Umthombo: Inequality.org
Ukuhlakanipha kwethu okujwayelekile kwezepolitiki, lapha e-United States, kuvame ukubona abantu bezizwe ngezizwe njengabalingani abangaphelele banoma yiluphi uhlobo, abaguquli abangenalwazi nabaguquli abangaqondi nje ukuthi โumhlaba wangempelaโ usebenza kanjani. Kodwa ama-utopia anamuhla angenalwazi, asikisela okwakamuva ukucabanga kusuka kusomnotho wezepolitiki Abby Innes, empeleni siqhamuke ekugcineni komkhakha wethu wezombangazwe. Lezi zithombe bheka imakethe โnjengomkhakha wenkululeko yeqinisoโ wabantu kuphela kanye nohulumeni njengosongo oluqondile kuleyo nkululeko, umbono womhlaba ngokuvamile ohambisana nelebula elithi โneoliberalism.โ
Le thegi "ye-neoliberal", kubantu abaningi baseMelika, ngeke idideke kakhulu. โAma-Neoliberalโ awahlobene ngalutho ne-New Deal kanye ne-Great Society โama-liberalsโ aphakathi nekhulunyaka lama-20, abashisekeli bezinguquko ababekholelwa ukuthi uhulumeni unendima ebalulekile okufanele ayidlale kwezomnotho, umthwalo wemfanelo wokuqapha nokuvikela umphakathi. inzalo kuyo yonke into kusukela kumaholo, amahora, nezimo zokusebenza kuya ekukhangisweni kwezinkampani kanye nokuhlanganiswa.
Ama-Neoliberal akholelwa okuphambene kakhulu. Babona abaphathi ezinkampanini, kuphawula u-Innes, umhlaziyi waseLondon School of Economics, โnjengabakhi abahlonishwayo bengcebo yesizweโ โokuzilawula kwaboโ okuyohlala โkungcono kunezinyathelo zezwe.โ Ngokunciphisa leso senzo sombuso, ama-neoliberals abambelele, imiphakathi ingakwazi ukufanisa ukuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo "ngokuphelele, ukusebenza kahle okungaguquki." Kulo mhlaba โophelele, ongenazingxabanoโ, โabanikazi bamasheya abawazi konkeโ bazosebenzisa โngokuzenzakalelayoโ inzuzo ekutshalweni okuzosizuzisa sonke.
Lokhu kwamukelwa okujabulisayo kwemakethe kunezimpande ezibuyela emuva ekuqaleni kwawo-1800, izimpande ezabuna kakhulu phakathi nekhulu lama-20. Ukukhulekelwa kwezimakethe, njengoba isazi-mlando sezomnotho esinethonya uKarl Polanyi akubeka ngo-1944, kwaba โimfundiso eyinkohliso.โ Kodwa lokhu kukhohlisa kuzobuya ngamandla engxenyeni yokugcina yekhulu lama-20, nhlangothi zombili ze-Atlantic. Ngokhetho lukaMargaret Thatcher e-UK ngo-1979 kanye nokunqoba okhethweni luka-Ronald Reagan ngo-1980, izimiso eziyisisekelo ze-neoliberalism zazizoba uhlelo olujwayelekile omongameli baseMelika - bazo zombili izinhlangothi - abalushumayela futhi balwenza.
Namuhla, ngemva kweminyaka engamashumi amane, sonke siphila nomphumela osangulukisayo. I-United States yethu isiphenduke lokho u-Innes akubiza ngokuthi โisimo sezinto ezibonakalayo sesikhathi sekwephuzile,โ izulu lezikhulu zezinkampani eziphethe umnotho wethu futhi zonakalisa ezombangazwe zethu, isihogo esingalingani ngokujulile ezigidini zemizi elwela ukuzuza - noma ukugcina - noma yini eseduze. esimweni sezinga eliphakathi.
