Umthombo: Iqiniso
I-Starbucks, i-mega-chain yekhofi yomhlaba wonke, ayinabo "izisebenzi" - kuphela "abalingani,” noma kanjalo inkulumo yenkampani iya.
Kodwa ku-Alexis Rizzo, umphathi weshifu esitolo se-Starbucks e-Cheektowaga, eNew York, le lebula ayisho lutho. "Besilokhu sibizwa ngozakwethu yinkampani," kusho uRizzo, kodwa uma sekufika lapho, "asinalo izwi."
U-Jaz Brisack, oyi-barista esitolo sakwa-Starbucks's Elmwood Village e-Buffalo, uyavuma. “Basibiza ngozakwethu, basitshele ukuthi singabalingani. Kodwa akukho ukulingana, ngakho abukho ubudlelwano beqiniso. "
Yingakho bobabili befuna inyunyana. “Kithina,” kusho uRizzo, “imayelana nokuba ozakwethu bangempela hhayi nje abalingani abangokomfanekiso.”
URizzo noBrisack bangabasebenzi ababili kwabangama-50 abavela endaweni yaseBuffalo eNew York abasayine incwadi Incwadi ka-Agasti 23 ku-CEO ye-Starbucks uKevin Johnson ememezela ukuthi bahlela inyunyana. Bazimemezele njenge-Starbucks Workers United Organising Committee futhi bacela i-Starbucks ukuthi isayine isethi Yezimiso Zokhetho Ezilungile eziqinisekisa ilungelo labasebenzi lokuhlela ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuziphindiselela.
NgoMsombuluko, Agasti 30, i-Starbucks Workers United kumemezela ukuthi ifake ngokusemthethweni izicelo zokhetho lweNational Labour Relations Board (NLRB) ezitolo ezintathu eHamburg, Cheektowaga kanye naseBuffalo's Elmwood Village.
I-Starbucks isiphelile 8,000 izitolo zase-U.S. eziphethwe yizinkampani, futhi azikho kuzo ezihlanganisiwe. Kodwa abaphathi manje babhekene nenselelo enkulu evela ku-Starbucks Workers United kanye nabasekeli bayo e-Buffalo, idolobha elisekela inyunyana esanda kuba sezingeni eliphezulu ekuhleleni abasebenzi bekhofi.
Ukuhlela iNyunyana
U-Rizzo uthe abasebenzi bakwa-Starbucks eBuffalo sekuyisikhathi eside "banezingxoxo ezincane" mayelana nokubumbana, kodwa leso sikhathi asikaze sibonakale silungile. "Kuhlale kunokwesaba okukhulu," esho, ephawula umlando omude wenkampani wokulwa nezinyunyana: Kwaphela amashumi eminyaka abaphathi benkampani baphikise izinyunyana futhi bangene shí ekumangaleleni, kanye nezinqumo zamajaji nxazonke, imikhuba yabasebenzi engalungile futhi ukuziphindiselela okungekho emthethweni ngokumelene nabasebenzi abasekela inyunyana.
Kepha cishe ezinyangeni ezimbili ezedlule, izisebenzi ezisekela inyunyana nabahleli bezinyunyana babona ukuthi “izinxushunxushu zazenzeka” kubasebenzi nokuthi kungenzeka kube nomkhankaso wezinyunyana. Kusukela lapho, kusho uRizzo, "besilokhu sisebenza ngemuva sizama ukuthuthukisa ikomiti lethu elihlelayo."
Abasebenzi be-Starbucks baqala ukwakha inyunyana yabo ngendlela yakudala: ngokuhlela abasebenzisana nabo ngezingxoxo eziqondile. Izisebenzi eziningi ziyazana kuzo zonke izitolo ngokuthatha amashifu ezindaweni ezahlukene, futhi lokhu kunikeza abahleli umuzwa omuhle wokuthi ubani ongase amukele ukujoyina ikomiti elihlelayo. Abasebenzi be-Starbucks bakha “umphakathi obumbene kakhulu,” kusho uRizzo. "Sisanda kuzungeza ezitolo ezahlukahlukene sivakashela abantu sibabuza ukuthi bacabangani" - yize begcine inkulumo yenyunyana "ifihlekile kakhulu."
