Ngemva kokuchitheka kwegazi okubi kakhulu ezinkundleni zempi, umkhuhlane waqala ukudamba. Abantu babebukeka beyimpi ebusweni ngamehlo apholile, aqinile kunalezo zinyanga zokuqala zentshiseko, futhi umuzwa wabo wobumbano waqala ukuba buthaka, ngoba akekho owayengabona noma yiluphi uphawu “lokuhlanzwa kokuziphatha” okukhulu izazi zefilosofi nababhali ababekumemezele ngokukhulu ukushesha. .

- UStefan Zweig, Umhlaba Wezolo

UStefan Zweig, lowo othanda abantu abaningi bababhali baseYurophu, wabhekana neMpi Yezwe Yokuqala njengomuntu othembekile wase-Austro-Hungarian. Okungukuthi, akazange aphikisane nezitha ezisemthethweni iBrithani neFrance, kodwa impi ngokwayo. Impi yayicekela phansi izwe lakhe. Ehlanganyela nabanye abaculi nhlangothi zombili zemisele, wenqaba ukubulala umuntu wakubo.

Ngo-1917, amaKatolika amabili avelele ase-Austria, uHeinrich Lammasch no-Ignaz Seipel, athululela isifuba kuZweig amacebo awo okuqondisa uMbusi uKarl ekuthuleni okuhlukile neBrithani neFrance. "Akekho ongasola thina ngokungathembeki," kusho uLammasch etshela uZweig. "Sihlupheke ngaphezu kwesigidi. Senze futhi sadela ngokwanele!" UKarl wathumela iNkosana yaseParma, umlamu wakhe, kuGeorges Clemenceau eParis.

Lapho amaJalimane ezwa ngokuzama ukukhaphela umngane wawo, uKarl wala. “Njengoba umlando ubonisa,” kubhala uZweig, “kwakuyithuba lokugcina elalingasindisa uMbuso Wase-Austro-Hungarian, ubukhosi, kanjalo neYurophu ngaleso sikhathi.” UZweig, eSwitzerland lapho eyoqeqeshelwa khona umdlalo wakhe omelene nempi uJeremiah, kanye nomngane wakhe ongumFulentshi, uRomain Rolland, owathola umklomelo kaNobel, unxuse ababhali abakanye naye ukuthi basuse amapeni abo ezizikhalini zenkulumo-ze babe amathuluzi okubuyisana.

Ukube Imibuso Emikhulu yayimlalele uZweig e-Austria-Hungary, eRolland eFrance naseBertrand Russell eBrithani, impi yayingase iphele ngaphambi kukaNovember 1918 futhi isindise okungenani ukuphila kwentsha eyisigidi.

Abadali bokuthula eSyria bathola lokho uZweig akwenza cishe eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule: izimbungulu nezigubhu ziminza izingcingo zokuhlanzeka. Umbiko wesizindalwazi se-Open Democracy ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule ubike ukuthi ababhikishi endaweni ephethwe amavukela-mbuso e-Bostan al-Qasr e-Aleppo bahlabelele bathi, "Wonke amabutho angamasela: umbuso, Free [Syrian Army] kanye nama-Islamists."

Amasosha ahlomile eJubhat Al Nusra, iqembu lamaSulumane elisekelwa yiSaudi Arabia futhi elithatha njengamaphekula yi-United States, abahlakaze ngomlilo ovuthayo. Kuzo zombili izinhlangothi, labo abafuna ukuxoxisana ngokuchithwa kwegazi bakhishwa inyumbazane futhi kubi nakakhulu.

Umbuso ubophe u-Orwa Nyarabia, umdidiyeli wamafilimu nesishoshovu, ngenxa yemibhikisho yakhe enokuthula. Lapho ekhululwa, wabalekela eCairo ukuze aqhubeke nekhwelo loshintsho olungenalo udlame. UDkt Zaidoun Al Zoabi, isifundiswa okuwukuphela kwezikhali zakhe okwakungamazwi, manje usephelelwa amandla, kanye nomfowabo uSohaib, esikhungweni sezokuphepha sombuso waseSyria. (Uma uzibuza ukuthi lokho kusho ukuthini, buza i-CIA ukuthi kungani ijwayele "ukunikeza" abasolwa eSyria.)