Esigabeni sethu sokugcina sokuthanda izinto ezibonakalayo, abacebile nezinkampani abaziphethe abakawunciphisi uhulumeni. Sebeyithumbile. Futhi ngalokhu kubanjwa, amaqembu ezombusazwe ngokwawo azibeka engozini, kuphawula u-Innes, โabayizisulu zalabo abakhetha ezombangazwe ukuze bazuze ngasese ngokuyinhloko.โ Uma le miphefumulo enentshisekelo yodwa ikhuphukela engqungqutheleni yezombangazwe, amaqembu ezombusazwe abe eseba โabathengisi bezinkampani abaphethe ukusatshalaliswa okuqhubekayo kwemali engenayo yomphakathi kanye nerenti ezandleni zabantu.โ
U-Innes uyaphawula: โIpolitiki eshisekela abantu abaningi, enegunya, iba indlela ephumelelayo yokunqanda le makethe.โ
Sisale sibuka i-utopia yabacebile. Umkhakha kahulumeni olokhu ukhohlakala kakhulu, umkhakha wangasese olokhu udla lubi nakakhulu, ucindezela labo abahola kancane futhi elincane ngawo wonke amathuba futhi โutshale kabushaโ izinzuzo eziwumphumela ekukhokheni okukhulu nakakhulu kubanikazi bamasheya nezikhulu.
Ingabe singasibalekela lesi โsimo sezinto ezibonakalayo sesigaba sekwephuzileโ? Singakwazi, kodwa kuphela uma sigxilisa amandla ethu ezepolitiki ekwehliseni ukuqoqwana okumangazayo kwengcebo namandla okugcizelela ukukhubazeka kwethu kwezepolitiki, izinkinga zomnotho, kanye nokungqubuzana okunenzondo kwamasiko.
Okumangazayo kakhulu? Singakuchaza kanjani okunye ukuqoqwa komcebo esiye sabhekana nakho kule minyaka engamashumi amane edlule. Amaphakethe ayishumi ajulile aseMelika, iBloomberg Billionaires Index uyazisa us, yaphela u-2021 ngenani lemali yomuntu siqu phezu $100 billion. Emuva ngo-1982, unyaka Forbes yethule uhlu lwayo lwaminyaka yonke lwabacebe kakhulu baseMelika abangama-400, umuntu ocebe kakhulu ezweni ubambe nje imali eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili zamaRandi, ingcebo ebiza amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-2 kumadola anamuhla.
Lokho kuqala Forbes I-400 ku-1982 ohlwini osozigidigidi base-US abayi-13 kuphela, iningi labo elixhumene ne-Big Oil, imboni ematasa yenza inzuzo ngekhefu lentela elinenzuzo kakhulu laseMelika. Ingqikithi yenhlanhla yalabo 13 1982 bezigidigidi: cishe amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-55, ngamadola anamuhla. Kusukela kulokhu kuwa okudlule, i-United States ziqhayisa Amabhiliyoni angama-745, anenani elihlanganisiwe elibiza ngaphezulu kwama- $ 5 isigidintathu.
Ingabe abantu abafayo bangakwazi ukubekela inselele ngokungathi sรญna ukuqoqwa kwengcebo engaka? Impela. Thina bantu baseMelika abanesizotha sike sakwenza lokho ngaphambili - futhi saba nempumelelo enkulu.
Enkathini Yokuqala YaseMelika Eqinile, amashumi eminyaka afinyelela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, abacebile bethu abakhulu babenenhlanhla, ngokwemibandela elinganiselwe, eyadlula isizwe ngonya njengoba ingcebo enkulu yenza namuhla. Kodwa amashumi eminyaka omzabalazo wokulingana ngabe phuca lezo nhlanhla ezinkulu zeNkathi Ekhiqiziwe zehle zize zibe yingxenyana yenani layo eliphakeme, futhi, ngeminyaka yawo-1950, i-United States yayizoqhubeka nokuzala isimanga esingakaze sibonwe noma kuphi emhlabeni: inqwaba yesigaba esiphakathi.
Mhlawumbe ngolunye usuku sizobona u-2021 njengenani eliphezulu lesimanje lenhlanhla enkulu yangasese e-United States. Mhlawumbe izazi-mlando zangomuso - uma senza ingxenye yethu onyakeni ozayo - zizokhomba ku-2022 njengonyaka lelo nani eliphakeme liqale ukudlula.
USam Pizzigati uhlela ngokuhlanganyela i-Inequality.org. Izincwadi zakhe zakamuva zihlanganisa Icala Lokuthola Iholo Eliphezulu futhi Abacebile Abahlale Bewina: Ukunqoba Okukhohliwe phezu kwePlutocracy eyadala i-American Middle Class, 1900-1970. Mlandele ku-@Too_Much_Online.
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