Omunye umsebenzi osekela inyunyana uBrisack akhuluma naye wayesaba ukuziphindiselela, kodwa wathi “noma engase alahlekelwe umsebenzi, kungaba kuhle ukuthi azame ukwenza inyunyana, kunokuba avele aphele amandla bese eshiya,” ngokusho. esikhumbuzweni sikaBrisack. Esinye isisebenzi esinesikhathi eside sitshele uBrisack ukuthi "ukwakha inyunyana" kuzoba "ifa lakhe e-Starbucks."
Abanye beza enhlanganweni ngezinye izindlela. UBrian Murray, i-barista eLancaster, eNew York, wayengakaze ahileleke emkhankasweni wezinyunyana ngaphambili. NgoJuni, wadiliza umgubho wokunqoba kuka-India Walton, owayengenele ukhetho lweMeya yentando yeningi yeBuffalo, owashaqisa isizwe ngokuhlula owayebambele u-Byron Brown e-Democratic primary.
Isilinganiso sokunxeshezelwa kwesinxephezelo se-CEO-kumsebenzi emhlabeni jikelele singu-1,211 kuye ku-1.
Abanye abangani ahlangane nabo ngeDemocratic Socialists of America kanye ne-Black Lives Matter rally bathumela indawo yephathi kaWalton ku-inthanethi. “Ngakho-ke ngisanda kubalekela lapho kungazelelwe,” kusho uMurray ehleka.
Emcimbini uMurray utshele abanye abantu ukuthi usebenzela iStarbucks, bamxhumanisa nabahleli bezinyunyana. Ezinyangeni ezimbili kamuva, uMurray manje useyilungu lekomiti elihlelayo elingagunci.
Ukukhuluma nozakwabo nokuhlela inyunyana “kumjabulise kakhulu”. "Ezinye izitolo zinenzalo ephezulu ngendlela emangalisayo," kusho uMurray. “Ama-Starbucks amaningi endaweni yase-Buffalo asekela inyunyana. Iningi labasebenzi selilinde isikhathi eside.”
Njengoba umfutho ukhula, inyunyana ibifuna ukuphumela obala ngaphambi kokuthi abaphathi bathole imimoya futhi baziphindiselele. I-U.S yamanje ukushoda kwabasebenzi iphinde yanikeza abanye abasebenzi umuzwa wokuthi banokuzuza okwengeziwe. Ngemva kokubumba iKomidi Elihlelayo le-Starbucks Workers United elinabantu abangu-50, izisebenzi zathatha igxathu zathumela incwadi yazo kuJohnson ngo-August 23. (Ikomiti elihlelayo manje selinabasebenzi abangu-75, ngokusho kukaBrisack.)
“Sifuna Ukuba Nezwi Lethu Futhi Sixoxisane Ngokholo Oluhle”
Abasebenzi baseBuffalo Starbucks babelana ngezikhalazo ezinhlobonhlobo zezinkinga, kanti ukuntuleka kwabasebenzi kungenye enkulu. "Asinabasebenzi abancane ngokwesabekayo, cishe njalo," kusho uRizzo. “Asikwazi ukuhlinzeka ngolwazi oluhle kumakhasimende ethu. Nginabantu abangilindile emizuzwini engaphezu kwengama-20 ngezinsuku ezithile. ”
"Kuyindawo ecindezela kakhulu ekulawuleni ukuzama ukuba nolwazi oluhle lwamakhasimende futhi usheshe ngangokunokwenzeka," kusho uMurray. "Abasebenzi abaningi badonsa kanzima usuku nosuku bezama ukuhambisana nejubane."
Kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke, abasebenzi Ngaphandle wakhuluma wathi isifiso sabo senyunyana simayelana nokuba namandla engeziwe emsebenzini kanye nenhlonipho eyengeziwe enkampanini - ngamanye amazwi, babe “abalingani” bangempela abangaxoxisana ngokulingana nabaphathi.
