"Shin da gaske kuna son zama a kasar da jam'iyya daya ke da burin lashe fadar White House ta yadda za su zagaya don ganin sun wahalar da mutane su kada kuri'a idan mutane ne masu launin fata, talakawa ko kuma 'yan gudun hijira na farko?" - Bill Clinton akan dokokin ID na Republican
Wasu abokai suna kallon tarihin Amurka cikin bacin rai kamar halin da muke ciki na nufin Amurka mai girma da gaske ta ruguje.
Shin wannan Amurka ce aka kafa ta akan bauta? Kundin Tsarin Mulki, wanda ya yi ƙoƙari ya soke kowane bangare na dimokuradiyya kai tsaye?
Maganganun jam'iyyar Tea Party na da'awar wakiltar dabi'un Ubannin Kafa, wadanda ba su yi imani da dimokuradiyya, addini, ko maganar banza ta kasuwa ba. Dimokuradiyya, ga masu hannu da shuni a wancan lokaci da kuma yanzu, yana nufin cewa talakawa marasa dukiya (talakawa) wata rana za su yi mulki - idan sun koyi amfani da kuri'a. Ga oligarchs mafi rinjaye mutane ne na kasa da ba su cancanci yanke shawara ga masu ilimi da masu arziki ba. Ga 1%, biliyan biliyan da iyalansu, ra'ayin talakawan yanke shawarar yin tasiri kan dukiyarsu yana da daɗi, ko kuma kamar yadda suke kira "yaƙin aji."
Oligarchs sun yanke shawarar, tuntuni, cewa za su yi mulki na dindindin. Babban ci gaba na baya-bayan nan ya sami taimakon Kotun Koli (Citizens United) domin manyan masu arziki su mallaki” zaben 2012. Babbar kotun da ke maida martani ta bude kofa ga manyan kamfanoni na ba da gudummawa ga yakin neman zabe. Kwatanta alkawarin da Sheldon Adelson ya yi na dala miliyan 100 zuwa matsakaicin adadin da ma'aikaci zai iya ba da gudummawa.
'Yan jam'iyyar Republican sun kuma yi ƙoƙarin iyakance shiga cikin jefa ƙuri'a ta hanyoyi da yawa, gami da tura abin da ake kira dokokin ID na masu jefa kuri'a waɗanda za su buƙaci tantance hoto na duk masu jefa ƙuri'a. Karancin kuri'un talakawa, mafi alheri ga oligarchs. A Ohio, GOP ne ke iko da majalisu biyu na Majalisar Dokoki, Gwamna, Sakatariyar Ofishin Jiha, da Kotun Koli na Jiha. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan zaɓen 2008, ta ƙaddamar da dokar ID ɗin hoto mai tsauri da aka tsara don ba da haƙƙin ɗaruruwan dubban da ake zargin 'yan jam'iyyar Democrat ne, kamar yadda ake yi a wasu jahohin Amurka Tun daga shekara ta 2009, GOP na Ohio ya wanke kusan 'yan ƙasa miliyan daga cikin jerin sunayen masu jefa ƙuri'a na jihar. . Wannan ya kai kusan kashi 15% na kusan kuri'u miliyan 5.2 da aka kirga na shugaban kasa a jihar a shekarar 2008. Wannan wanke-wanke ya mayar da hankali ne kan kananan hukumomin da galibin birane ne da kuma Demokradiyya. Bugu da ƙari, an shigar da na'urorin zaɓe na lantarki a ko'ina cikin jihar, waɗanda mallakar, sarrafa, tsarawa da kiyaye su - kuma za a ƙidaya su - ta kamfanoni masu haɗin gwiwar Republican.
Abin ban mamaki, ’yan kasuwa masu arziki na Mexiko wataƙila sun fara yin koyi da mu. Ko kuwa masu kudin mu sun dauki darasi daga takwarorinsu na Mexico? Rundunar ‘yan kasuwa ta kasa-da-kasa ta ’yan kasuwan zabe ta bullo da ita wacce ke daukar kanta a matsayin mafi girma a bangarorin biyu na kan iyaka.
Kafin zaben watan Yuli na wannan shekara, jam'iyyar Institutionalized Revolutionary Party (PRI) da ke mulkin Mexico tsawon rabin karni har zuwa 2000 ta sayi katunan kyauta da katunan kuɗin waya ga masu siyayya a sarkar kantin kayan miya na Mexico don samun kuri'unsu ga dan takarar PRI Peña Nieto. . Rahoton Sabis na Bincike na Majalisa da aka bayar a ranar 4 ga Satumba, 2012, ya yarda cewa wasu kungiyoyin sa ido na cikin gida masu zaman kansu “sun gano cewa sayen kuri’a, tsoratarwa, da wasu kura-kurai sun lalata tsarin zaben.” (Clare Ribando Seelke, Zaɓen 2012 na Mexico, Sabis na Bincike na Majalisa, Satumba 4, 2012, shafi na 9)
Masu aiko da rahotannin Associated Press da British Guardian sun yi hira da masu siyayya da suka cika kantin sayar da kayan abinci na Soriana kwana biyu bayan zaben don karbar katunan. Masu sayayyar sun shaida wa manema labarai cewa jami’an PRI sun ba su katinan kudi na abinci ko na waya, domin neman kuri’unsu ga dan takarar PRI.
