Akwenzeki neze ukuqonda ukuthi kungani uhulumeni waseTurkey engazibandakanya neqhinga lokuzibulala lokuwisa i-Russian Su-24 endaweni yaseSyria - ngokwezobuchwepheshe isimemezelo sempi se-NATO eRussia - ngaphandle kokufaka umongo wokudlala amandla waseTurkey enyakatho yeSyria.
UMongameli Vladmir Putin uthe ukuwisa indiza yezempi yaseRussia โkuwukugwazwa emhlane.โ Ngakho ake sibone ukuthi amaqiniso asekelwe phansi akuvumela kanjani lokho ukuba kwenzeke.
I-Ankara isebenzisa, ixhasa ngezimali, futhi ihlomisa ngezimpahla zokugqoka eziyingozi enyakatho yeSyria, futhi idinga ngazo zonke izindlela ukugcina imigudu yokunikezela ngempahla esuka eningizimu yeTurkey ibavulekele; phela badinga ukunqoba i-Aleppo, eyayizovula indlela ye-Ankara's Holy Grail: ukuguqulwa kombuso eDamaseku.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo i-Ankara iyesaba i-YPG - i-Syrian Kurd People's Protection Units - inhlangano engudadewabo ye-PKK engakwesokunxele. Lezi kufanele ziqukethwe ngazo zonke izindleko.
Ngakho-ke iqembu le-Islamic State - iNhlangano Yezizwe ememezele impi ngokumelene nalo - liyimininingwane nje yesu le-Ankara, okuwukulwa, ukuqukatha noma ukuqhumisa amaKurds; ukusekela zonke izinhlobo zamaTakfiris namaSalafi-jihadis, okuhlanganisa neqembu le-Islamic State; futhi uthole ukuguqulwa kombuso eDamaseku.
Ngokumangazayo, amaKurds aseSyria e-YPG agcwele idemoni eTurkey, asolwa ngokuzama okungenani ukuhlanza imizana yama-Arab kanye namaTurkmen enyakatho yeSyria.
Kodwa-ke, lokho amaKurds aseSyria azamayo - futhi ku-alamu ye-Ankara, esekelwa ngandlela-thile yi-US - ukuxhumanisa iziqephu ezintathu zomhlaba wamaKurdish enyakatho yeSyria okwamanje.
Ukubuka imephu yaseTurkey engaphelele okungenani kuveza ukuthi ezimbili zalezi ziqephu zomhlaba (eziphuzi) sezivele zixhumene kanjani, enyakatho-mpumalanga. Ukufeza lokho, amaKurds aseSyria, esizwa yi-PKK, anqoba iqembu le-Islamic State e-Kobani nasezindaweni ezizungezile. Ukuze bafike endaweni yesithathu, badinga ukufika e-Afryn. Nokho endleleni (eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) kukhona iqoqo lamadolobhana aseTurkmen enyakatho ye-Aleppo.
Ukubaluleka kwamasu kwala mazwe aseTurkmen angeke kugcizelelwe ngokwanele. Kukule ndawo impela, efinyelela ebangeni elingamakhilomitha angama-35 phakathi nezwe, lapho i-Ankara ifuna ukufaka lokho okubizwa ngokuthi โindawo ephephile,โ okuzoba indawo okungeyona impukane, endaweni yaseSyria, okusobala ukuthi izohlalisa ababaleki baseSyria, futhi. ngayo yonke into ekhokhelwe yi-EU, esivele ivule ama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3, โโkusukela ngoJanuwari 1, nge-European Commission (EC).
Isithiyo manje esingenakunqotshwa sokuthi iTurkey ithole indawo yayo okungeyona impukane, ngokubikezelwa, iRussia.
Ukusebenzisa iTurkmen
Obani amaTurkmen? Lapha sidinga ukuphindela emuva emlandweni wasendulo weSilk Road. Kukhona cishe ama-200,000 Turkmen ahlala enyakatho yeSyria. Bayinzalo yezizwe zamaTurkmen ezathuthela e-Anatolia ngekhulu le-11.
Imizana yaseTurkmen nayo ihluma enyakatho yesifundazwe sase-Idlib, entshonalanga ye-Aleppo, kanye nasenyakatho yesifundazwe saseLatakia, entshonalanga ye-Idlib. Futhi kulapha lapho sithola khona iqembu okungavamile ukuxoxwa ngalo: isixuku samasosha aseTurkmen.