“Bengingeke ngikwenze lokhu iminyaka eminingi kangaka yempilo yami ukube bengingayithandi le nkampani,” kusho uRizzo, osesebenze kwa-Starbucks iminyaka eyisithupha. Kuye, ukuba nenyunyana kusho “ukukwazi ukufaka isandla ngendlela ephusile” enkampanini. “Ngifuna ukwakha indawo engcono yokusebenza nendawo engcono engingayivakashela,” kusho yena.
Ngenkathi i-Starbucks uthi ukuthi izinga layo lesinxephezelo kanye nezinzuzo lenza izinyunyana zingadingeki - a isikhathi eside ulayini wenkampani - uRizzo akavumelani. “Kuhlale kunesidingo sokuthi abasebenzi babe nezwi,” kusho yena.
Okhulumela iStarbucks uReggie Borges utshele Ngaphandle: “Impumelelo yethu yakhelwe emlandweni omude wokusebenzelana okuqondile nokweseka inhlalakahle yozakwethu abangaphezu kuka-400,000 emhlabeni jikelele. Ngakho-ke ngicabanga ukuthi ngokombono wethu, inhloso yethu ukudala indawo nezinkundla zezingxoxo ezivulekile nezithembekile njengoba kuhlobene nokusungula nokugcina indawo enhle yokusebenza. "
Kodwa-ke, uMurray wabonisa ukuthi, empeleni, izisebenzi eziningi ze-Starbucks azizizwa zifakwe ngokujulile ezinqumweni zendawo yokusebenza.
“Sinamandla amancane kakhulu okulawula indawo yethu yokusebenza,” kusho uMurray. "Ngicabanga ukuthi into esihlanganisayo ukuthi sifuna ukuba nezwi lethu futhi sixoxisane ngokwethembeka nenkampani."
Ubuye aphawule ukuthi i-Starbucks "yenza izigidigidi njengamanje ngalolu bhubhane" nokuthi "abasebenzi bafanelwe isabelo kanye nezwi lokuthi leyo mali ihlukaniswa kanjani kusukela ... yithina esenza inzuzo yaleyo nkampani."
Njengomphathi we-Starbucks, uJohnson wenza ngaphezulu kwezingu-$ 47 million isinxephezelo esiphelele phakathi kuka-2018 no-2020. Isilinganiso sesinxephezelo senkampani ye-CEO-to-worker singu-1,211 kuya ku-1.
Ukudweba Ugqozi Kusuka Ku-SpoT Coffee's Union Drive
Abasebenzi abakhulume nabo Ngaphandle ugcizelele ukuthi umkhankaso wezinyunyana ophumelele e-SPoT Coffee, iketango lekhofi eligxile entshonalanga ye-New York, wawubaluleke kakhulu ekubekeni isisekelo somkhankaso wamanje we-Starbucks.
Ngo-2019, egqugquzelwe ukuphumelela kwezinyunyana esitolo sekhofi sase-Rochester SPoT nase-Gimme! Ikhofi e-Ithaca, abasebenzi baseBuffalo SPoT baqale owabo umkhankaso wenyunyana. Kubantu baseBuffaloni, lolu chungechunge luyisisekelo samasiko, izihlalo zalo zivame ukugcwala oprofesa, abafundi, izishoshovu kanye namaciko. I-unionization drive ukusekelwa okunamandla futhi yaba indawo imbangela célèbre.
Ngemuva kwezinyanga zokuhlela, nokuduba ukulwa nokuxoshwa kwabalandeli ababili bezinyunyana, abasebenzi ezitolo ezine uvote ngo 43-6 ekusekeleni ukuhlanganiswa. NgoMashi 2020, inkontileka yokuqala yabasebenzi be-SPoT yaqala ukusebenza.
Abanye abasebenzi bamanje be-Starbucks balandele futhi basekela umzamo we-SPoT, futhi abasebenzi ababambe iqhaza emkhankasweni we-SPoT manje sebeyingxenye yomkhankaso we-Starbucks.
Abasebenzi be-Starbucks kanye ne-SPoT bobabili bangabase-Workers United Upstate, okuyi ingxenye ye i-Service Employees International Union (SEIU).
Ngaphambi kokuza ku-Starbucks, uBrisack wayengumhleli oholayo ne-Workers United emkhankasweni we-SPoT. Ube yi-barista e-Starbucks ngoDisemba 2020.
