaki, a rubuce a sarari, almara na haƙiƙanin ƙaura waɗanda suka bar gonakinsu na fari a Oklahoma da sauran jihohin kudu da kudu maso yamma don neman aiki a gonakin da kamfanoni ke sarrafa California shine mafi kyawun siyarwa. Kamar yadda ya yi nasara, shahararriyar kuma ta tabbata ita ce sigar fim ɗin da ke nuna tauraron Henry Fonda.
Masu noma da abokansu a siyasa da jami'an tsaro sun yi Allah wadai da Steinbeck a matsayin makaryaci kuma mafi muni, sun yi masa barazanar cutar da shi kuma sun sa aka dakatar da kona littafin a yankunan gonaki da dama.
Abokan hamayyar littafin sun ji tsoro, fiye da komai, cewa zai sa a tallafa wa ma'aikatan gona 'yancin haɗin kai.
Yawancin gajerun labarai na aikin jarida na farko na Steinbeck da kuma litattafai kuma sun fallasa yanayin ma'aikata yadda ya kamata. Hakan ya haɗa da murkushe yajin aikin da suka yi a farkon da tsakiyar 1930 don neman haƙƙin ƙungiyar.
Damuwar jama'a game da yadda ake kula da su ya kai kololuwa bayan da kwarin San Joaquin ya fuskanci mummunar ambaliyar ruwa a 1938. Steinbeck da wasu sun shaida wa kasar dubban iyalai marasa matsuguni da yunwa da jami'ai da masu noma da suka yi yaki don hana hukumomin tarayya shigo da su. abinci da magunguna gare su, don kada ya rage musu sha'awar ɗaukar ayyukan yi komai munin albashi da yanayi.
A cikin ɗaya daga cikin jerin labaran da aka yaɗa don The San Francisco News, Steinbeck ya ba da rahoton cewa "an garke ma'aikata kamar dabbobi. Ana amfani da kowace hanya mai yuwuwa don sanya su jin ƙasƙanci da rashin tsaro. A dan kankanin zargin da ake yi na cewa mutanen na shirya ana gudu da su ne daga gidan kiwo a wurin da ake bindigu. Manya-manyan masu kiwon dabbobi sun san cewa idan har aka kafa kungiya za a kashe kudin bandaki, shawa, yanayin rayuwa mai kyau da karin albashi.”
Labarun da wasu a cikin mujallar The Nation da sauran wurare sun jagoranci ƴan wasan allo (da kuma daga baya 'yar majalisa) Helen Gahagan Douglas ta kafa Kwamitin John Steinbeck don Taimakawa Kungiyar Aikin Noma. Amma abokan aikin noma a Majalisar Dokokin Jiha sun toshe yunƙurin kwamitin na samun haƙƙin ciniki ga ma'aikatan gona.
Duk da haka, akwai fatan cewa karuwar matsin lamba na jama'a zai haifar da ma'aikatan gona karkashin dokar tarayya da ta bai wa ma'aikatan masana'antu 'yancin yin aiki a 'yan shekarun baya. Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Amurka karkashin jagorancin Wisconsin Progressive Robert La Follette Jr., ya kammala, bayan jerin kararrakin da aka yi ta wayar da kan jama'a a California Wanda aka yi wahayi da shi a babban bangare ta rubuce-rubucen Steinbeck, cewa ya kamata a tsawaita dokar tarayya ga aikin gona.
Amma a lokacin da aka ba da shawarar a hukumance a shekara ta 1942, yakin duniya na biyu ya kasance. Yawancin ma'aikatan gona na bakin haure suna cikin aikin soja ko kuma suna aiki a cikin tsire-tsire masu biyan kuɗi kaɗan, kuma masu noma suna buƙatar maye gurbin masu ƙarancin albashi kamar yadda yake da mahimmanci ga ƙoƙarin yaƙi. Sun same su ta hanyar shirin bracero na tarayya wanda ya ba da wadataccen abinci mara iyaka
ma'aikatan wucin gadi daga Mexico. Samuwar su cikin sauƙi ya haifar da shinge ga haɗin gwiwar aikin gona wanda UFW ta keta shi kawai bayan an ƙare shirin a 1964.
Steinbeck ya kuma ci gaba da nuna damuwa bayan barkewar yakin. Amma ya ba da taimako mai kima ga gungun Amurkawa waɗanda ke matukar buƙatarsa kuma ya ƙarfafa su kuma ya taimaka musu su sami ingantacciyar magani.
Haƙƙin mallaka 2014 Dick Meister, marubucin San Francisco wanda ya shafi aiki da siyasa tsawon rabin ƙarni a matsayin ɗan rahoto, edita, marubuci kuma mai sharhi. Ya haɗu da "Dogon Lokaci mai zuwa: Gwagwarmayar Haɗin Ma'aikatan Gona na Amurka" (Macmillan.). Tuntube shi a gidan yanar gizon sa, www.http://dickmeister.com
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