Inganekwane yokuthi izakhamuzi zaseTurkmen ezingenacala zibulawa โumbuso wakwa-Assadโ iyinganekwane. EWashington la masosha athathwa โnjengamavukelambuso amaphakathiโ - njengoba nje ehlanganiswe nazo zonke izinhlobo zezingubo zama-jihadi noma ama-jihadi-gobbled, kusukela ku-Free Syrian Army eyakhiwe kuya e-Jabhat al-Nusra, aka al-Qaida eSyria (okuyinto Ekugcineni iVienna yabiza iqembu lamaphekula).
Ngokubikezelwa, abezindaba baseTurkey bancoma bonke laba baseTurkmen โnjengabalweli benkululeko,โ uRonald Reagan ngeminyaka yawo-1980 i-jihad Afghan. Imithombo yezindaba yaseTurkey izungeza yonke indawo yabo ilawulwa "abamsulwa" abaphikisayo baseTurkmen, hhayi iqembu le-Islamic State. Akulona iqembu le-Islamic State, yebo, kodwa ikakhulukazi i-al-Nusra, okuyinto ecishe ifane.
E-Russia, akukho mehluko, ikakhulukazi ngoba isixuku samaChechens, Uzbeks kanye nama-Uyghur (i-Chinese Intel iphezu kwayo) baye bafuna itheku phakathi kwalaba "abalinganisayo." E-Russia okubalulekile ukuphihliza noma yikuphi ukuba khona komgwaqo omkhulu we-Jihad ongu-900 km ubude phakathi kwe-Aleppo neGrozny.
Futhi lokho kuchaza ukuqhuma kwamabhomu kweRussia enyakatho yesifundazwe saseLatakia. I-Ankara, ngokubikezelwa, ihambile. UMnyango Wezangaphandle wawuke wasongela ngisho neRussia ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule; โizenzo zohlangothi lwaseRussia zazingekona ukulwa namaphekula, kodwa zaqhumisa amabhomu amadolobhana aseTurkmen futhi lokhu kungase kubangele imiphumela emibi kakhulu.โ
I-Ankara isekela ngokuqondile amasosha aseTurkmen ngosizo lwabantu kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu izikhali; ukulethwa kwamaloli okulawulwa yi-MIT - intelligence yaseTurkey.
Konke lokhu kuhambisana nenganekwane yeqembu elibusayo i-AKP yokuvikela ngisho nenani labantu bangaphambi kwe-Ottoman; phela babehlale behlinzeka โizinkonzo ezinhleโ ku-Islam. AmaTurkmen aseSyria athembekile njengobuholi be-AKP e-Ankara.
Isakhiwo siyakhula
E-Russia, indawo eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-Turkmen Mountain, noma ukuphakama - abantu baseTurkey abayibiza ngokuthi i-Bayirbucak - enyakatho yesifundazwe saseLatakia, inhloso enkulu. Ngoba kulapho sithola khona umgwaqo we-Weapon Highway - lapho i-Ankara, ihlangene ne-CIA, ihlomisa la masosha.
E-Russia, noma yikuphi ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi amasosha ahlangene namaSalafi kanye namaSalafi-jihadis azame ukunqoba kakhulu isifundazwe sase-Alawite Latakia kuwumugqa obomvu ngoba lokhu kungasongela isizinda sezindiza saseRussia eKhmeimim futhi ekugcineni ngisho nechweba laseTartus.
Ngakho-ke empeleni sine-CIA ehlomisa izikhali - leyo micibisholo edumile ye-TOW anti-tank - isebenzisa umzila wokushushumbisa onqamula endaweni yaseTurkmen okwenzeka njenge-al-Qaeda e-Ankara ephethwe yi-Syria. Lena indawo eyinhloko ye-US, Turkey kanye ne-Saudi Arabia yokubukela phansi iDamaseku, futhi ngaphezu kwayo yonke indawo yempi ye-proxy eyinhloko: i-NATO (US-Turkey) ngokumelene neRussia.
I-CIA iphotha ama-TOWs ukuya kuma-45 "ahloliwe" - ngaleyo ndlela "ivukela-mbuso emaphakathi" - izingubo. Umbhedo; izikhali zithathwe amajihadi anolwazi kakhudlwana e-al-Qaida eSyria, kanye ne-nebulae eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Army of Conquest, esekelwa yiSaudi Arabia.
Ngakho ukuze ibulale i-Jabhat al-Nusra kanye neButho Lokunqotshwa, iRussia yaqala ukuqhumisa amabhomu abashushumbisi baseTurkmen, โabangalingani;โ bangeniswa yonke indawo ama-Turkish Islamo-fascists - njengalabo abadubule ngomshini umshayeli wendiza waseRussia uLt. Col Oleg Pershin ngesikhathi ehamba ngepharashuthi, ubugebengu bempi ngokweZivumelwano zaseGeneva.