"Ngicabanga ukuthi i-SPoT ibonise ukuthi ukuhlela i-barista kuwumsebenzi osebenzayo, futhi iphrojekthi okudingeka ibe yimboni yonke ukuze ikwazi ukuphakamisa izimo ngempela kubo bonke abasebenzi kule mboni," kusho uBrisack. "Ngicabanga ukuthi kuphinde kwabeka uhlaka oluhle kakhulu lokuthi kwenziwa kanjani lokhu nalokho abasebenzi abangakufeza."
Abasebenzi baseBuffalo Starbucks kuze kube manje bathole ukunakwa kwabezindaba kuzwelonke kanye nokusekelwa okubalulekile komphakathi, kumholi wezabasebenzi Sarah Nelson ekubulaweni kwezikhulu ezikhethiwe zendawo, okuhlanganisa UKhongolose uBrian Higgins.
Ngaphezu kokusabela okuhle komphakathi, uRizzo uthe amakhasimende akhe ajwayelekile “ajabule kakhulu” ngomkhankaso wezinyunyana.
Abasebenzi babona ukwesekwa komphakathi njengento ebalulekile empumelelweni yabo. “Ngaphandle kwakho,” kusho uMurray, “ngicabanga ukuthi inkampani ingaphunyula kakhulu kunalokhu eyikho manje.”
I-Starbucks Inomlando We-Union-Busting
Kodwa uma umlando usitshela okuthile, i-Starbucks ibala indlela yokungcwaba inyunyana.
Inkampani inomlando omude wokuphikisa izinyunyana. Kwavela umkhankaso wezinyunyana eziholwa yi-Industrial Workers of the World owaqala ngo-2004 inqwaba yezinyathelo zokulwa nenyunyana by Starbucks, njengoba mina kubika ngesikhathi ku I-CounterPunch.
NgoFebhuwari 2020, i-Orlando, Florida, i-Starbucks barista bathi waxoshwa ngoba efuna ukuhlela inyunyana. Ehlobo lika-2021, ijaji wabusa ukuthi i-Starbucks ixoshe ngokungemthetho ama-baristas amabili e-pro-union e-Philadelphia - isinqumo sokuthi abasebenzi Ngaphandle wakhuluma nomntwana.
U-Rizzo uthe okwamanje i-Starbucks isebenzisa izindlela ezithambile ukunqanda ukuhlangana kwezinyunyana. “Ngicabanga ukuthi umkhankaso wethu ubamangazile ngempela,” kusho yena.
URizzo uthe umphathi wakhe wesifunda uvakashele isitolo sakhe ngemuva kokuthi inyunyana iphumele obala, yenza “okubonakala kufana nokuqoqa izikhalazo, okuyinto engekho emthethweni.”
Imithetho Kazwelonke Yobudlelwano Bezabasebenzi ikwenza kube umkhuba wabasebenzi ongalungile ngomqashi “ukuphazamisa, ukuvimbela, noma ukuphoqa abasebenzi ekusebenziseni amalungelo aqinisekisiwe” lapho benza izinyunyana. Lokhu kuhlanganisa abaqashi angeke “basho isithembiso sezinzuzo ngokucela izikhalazo kubasebenzi ngesikhathi somkhankaso wokuhlela inyunyana. (Kodwa-ke, uma ubuhlala ucela izikhalo zabasebenzi ngaphambi kokuqala komkhankaso, ungaqhubeka nalowo mkhuba ungashintshile.)”
U-Rizzo uphinde wathi abaphathi bahlela "izikhathi zokulalela" ezikhokhelwayo nabasebenzi akholelwa ukuthi zifana nemizamo "embozwe kancane" yokuhlwanyela inkulumo ephikisana nenyunyana.
Nakuba i-Starbucks ihlule yonke imizamo yokuhlanganisa izinyunyana e-U.S., kunesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi inselelo evela eBuffalo ingase yehluke.
