Ukushiya eceleni izizathu ezikhiqizwayo, i-United States yahlasela i-Iraq ngo-2003 ukuze iphinde ithole amandla ase-US eMpumalanga Ephakathi futhi yehlise ithonya le-Iran. Kwakungebona ubuphekula noma ikhekhe eliphuzi noma ngisho nokuhlukunyezwa kwamalungelo abantu okuhlasimulisayo kuka-Saddam Hussein okwakhuthaza amaphutha abi kakhulu enqubomgomo yezangaphandle yase-US.
Kwakuyi-geopolitics, ubuwula.
Ngokusho kwemicabango evuthayo kaDonald Rumsfeld, uDick Cheney, kanye nabalingani babo be-neocon, iSaddam izoba yisizinda sokuqala ukuwa, ilandelwe abanye abazimele (uBashar al-Assad eSyria, uMuammar Qaddafi eLibya) kwaze kwaba yilapho, i-boom, intando yeningi ikhuphula umbuso. ayatollahs e-Iran futhi. Baze bacabanga, ngokuyifaka nje โe-eksisi yobubi,โ ukuthi iNorth Korea nayo izoba nentwasahlobo yasePyongyang maduze.
Wawa ngempela uSaddam. Futhi-ke i-Iraq yawa, ngenxa yokwehluleka kwabaphathi bakaBush ukwenza uhlelo oluhlangene lokwakha kabusha ngemva kwempi.
Kepha intando yeningi ayizange ibambe esifundeni, ingasaphathwa eNorth Korea. Abanye omashiqela baye bancinza, ecaleni lika-Assad ngokucindezela ngesihluku ukuvukela umbuso, kanti abanye bavele njengo-Abdel Fattah el-Sisi e-Egypt no-Abdelmadjid Tebboune e-Algeria. Futhi amademokhrasi amaningana abeka eceleni, njengoKais Saied eTunisia kanye noBenjamin Netanyahu kwa-Israyeli, bangene ngokuqinile ekamu elingenangqondo.
Nakhu a i-koan kuma-neocons: uthini umsindo wedomino eyodwa iwa?
Ama-ayatollah, okwamanje, awazange aye ndawo. I-Iran, ngakho konke ukulinganisa, yandise ukuma kwayo kwesifunda ngemva kuka-2003, yaba umdlali omkhulu e-Iraq yangemva kwempi, yakhulisa ithonya layo eLebanon naseSyria, yaphakamisa igama layo phakathi kwamaPalestine ngokusekela iHamas eGaza, futhi isekela iqembu lamaShiite eYemen. .
Ngakho-ke, ukuhlasela kwe-Iraq kwaveza imiphumela ephambene kakhulu naleyo ebihlosiwe, naphezu kokulahlekelwa angaphezu kuka-4,400 amasosha ase-US kanye nokuphuma kwe ifike ku-$2 trillion ukulwa nempi nokulungisa izwe eliphukile. Ama-Iraqi, vele, ahlupheke kakhulu: cishe ukufa kwabantu abayi-300,000 kanye nombuso okwamanje ngenkohlakalo kanye nokulwa.
Kulungile, uSaddam akasekho. Kepha i-Iran nezinhlangano zamaphekula ezifana ne-Islamic State zigcwalise isikhala sesifunda, hhayi i-United States noma intando yeningi.
Ukwehla kwethonya laseMelika esifundeni bekuvezwe esivumelwaneni sakamuva esenziwe yi-Iran neSaudi Arabia. Amandla amabili ahlala ephikisana kuvunyelwene ngale nyanga ukuze kubuyiselwe ubudlelwano bezokuxhumana, futhi inkosi yaseSaudi Arabia yaze yamema uMongameli wase-Iran u-Ebrahim Raisi ukuthi avakashele eRiyadh. Le ntuthuko emangalisayo, phakathi kwamazwe amabili alwe ngama-proxies e-Yemen, eSyria naseLebanon, inamandla okulungisa lesi sifunda.
I-United States, izwe elinamandla kakhulu emhlabeni kanye ne-hegemon yangemva kweMpi Yezwe II eMpumalanga Ephakathi, yayingahlangene nhlobo nokusondelana.