Abantu baseSyria abakhule benengcindezelo yombuso bathola unya lwempilo ezindaweni "ezikhululekile". Intatheli engumqaphi uGhaith Abdul Ahad uhambele umhlangano wabaphathi abaphezulu abangama-32 e-Aleppo ngesonto eledlule. OwayenguColonel manje ophethe umkhandlu wezempi wase-Aleppo watshela ozakwabo: "Ngisho nabantu sebekhathele ngathi. Sasingabakhululi, kodwa manje bayasigxeka futhi babhikishe ngathi."

Ngenkathi ngise-Aleppo ngo-Okthoba, abantu bendawo empofu yase-Bani Zaid bancenga i-Free Syrian Army ukuba ibashiye ngokuthula. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, kuye kwaqubuka izimpi phakathi kwamaqembu amavukela-mbuso ngenxa yokuphanga. U-Abdul Ahad uchaze ngokuphangwa kwamavukelambuso esikoleni:

"La madoda akhiphe amanye amatafula, osofa nezihlalo ngaphandle kwesikole akunqwabelanisa ekhoneni lomgwaqo. Kwalandela amakhompyutha namamonitha."

Isilwi sabhalisa impango ebhukwini elikhulu. “Siyigcine endaweni ephephile,” usho kanje.

Kamuva ngesonto, ngabona osofa besikole namakhompyutha kuhlezi ngokunethezeka efulethini elisha lomkhuzi.

Omunye umlwi, induna yempi okuthiwa u-Abu Ali olawula izikwele ezimbalwa ze-Aleppo njengeqhawe lakhe, uthe: "Basola thina ngokucekela phansi. Mhlawumbe baqinisile, kodwa ngabe abantu base-Aleppo basekela uguquko kusukela ekuqaleni, lokhu bekungeke kwenzeke."

Amavukelambuso, ngokuvumelana nabasekeli bawo bangaphandle e-Riyadh, e-Doha, e-Ankara nase-Washington, anqabe ngokuqinile umhlathi ukuze avune impi. Umholi weSyrian National Coalition esanda kwakhiwa, uMoaz Al Khatib, unqabile ucingo lwakamuva lwenxusa le-UN uLakhdar Brahimi kanye noSergei Lavrov Wangaphandle WaseRussia ukuthi bahambele izingxoxo nohulumeni waseSyria. UMnu Al Khatib ugcizelela ukuthi u-Bashar Al Assad ehle esikhundleni njengombandela wokuqala wezingxoxo, kodwa ngokuqinisekile ikusasa likaMnu Al Assad lingelinye lamaphuzu amqoka okuxoxwa ngawo.

Amavukelambuso, uMnu Al Khatib angakwazi ukuwalawula, awakwazanga ukunqoba uMnu Al Assad cishe eminyakeni emibili yempi. I-Stalemate enkundleni yempi iphikisana nezingxoxo zokuqeda ingxabano ngokwamukela ukushintshela kokuthile okusha. Ingabe kufanelekile ukubulala amanye amaSyria angama-50,000 ukuze kugcinwe uMnu Al Assad oguqukweni oluzoholela ekuhambeni kwakhe?

Lapho iMpi Yezwe Yokuqala iphela lapho kwabulawa amasosha acishe abe yizigidi ezingu-9 futhi impucuko yaseYurophu ilungele ubudlova bobuNazi, umzabalazo awuzange ukuthethelele ukulahlekelwa. Umphumela ogcwele igazi wawungcono kancane. UZweig wabhala: "Ngokuba sasikholelwa - futhi umhlaba wonke wakholwa nathi - ukuthi lena bekuyimpi yokuqeda zonke izimpi, ukuthi isilo esasichitha umhlaba wethu sathambisa noma sahlatshwa. Sasikholelwa ebukhosini bukaMongameli Woodrow Wilson. uhlelo, okwakungolwethu nathi; sabona ukukhanya okufiphele kokusa empumalanga ngalezo zinsuku, lapho iNguquko YaseRussia yayisenkathini yayo yeholide yomshado yezimiso zobuntu. Sasiyiziwula, ngiyazi."

Ingabe labo abadudula abaseSiriya ukuba balwe futhi balwe, kunokuba babhekane etafuleni lezingxoxo, bawubuwula obuncane na?

UCharles Glass ungumbhali wezincwadi ezimbalwa zaseMpumalanga Ephakathi, okuhlanganisa iTribes with Flags kanye neThe Northern Front: An Iraq War Diary. Futhi ungumshicileli ngaphansi kwe-London imprint Charles Glass Books

Inothi lomhleli: Lesi sihloko sachitshiyelwa ukuze kulungiswe iphutha lokufometha.

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