Lapho enikwa ithuba lokuphendula Ngaphandle, umkhulumeli we-Starbucks u-Borges wagomela ngokuthi “izikhathi zokulalela ziyingxenye yomsebenzi ovamile esiwenzayo” nokuthi “ngeke ngempela alinganise izikhathi zokulalela nokuphendula inyunyana,” nokuthi i-Starbucks iqhuba izikhathi zokulalela “ngokungaguquguquki” futhi “kulo lonke izwe.”
Kepha ukwesaba ukuziphindiselela kwenkampani kwenze abanye abasebenzi abeseka inyunyana bangayisayini obala incwadi eya kuJohnson. UBrisack ukubiza ngokuthi “inselele enkulu” inyunyana ebhekene nayo.
“Abasebenzi bathanda kakhulu ukuhlela futhi bangabala izinto ezingapheli inyunyana engazithuthukisa,” kusho yena. “Ngakho-ke ngandlela thize kuyisitolo esishisayo, kodwa ngezinye izindlela abantu besaba kakhulu ukuziphindiselela okungenzeka.”
Abagqugquzeli bathemba ukuthi abasebenzi abanentshisekelo yokujoyina imizamo yenyunyana bazoba nokuphepha okwengeziwe emsebenzini njengoba inyunyana isiphumele obala ngomkhankaso osezingeni eliphezulu.
Kungani Kungenzeka Enyathi
Nakuba i-Starbucks ihlule yonke imizamo yokuhlanganisa izinyunyana e-U.S., kunesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi inselelo evela eBuffalo ingase yehluke.
Yize inyunyana inethemba lokuthi ekugcineni izoxoxisana mayelana nezikhalazo ezithile, umkhankaso awugcini izinto ezifana namaholo noma ukuhlela, kodwa kunalokho imibuzo ebaluleke kakhulu yokuthi amandla “nobambiswano” kusebenza kanjani kwa-Starbucks. Lokhu okungenzeka kusho ukuthi abasebenzi bangase bangayekwa kalula ekuhleleni, uma abaphathi benikeza amaphromoshini noma imiklomelo yezezimali.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umkhankaso we-Starbucks wenzeka ngokumelene ne-a okwasemuva yamadrayivu enyunyana yabasebenzi basekhefi abaphumelele yakamuva. I-Colectivo Coffee, enezindawo eMadison, Milwaukee naseChicago, ivotele ukuthi inyunyana ngo-Agasti, ibuyisela emuva ukumelana nabaqashi. ukuba iketango lekhofi elihlanganisiwe elikhulu kunawo wonke e-U.S. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule iphinde yabona imizamo yokuhlela kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukene, ezokuthengisa kanye nezinkonzo.
Futhi-ke kukhona idolobha lapho konke kwehla khona: Buffalo, New York. Nge ukuminyana okuphezulu kakhulu kwenyunyana esifundeni kanye nesiko lezombangazwe elisekela inyunyana, i-Buffalo ingase ibe yindawo ekahle yokubona izitolo zokuqala ze-Starbucks union. Abasebenzi bakwa-Starbucks nabo banesandulela se-SPoT Coffee, isibonelo sangempela seBuffalo sokuthi izisebenzi zekhofi ezidayisayo zingawina kanjani inyunyana ezitolo eziningi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-India Walton's isizinda senyunyana kanye nokumela kungase kusize abahleli. Walton isekela kakhulu abasebenzi be-Starbucks kanye baya khona isithangami sabezindaba senyunyana sango-Agasti 31 lapho bebedingida khona isinqumo sabo sokubhalisela ukhetho lwe-NLRB ezitolo ezintathu.
Uma inyunyana iphumelela ezitolo ze-Buffalo Starbucks, kungase kube indaba yesikhathi kuze kube yilapho isibonelo sisakazeka kwenye indawo.
UBrisack uphawule ukuthi lo nyaka uhlanganisa iminyaka engu-50 ye-Starbucks, nokuthi inkampani ithumela izikhonkwane zesikhumbuzo kanye nezikibha ezitolo ukuze zigubhe.
“Abaningi bethu bebecabanga ukuthi sebeneminyaka engu-50 bengeyona inyunyana,” kusho yena. "Izoba njani iminyaka engu-50 ezayo lapho sesizokwazi ukunqoba inyunyana?"
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
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