Izigxobo zeRussia azikwazanga ukuba nzima kakhulu ngoba ngokusebenzisa izizwe zaseTurkmen, iTurkey isivele itshalwe ekujuleni enyakatho yeSyria.
Ngakho-ke lindela iRussia ukuthi ikhulise kakhulu ukuqhuma kwamabhomu ezindaweni zaseTurkmen - ngale kokuphindisela ngokubulawa komshayeli waseRussia.
Kwenye indawo, iRussia inezinye izindlela eziningi - njengasekuqhubekeni nokuhlomisa i-YPG; lokho bekungabavumela ukuthi bagcine bethathe umngcele ophakathi kwe-Afryn ne-Jarablus osalawulwa yiqembu le-Islamic State. I-Ankara izoba yinkinga uma amaKurds aseSyria ehlanganisa indawo yawo engakaxhunywanga kulokho abakubiza ngeRojava.
Okubalulekile ukuthi iTurkey neRussia azikwazi nje ukuba yingxenye yomfelandawonye ofanayo olwa neqembu le-Islamic State ngoba izinhloso zabo ziphikisana ngokuphelele.
Isazi-mlando esizinze e-Istanbul uCam Erimtan sichaza isithombe esikhulu:
โUhulumeni omusha waseTurkey wathatha izintambo ngalo lolo suku okwawiswa ngalo indiza yaseRussia. Futhi manje uNdunankulu onobuqili u-Davutoglu kanye noMongameli ongalawuleki u-Erdogan babamba iqhaza ekulawuleni umonakalo kanye nokuhlanganisa ekhaya, okwamanje baze balahle inkulumo yabo ethandwayo yobumbano lwamaSulumane futhi badlala ikhadi lobuzwe ngokugcwele. Ngisho noma isenzo sezempi ngokungangabazeki sizoholela ekuzuzeni okukhulu ekudumeni kwasekhaya, imiphumela yezomnotho isivele iqalile ukuzwakala, njengoba iRussia ivimbela ukungeniswa kwempahla yaseTurkey. Lokhu kungase kubonise ukuthi uhulumeni oholwa yi-AKP usebenze njenge-lackey ye-NATO kuphela, eshaya indiva amaqiniso aphansi futhi ejabulela ukuxokozela okukhulu. "
Lo mzuliswano ngeke udonse isikhathi eside ngoba iRussia izosabela ngendlela ebandayo, ebalwa, esheshayo, enezinhlangothi eziningi nengalindelekile ekuwisweni kweSu-24.
I-Russian missile cruiser Moskva - egcwele izinhlelo zokuvikela umoya - manje isihlanganisa sonke isifunda. Izinhlelo ezimbili ze-S-400 zizohlanganisa yonke inyakatho-ntshonalanga yeSyria kanye nomngcele oseningizimu yeTurkey. I-Russia iyakwazi ukuhlanganisa yonke i-southern Turkey nge-elekthronikhi. Ayikho indlela u-Erdogan azoba โnendawo ephephileโ yakhe ekhokhelwa yi-EU ngaphakathi kweSyria ngaphandle kokuthi ayokulwa neRussia.
Okuqinisekile ukuthi okuhamba phambili eRussia kusukela manje ukuphihliza unomphela isu leTurkey eleqisayo enyakatho yeSyria.
U-Pepe Escobar ungumhlaziyi ozimele we-geopolitical. Ubhalela i-RT, i-Sputnik ne-TomDispatch, futhi unikela njalo kumawebhusayithi nezinhlelo zomsakazo ne-TV kusukela e-US kuya e-East Asia. Ungumbhali wangaphambili we-Asia Times Online, lapho abhala khona ikholomu ethi The Roving Eye kusuka ngo-2000 kuya ku-2014. Uzalelwe eBrazil, ube yintatheli yakwamanye amazwe kusukela ngo-1985, futhi usehlale eLondon, eParis, eMilan, eLos Angeles, eWashington. , Bangkok kanye Hong Kong. Ngisho nangaphambi kuka-9/11 wasebenza ngokukhethekile ekuhlanganiseni i-arc ukusuka eMpumalanga Ephakathi kuya Emaphakathi naseMpumalanga Asia, egcizelela i-Big Power geopolitics kanye nezimpi zamandla. Ungumbhali we "Globalistan" (2007), "Red Zone Blues" (2007), "Obama does Globalistan" (2009) kanye "Empire of Chaos" (2014), zonke ezishicilelwe yi-Nimble Books. Incwadi yakhe yakamuva ithi โ2030โ, nayo ebhalwe yi-Nimble Books, ephume ngoDisemba 2015. Njengamanje uhlala phakathi kweParis neBangkok. Mlandele kuFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/pepe.escobar.77377
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