KwakuyiShayina eyaphula isivumelwano, izwe elinesizinda esisodwa samasosha aphesheya kwezilwandle nomlando omncane wokubandakanyeka eMpumalanga Ephakathi.
Ngeminyaka engamashumi amabili yokuhlasela kwe-Iraq, i-United States iphinde yathola ukuthi abanamandla bangehliswa kanjani yi-hubris yabo.
Ubani Ofunda Izifundo Zase-Iraq?
I-United States ilahlekelwe isilinganiso esikhulu sethonya layo emhlabeni wonke, ngenxa ye-fiascos yayo e-Iraq nase-Afghanistan. Ingabe abaphathi abalandelayo bafundile izifundo zalokhu kuhlasela okungalungile?
U-Barack Obama wazama ngokudumile ukusuka e-Iraq ukuya "ekunqobeni" impi e-Afghanistan. Namuhla, amaTaliban aphinde abusa lelo zwe.
Donald Trump sengathi sengathi akakaze asekele iMpi yase-Iraq njengengxenye yomzamo wokuzipenda njengomgxeki wokungenelela kwamasosha ase-US. Eqinisweni, kwakungenxa yemizamo ehlangene yamalungu ahlakaniphile okuphatha kwakhe ukuthi uTrump akazange afake i-United States empini. ne-Iran or I-Venezuela
UBiden ubonakala efunde kancane izifundo zase-Iraq. Ulandele ekuphumeni kwamasosha ase-US e-Afghanistan, futhi wenqabile ukuthumela amasosha ase-US e-Ukraine. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uye wacindezela isabelomali samasosha ase-US saphakama kakhulu futhi saphindeka kabili ekuqukethe iChina.
Kepha umuntu ongafundanga ngempela izifundo zase-Iraq uvela ezweni elihlukile ngokuphelele: uVladimir Putin.
Ngonyaka odlule, u-Putin wenza uGeorge W. Bush ukuzenza okuthembekile ngokuqala ukuhlasela "ukushaqeka nokwesaba" e-Ukraine ayecabanga ukuthi kwakuzoba uhambo lwekhekhe kangangokuthi kwakungeke kudingeke. ukulungiselela kahle njengamamephu abuyekeziwe noma ukudla okwanele ukondla amasosha ahlaselayo. "Imikhawulo yebutho lezempi" enayo ube umusho obambekayo phakathi kwabenzi benqubomgomo base-US kanye nochwepheshe ngokusobala abazange bangene ezindongeni ze-Kremlin noma umqondo wobuzwe womholi waseRussia.
Okuxakayo ukuthi ongoti baseNtshonalanga bebephuza ukudweba lokhu kufana okusobala. Ku The Guardian, Jonathan Steele amanothi ukuthi โnaphezu kokuvela kabusha kwamandla ase-US eYurophu ngenxa yempi yase-Ukraine, inkathi yokubusa kwe-US kuwo wonke umhlaba ingase iphele maduzane.โ Nokho, ukuguguleka kwamandla ase-US sekuyisikhathi eside kwenziwa. Kodwa kuthiwani ngokuphela kobukhosi baseRussia emkhakheni wayo wethonya? Ngabe lokho bekungeke yini kube ukuqhathanisa okufanele kakhulu phakathi kwezimpi zase-Iraq nase-Ukraine? Abaphathi beBiden bafunde okungenani izifundo ezithile kulobu bubi obusabekayo. Akunakushiwo okufanayo ngoPutin, futhi iRussia izobhekana nemiphumela efanayo yezwe.
Ishaan Tharoor, in The Washington Post, imisindo ukuthi i-United States ayikwazi ukwakha umfelandawonye osebenza kangcono emhlabeni wonke ngokumelene neRussia ngenxa yobuzenzisi bayo obubuyela eMpini yase-Iraq. Yiqiniso, kodwa ingxenye enkulu yomhlaba iyangabaza izinhloso ze-US ngenxa yezigemegeme zenqubomgomo yangaphandle yase-US ehlehlela emuva ikhulu leminyaka noma ngaphezuluโfuthi nangenxa yokuthi iRussia isenamandla athile emazweni abalulekile njengeShayina, i-India, neNingizimu Afrika. Futhi ubuzenzisi baseRussiaโbukaPutin izimangalo ezingenangqondo ukuthi usekela ubukhosi kunokuba abuphuleโleso isici esiphawuleka kakhulu sempi yamanje. I-Imperialism ayidingi ukusho ukuthi uyaxolisa (noma yenza umqondo, ngaleyo ndaba).