A ranar 4 ga Yuli, Guardian ta ruwaito cewa aƙalla 28% na masu jefa ƙuri'a da aka yi hira da su sun yarda cewa sun ci karo da sayen kuri'a da kuma dabarun tilastawa a madadin 'yan takarar PRI. Amma duk da haka nan take shugaba Obama ya kira dan takarar shugaban kasa na PRI domin taya shi murna tare da yaba tsarin dimokuradiyyar kasar da hukumominta.”
PRI, kamar jam'iyyar Republican ta Amurka, ta sayi haɗin gwiwar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun talbijin, Televisa da Tv Azteca, kuma sun ƙaddamar da gagarumin yaƙin neman zaɓe. A kan matakin bugawa, masu goyon bayan PRI sun saka hannun jari sosai a cikin jaridun Excelsior, El Universal, da El Sol de Mexico kuma sun sami labarai masu daɗi. A cikin Laredo, alal misali, shirin "Buen dia Laredo" ya ba da rahoto mai kyau akan PRI da / ko PAN kuma ko da yaushe yana da mummunar tasiri akan dan takarar PRD, ko kuma kawai bai ambaci shi ko yakin neman zabensa ba.
Wannan tashin hankalin ya hada da labaran kuri'ar jin ra'ayin jama'a na bogi da ke bayyana PRI a matsayin wanda aka fi so ta hanyar yin lambobi kawai. Gwamnonin PRI da dama ma sun yi amfani da kasafin kudin daga gwamnatocin jihohinsu wajen gudanar da yakin neman zaben PRI, ba wai wata hanya ta doka ba. Haka lamarin ya faru a jihar Mexico wadda gwamnanta kuma shi ne dan takarar shugaban kasa na PRI.
Hukumar zabe mai zaman kanta ta Mexico da ake kira Instituto Federal Electoral and Tribunal Electoral del Poder Judicial da aka kafa don sa ido kan zabuka da tabbatar da adalci bai yi wani abin da ya hana magudin zabe ba, ko kuma ya nuna cewa kuri'un PRD ba a kidaya ba, ko kuma kuri'un PAN da PRI sun wuce kidaya. . Maimakon sanin haramtacciyar doka, waɗannan cibiyoyi ba su kalli shaidar ba kuma ba su neme ta ba, kuma sun ƙi yin la'akari da ko ɗaya daga cikin tuhume-tuhumen. Har ila yau an ba Kotun damar yin nazari, tantancewa da kuma bincikar tuhume-tuhumen da aka gabatar, amma alkalan kotun sun tabbatar da zaben a matsayin doka kuma ya dace.
Kotun sauraren kararrakin zabe ta Mexico ta ki amincewa da karar da dan takarar jam'iyyar PRD Manuel Lopez Obrador ya shigar inda ya bukaci a sauya sakamakon zaben tare da yin kira da a gudanar da sabon zabe. Sai dai alkalin zaben ya sanar da cewa "babu wata hujja ta sayen kuri'u." Alkalan ba su yi hira da kowane mai karɓar kati ba kuma sun yi watsi da shaidar bidiyo da ke ba da lamuni ga waɗannan ikirari.
Kotun kolin Mexico ta ce babu wata hujjar aikata laifukan zabe. Duk da haka, PRD da ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa sun ba wa alkalan takarda mai shafi 638 mai ɗauke da dubban misalan ayyukan da ba su dace ba da suka shafi zaɓen. Alkalan ba su bude takardar ba amma duk da haka sun bayyana cewa: "Ba a nuna cewa an ba da su (katunan) ga 'yan kasa ba, ko kuma idan hakan ta faru, an yi shi da sharadin zabar wani dan takara." Daga karshe alkalin kotun ya sauya kalaman, inda ya ce mutanen da suka karbi katunan abinci kyauta sun riga sun sadaukar da PRI masu kada kuri’a da ma’aikata ko ta yaya.
Eduardo Huchim na Alianza Civica, wata kungiya ce ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke tallafawa, ya bayyana zaben 2012 a matsayin "ba shi da tsafta ko adalci." Wannan dai ba shi ne satar zabe ta farko a Mexico ba. Babban juyin juya halin Mexico a cikin 1910 ya fara a ƙarƙashin tutar "zaɓi mai tasiri, babu sake zaɓe." Amma duk da haka, an ci gaba da satar zaɓe a 1939, 1987 da 2006. Viva la democracia.
Har yanzu jiga-jigan kasar Mexico na kokarin boye hannayensu na siyasa saboda har yanzu Kotun Kolinsu ba ta sanar da mutanensu cewa arzikin kamfanoni wani nau'i ne na 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki kamar yadda Citizens United ta yi wa jama'ar Amurka.
Don haka akwai kwararan hujjoji da ke nuna cewa manyan jiga-jigan Amurka da na Mexico sun sabunta satar zabe. Tsofaffin akwatunan zabe da matattun mutane suna kada kuri'a a yanzu sun bayyana a matsayin dabarun lalata.
Tsoron manyan mutane biyu game da yadda suke mutunta dimokuradiyya ya zama abin ban haushi.
WASIYYAR Saul Landau DAN TA'ADDA NA GASKIYA DON ALLAH KU TSAYA Allon kallo a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Clinton na Portland Oregon, Satumba 13.
Nelson Valdes farfesa Emeritus ne a Jami'ar New Mexico.
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