Norman Sulemanu
Amurkawa da yawa
sun ga mafarkin dijital na sadarwar duniya da aka bayyana a sarari akan TV
tallace-tallace don Cisco Systems. Ƙaunar inganta jigon sa na "ƙarfafawa da
Ƙarfafa Intanet, "katafaren kamfani mai fasaha ya biya kyawawan tallace-tallace masu yawa
tare da kyawawan yara daga ƙasashe daban-daban suna tambayar: "Shin kun shirya?"
Zuwa yanzu, mu
fahimci cewa amsawarmu ya kamata ya zama-dole ne — tabbatacce. Amma mu
amsar mafi kyau na iya zama tambaya: "Shirya don me?"
A littafinsa
Sadarwar Duniya, 1794-2000, Mattelart yana nuna tunanin da suke da shi
fadin nahiyoyi da karnoni. “Kowace ƙarni na fasaha ya ba da wani
sabuwar dama don yada manyan labarun gabaɗaya da kuma
sulhunta jama'a a karkashin tsarin wayewar Yammacin Turai." Ko da
kayan aikin da ba a taɓa ganin irinsu ba sune layin dogo, igiyoyin ruwa na ruwa ko
ikon mallakar lantarki, masu tallatawa sun yi magana game da abubuwan ban mamaki. Amma gibin ya yi yawa
tsakanin "alƙawura don kyakkyawar duniya saboda fasaha" da "gaskiyar
gwagwarmayar sarrafa na'urorin sadarwa." Elite sun ci nasara akai-akai
gwagwarmaya.
A cikin namu
lokaci, fasaha ya bayyana sau da yawa don bayar da hanyoyin magance matsalolin duniya.
“A karshen shekarun 1970, ana kai wa kasa-kasa hari ta bangarori biyu:
an zarge shi da girma da yawa don magance ƙananan matsalolin rayuwar ɗan adam
kuma kadan ne don magance manyan…. A matsayin hanyar fita daga wannan rikice-rikice biyu,
hanyoyin sadarwa da sadarwa sun zama maganin.”
Amma hucksterism
ya ci gaba da dannewa: “Talla, wanda da farko ya yi kama da kadan
fiye da na zamani tallace-tallace dabara, a hankali ya zama vector na
tallace-tallace na gaba ɗaya hanyar sadarwa kuma, don haka, maɓalli
fasalin yanayin jama'a," in ji Mattelart. A kwanakin nan, yana da facile
ƙwaƙƙwaran kamfani don daidaita yanke shawara na dimokiradiyya tare da siyayya ta duniya.
“Kamfanonin talla suna ƙoƙarin gina manyan al'ummomin ketare
na masu amfani waɗanda duk ke raba 'salon zamantakewa,' nau'ikan amfani, da
ayyukan al’adu.”
Yau, mun ji
sabon juzu'in abin da Mattelart ya kira "maganun Almasihu game da
dabi'un dimokuradiyya na fasaha." Yin hidima azaman allon hayaƙi don rashin daidaituwa
gata da ƙarfafa ƙarfi, irin wannan furucin da ake yawan yi
"Haɗin Duniya" - haɗin gwiwar kamfanoni - a matsayin wata hanya mai ma'ana ta zahiri
karfafa wadata da karfafa dimokradiyya. “Ra’ayin ya samu gindin zama
kalaman ciniki na 'yanci cewa yaduwar samfuran masana'antar nishaɗi
kai tsaye take kaiwa ga farar hula da 'yancin siyasa, kamar dai matsayin na
mabukaci sun yi daidai da na ɗan ƙasa."
Mattelart bayanin kula
“Saurin saurin da ƙasashen Asiya da Latin Amurka suka daidaita
fasahar dijital da fa'idar da suka yi amfani da ita." Amma akwai a
ban tausayi gefe. “Ba za mu iya musun, duk da haka, waɗannan sabbin hanyoyin zamani na zamani ba
zama tare-a matsayin gefen na biyu na tsabar kudin-tare da tsarin galloping na
Talauci da kuma kebe manyan sassan jama’a.”
An fassara daga
Faransanci kuma an buga shi a Amurka a bara, littafin Mattelart
ya kalubalanci abin da ya zama ruwan dare game da duniyar Intanet. Paris da -
ƙwararren masani yana kan manufa: “Ra'ayin tsaka-tsaki na al'umma ne kawai zai iya ruɗi
mutane a cikin imani cewa za a iya rage hangen nesa na duniya zuwa zama
fallasa ga alamun ƙasashen waje da bayanan iyaka, shirye-shirye da
sabobin. Haɗin kai da duniya ma, kuma sama da duka, al'amari ne na
kwarewa. ”
Amma na kwarai
gwaninta ya yi nisa da nau'in roba da yawancin kafofin watsa labaru na duniya ke bayarwa,
gudana ta wasu rutsan da aka ƙarfafa mu mu yi kuskure don rayuwa kanta.
"Tsarin tsara ma'ana ta hanyar digitization na ilimi a ƙarƙashin a
takamaiman samfurin yanayin ƙasa, ” Mattelart ya lura. "Haɗarin shine yana iya
sanya a matsayin ma'auni na duniya wani yanayin tunani na musamman da
ji…” A lokaci guda, a zahiri, sabon mediaspeak yakan yi daidai da
duniya tare da kasuwa.
Duk da haka
sadarwa daga tushe, haɗa mutane a duniya kamar yadda suke
yi ƙoƙari don 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki da adalci na zamantakewa, ya kasance burin da ake nema.
Wani kyakkyawan aiki yana tafiya a wannan hanya. Misali, sabon abu
gidan yanar gizon da kwanan nan yayi bikin cikarsa na farko-www. MediaChannel.org - shi ne
tsayayye tushen labarai, rahotanni, albarkatu da ra'ayi, "wanda ke nuna abun ciki daga
fiye da 600 kungiyoyin al'amurran watsa labarai a duk duniya." Kafa 'yan watanni a baya, da
Cibiyar Watsa Labarai Mai Zaman Kanta ta duniya (www.indymedia.org) ita ce
babbar hanyar shiga zuwa ayyukan kafofin watsa labaru masu ci gaba a nahiyoyi da dama.
Irin wannan m
yunƙurin sun bambanta da samfuran multimedia conglomerates.
Yana da wayo don fitar da ra'ayoyin ɗan adam yayin da ake neman neman ɓatanci
don rabon kasuwar duniya. "Ba da daɗewa ba, duk ra'ayoyinmu za su kasance marasa iyaka," a
Cisco Systems na kasuwanci ya bayyana. "Ka shirya?"
Z
Norman Sulemanu ɗan jarida ne da aka haɗe. Littafinsa na baya-bayan nan shine The
Dabi'un Kafofin Yada Labarai Masu Ruɗi.