Futhi kufayela le- IBoston Globe, Andrew Bacevich kwenza Impikiswano engekho-sisekelo yokuthi "uBiden ubonakala ekholelwa ukuthi impi yase-Ukraine inikeza indawo lapho i-United States inganqoba ifa lase-Iraq, okumenza akwazi ukufeza ukugomela kwakhe okuphindaphindiwe kokuthi 'iMelika isibuyile.'
Ngempela?!
Impi yase-Ukraine ayihlangene kangako ne-United States kunokufuna kuka-Vladimir Putin amandla namandla ombuso. I-United States akuwona kuphela amandla amakhulu okufinyelela kwawo okungaphezu kwamandla awo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaphathi beBiden baphendule ngezingalo nokusekelwa kwe-Ukraine hhayi ngomzamo wokunqoba ifa le-Iraq kodwa. ukuza ekuvikeleni umbuso wentando yeningi ohlaselwe.
Lezi zimpikiswano zonke ziyingxenye ye-US egxile kakhulu ethi "whataboutism" egcwele enkulumweni yesokunxele yase-US ikakhulukazi e-Ukraine. Esikhundleni sokugxila ezenzweni zaseRussia, abagxeki abamelene nempi bazothi "kuthiwani ngokuhlasela kwe-US e-Iraq?" njengokungathi kungaba nezwe elilodwa kuphela eliziphethe kabi emhlabeni kanye netshe elilodwa kuphela lokuthinta ububi.
U-Bacevich, futhi, uzame ukwenza ubuhle kulokhu kungabi nasibopho sokukhuluma - Ukunikeza I-Whataboutism Ithubaโngokuphetha ngokuthi โnakuba zimbi kangakanani, izifiso zikaPutin e-Ukraine zibonakala zithobekile uma ziqhathaniswaโ nobugebengu base-US e-Iraq. Yize u-Bacevich evuma ukuthi "izenzo zikaPutin kube ezesigebengu esibi," uphikisa ngokuyimpumelelo ukuthi izigxobo e-Ukraine ngandlela thize azinkulu kangangokuthi zinikeza izwe izindlela ezanele zokuzivikela.
Iqiniso lokuthi i-United States, phakathi kokunye, iye yahluleka ukwenza okulungile esikhathini esidluleโnoma kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba namuhlaโakufanele neze inciphise ukubaluleka kokwenza okulungile njengamanje e-Ukraine. Ngabe u-Bacevich angaphikisa ukuthi abaphathi beBiden akufanele baphishekele ukwehliswa okukhulu kwekhabhoni ekhaya ngoba i-United States yaphonsa ikhabhoni eningi emkhathini esikhathini esedlule noma iyehluleka ukusiza, ngokwesibonelo, i-India ekukhahleleni umkhuba kaphethiloli wezinto ezimbiwa phansi namuhla? Enhliziyweni yayo, i-whataboutism ihlinzeka ngombono wobuhlakani wokungaziphathi kahle lapho ubhekene nobubi.
Futhi Kuthiwani Ngethonya LaseMelika?
Ngisho noma bebona ukwehla kwethonya lomhlaba wonke le-United States, abanye abahlaziyi bakholelwa ukuthi iWashington inganyakazisa ngandlela thize induku yomlingo ukuqeda impi e-Ukraine.
Thatha uGeorge Beebe, ungene Isibopho Esifanele, owenza ukugomela okuyinkinga ukuthi kuleli hlobo โi-Ukraine ingase ibe namandla amancane okuxoxisana, njengoba indawo yayo yempi intengantenga futhi nokuqiniseka kwayo ekukhuthazeleni ukusekelwa kweMelika kuyawohloka.โ Ngakho-ke, abaphathi beBiden kufanele bacindezele
i-accelerator pedal ezingxoxweni neRussia. Isibonelo, ukusayina ngobuhlakani eMoscow ukuthi sizimisele ukuxoxa ngodaba olunzima lobulungu be-Ukraine ku-NATO - udaba uPutin aluthatha njengomgogodla wempi, kodwa uBiden anqabile ukuxoxa ngalo kuze kube manje - lungasiza ekuguquleni lezi zinguquko kanye nokubunjwa kabusha. Isimo sengqondo saseRussia mayelana nendawo yokuhlala.
Lokhu kugomela kusekelwe emicabangweni eminingi eyiphutha. U-Beebe unxusa abaphathi beBiden ukuthi bathathe isinyathelo manje ngenxa yokuthile - inkundla yempi - lokho izikhwepha kwenzeke kuleli hlobo futhi kungenzeka kakhulu uma uBiden elalela uBeebe (ekhuluma ngezimpikiswano ezizigcwalisayo).
Impela, iWashington ingakhombisa ukuthi izokhuluma ngobulungu be-NATO neRussia. Kepha uPutin empeleni akanandaba kangako ne-NATO ngayinye se. Okufunwa ngumholi waseRussia ukufaka ngokugcwele i-Ukraine eRussia ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngaphandle kokufakwa kokuphatha okuhambisana ne-Kremlin e-Kyiv, uzozinza ezweni elibuthaka ngokwesakhiwo elingasoze labeka noma yiluphi uhlobo losongoโezempi, ezomnotho, ezombusazweโeRussia.
Okokugcina, lokho u-Beebe angakusho kodwa okusikisela ukuthi abaphathi be-Biden kufanele basebenzise ithonya labo ngokuncika e-Ukraine ukuthi ixoxisane neRussia, ikakhulukazi uma ingazizwa iphoqelekile ukwenza lokho ngezimo eziphansi.
Yebo, kunjalo, abaphathi beBiden bangawenza buthaka kakhulu amasosha ase-Ukraine ngokunqamula izinto zempi. Abasekeli balo mbono bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kuzoveza isivumelwano okuxoxiswana ngaso. Isimo esingase sibe khona kungaba ukuhlasela kwamasosha aseRussia okuphindeke kabili okuhambisana nobugebengu bempi ngezinga elizonciphisa ukwesabeka kweYugoslavia ngeminyaka yawo-1990. I ukumangalelwa kwakamuva kaPutin yiNkantolo Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yobugebengu igxile ekuthutheni ngenkani kwezingane zase-Ukraine. Kodwa lokho kuyingxenye encane yalokho uPutin akwenzile: ukubulawa yeziboshwa zempi, ukubulawa wabantu, ukuqhuma ngamabhomu nengqalasizinda yabantu. Impi ephelele ngokumelene nomphikisi obuthakathaka izoletha ubugebengu bempi obugcwele.
Konke lokhu kusikisela ukuthi abagxeki โbe-pro-peaceโ benqubomgomo ye-Biden ebheke e-Ukraine- kwesokunxele futhi kwesokudla-yibo ngempela abangazifakanga ngaphakathi izifundo zeMpi yase-Iraq. Ukwenqaba kwe-United States ukwenza noma yiziphi izinhlelo ezinzima zangemva kokuhlasela, umzamo wokuthatha i-Iraq futhi inqume ikusasa layo lezombangazwe nezomnotho, inkolelo ecacile yokuthi ukuhlasela kuzoqinisa ukuma kwe-US esifundeni-konke lokhu kwafaka i-Iraq eminyakeni neminyaka. yempi yombango. Noma yini emfushane yokunciphisa kakhulu ithonya laseRussia e-Ukraine izolahla izwe ngokufanayo.
I-US ishiye njalo icela amasosha ase-US ukuthi asuke e-Iraq. Yilabo kuphela abahlulekile ukufunda izifundo zeMpi yase-Iraq abangahluleka ukwenza isidingo esifanayo saseRussia njengemfuneko yokuthula okunobulungisa namuhla.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela