Amafilimu amathathu asekhohliwe, anezinhlayiya adutshulwa eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-40 edlule aveza ubufakazi bobugebengu obenziwa ohulumeni baseBrithani ngokumelene nezakhamuzi zakhona ezisengozini kakhulu. Abakushoyo kuyindaba eshaqisayo, ecishe ingakholeki lapho uHulumeni kaBlair abambe iqhaza elikhulu kuyo. Enye yamafilimu, eyenziwe ngo-1957 yi-Colonial Film Unit, ikhombisa abantu baseziqhingini zase-Chagos, ikoloni laseBrithani e-Indian Ocean.
Isilungiselelo asihle; iqoqo leziqhingi zamakhorali eliphakathi kwe-Afrika ne-Asia: isenzakalo sobuhle bemvelo nokuthula lapho, kusho umhlaziyi, โiningi labantu seliphile izizukulwane ngezizukulwaneโ. Kukhona amadolobhana achumayo, isikole, isibhedlela, isonto, ujantshi wesitimela, amachweba, ipulazi le-copra. Efilimini yesibili, eshuthwe izithunywa zevangeli, izinja ezithandwayo zezakhamuzi zakulesi siqhingi zichaphaza ogwini oluvikelekile olunezintelezi zesundu zibamba izinhlanzi; futhi kunomugqa womama abaqhoshayo, begqoke izingubo ezinhle, nezingane zabo ezilindele ukubhapathizwa. Lapha ngokuqinisekile uMbuso WaseBrithani wawusesimweni esihle kakhulu.
Ifilimu yesithathu iphawula ukuphela kwakho konke lokhu: isenzo sonya nokuphindaphinda nokufana okumbalwa kwe-Imperial. Unyaka u-1961; indoda eyisigqila igibela ogwini e-Diego Garcia, isiqhingi esikhulu seqembu le-Chagos.
Uyi-Rear-Admiral Grantham we-US Navy futhi ukuvakasha kwakhe kulandelwa inhlolovo eyimfihlo yamaNgisi namaMelika esiqhingini yesikhungo sezempi - esinye sezisekelo ezinkulu zaseMelika ngaphandle kwe-United States: lokho iPentagon eWashington ekubiza ngokuthi " inkundla ebalulekileโ yamaphoyisa emhlabeni jikelele. Namuhla ku-Diego Garcia kunamasosha aseMelika angaphezu kuka-2,000, amise imikhumbi ye-30, okuhlanganisa abathwali bezindiza ezihlome ngezikhali zenuzi, isiteshi sezinhloli zesathelayithi kanye nemigwaqo emibili emide kakhulu emhlabeni lapho amabhomu e-B-52 kanye ne-Stealth ehlasele khona i-Afghanistan ne-Iraq.
Ngomhwamuko lapho amabhomu endiza ungabona, ngakolunye uhlangothi lwechweba, imizana ephukile: izindlu ezishiwo yihlathi, ezinye zisenefenisha yazo, izithombe nezinye izinto zomuntu siqu ezashiywa ngosuku abantu baxoshwa.
Ezizulazulayo izimbongolo nezinja zabo manje ezifuyile, kodwa zimbalwa zalezi nzalo yezilwane ezifuywayo zalezi ziqhingi. Njengoba abantu baseMelika beqala ukwakha isizinda sabo samadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-30 edlule uSir Bruce Greatbatch, i-KCVO, i-CMG, i-MBE, umbusi waseSeychelles, wayala ukuba zonke izinja eziku-Diego Garcia zibulawe. Izilwane ezifuywayo ezingaphezu kuka-1,000 zafakwa isisi se-exhaust. โBafaka izinja esithandweni lapho abantu besebenza khona,โ kusho uLisette Talatte, oseminyakeni yawo-60, wangitshela, โfuthi lapho izinja zabo zithathwa phambi kwabo izingane zethu zaklabalasa zakhala.โ
USir Bruce wayenikezwe umthwalo wemfanelo walokho abantu baseMelika ababekubiza ngokuthi โukuhlanzaโ kanye โnokuhlanzaโ iziqhingi; futhi ukubulawa kwezilwane ezifuywayo kwathathwa abantu basesiqhingini njengesixwayiso. Ngokwasekuvunyelwene phakathi kweWashington neWhitehall ekusithekeni kwakuwukuthi izakhamuzi zasesiqhingini saseChagos eziyizi-2,000 zazizophoqwa ukuba zisuke ezweni lakubo. Imemorandamu yeHhovisi Lezangaphandle yango-1965 ichaza ukuthi abantu baseMelika benza kanjani ukuxoshwa kwabo bonke abantu โcishe kwaba yisimo sesivumelwanoโ. Ngokuqondene namaCreole amnene ababewakhipha, โlaba bantu banekhono elincane lanoma yini enye ngaphandle kokutshala ukhukhunathiโ. Babhala, uSir Bruce Greatbatch, "abahlakaniphile futhi abaqeqesheki". Ngamanye amazwi, iyasebenziseka.
Amafayela atholwe ku-National Archives e-Washington kanye ne-Public Record Office e-London anikeza ubufakazi obucacile bozungu phakathi kukahulumeni Wezabasebenzi ka-Harold Wilson kanye nabaphathi ababili baseMelika ngendlela yokulandisa okushisayo kokuqamba amanga okusemthethweni okuzokwaziwa kakhulu kulabo babhale amanga nge-Iraq. Lolu zungu lwaqala lapho kwakhiwa ikoloni mbumbulu ebizwa ngokuthi iBritish Indian Ocean Territory, noma i-BIOT. Inhloso yalokhu kwakuwukuqeda abantu.
Ukwenza lokhu, iHhovisi Lezangaphandle lasungula inganekwane yokuthi abantu baseziqhingini babeyizisebenzi zenkontileka zesikhashana ezingase "zibuyiselwe" eMauritius naseSeychelles, eqhele ngamamayela ayi-1,000. Lokhu kwakufana โnokubuyiselaโ iningi labantu base-Australia, okhokho babo basukela ngo-1770, ngawo lowo nyaka abantu bokuqala abahlala eziqhingini abazinza eChagos. Inhloso, yabhala isikhulu seHhovisi Lezangaphandle ngo-1966, "ukuguqula zonke izakhamizi ezikhona zibe izakhamizi zesikhashana, zesikhashana". Okuvezwa amafayela futhi isimo sengqondo sonya nokudelela.
Ngo-August 1966, uSir Paul Gore-Booth, isikhulu esisebenza ngokugcwele eHhovisi Lezangaphandle, wabhala: โKumelwe siqinise kakhulu ngalokhu. Inhloso yalo msebenzi bekuwukuthola amatshe azohlala ewethu. Ngeke kube khona abantu bomdabu ngaphandle kwama-seagull.โ Ekugcineni kwalokhu inothi elibhalwe ngesandla ngu-DH Greenhill, kamuva u-Baron Greenhill wase-Harrow. โNihamba nezinyoni ngamaTarzan noma ngolwesihlanu lwamadoda?โ Ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi Maintaining The Fiction, esinye isikhulu sinxusa ozakwabo ukuthi bahlukanise kabusha abantu baseziqhingini โnjengabantu abantantayoโ futhi โbakhe imithetho njengoba siqhubekaโ.
Ngokuqondene neNhlangano Yezizwe kanye nomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, owatshala emandleni asele ekoloni โithemba elingcweleโ lokuvikela amalungelo abantu ayisisekelo ezakhamuzi zawo ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwawo, isikhulu esiphezulu seHhovisi Lezangaphandle sihlongoze โinqubomgomo 'yokunganakwa okuthulile' - ngamanye amazwi, asikhohlwe yilena kuze kube iNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene inselele ngayoโ. Lapho ngifunda le mibhalo, angitholanga nelilodwa izwi lokukhathazeka ngokuhlupheka okubangelwa noma ngisho nokuqaphela ukuthi empeleni iBrithani yayithumba izakhamuzi zayo. Kunokukhathazeka ngokuthola kwabezindaba "kanye nokulimaza umphakathi" futhi manje bese kuthi abakhi bozungu babonakale bephakamisa umoya. โLokhu akwanelisi neze,โ kubhala esinye isikhulu, โsihlongoza ukuba kugunyazwe laba bantu, ngendlela yokukhwabanisa, njengabakwenye indawo?โ
I-cover-up yafika phezulu. Ngo-1968 uNobhala Wezangaphandle uMichael Stewart wabhala ukuthi "nganoma yiluphi ulimi lwesiNgisi, kwakukhona abantu bomdabu futhi Ihhovisi Lezangaphandle lalikwazi". Nokho ngo-April 21, 1969, ngomzuzu oyimfihlo ku-Harold Wilson, uStewart wahlongoza ukuthi uhulumeni aqambe amanga ku-UN โngokwethula noma yikuphi umnyakazo njengoshintsho lokuqashwa kwabasebenzi bezinkontileka - kunokuba kube ukuhlaliswa kwabantu.โ
Ezinsukwini ezinhlanu kamuva uWilson wanikeza imvume yakhe, eyakopishwa kumalungu aphezulu eKhabhinethi. Ekuqaleni abantu baseziqhingini bakhohliswa ukuba bahambe; labo ababedinga usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo eMauritius bavinjelwa ukuba babuyele ekhaya. Kunesithombe esithathwe ngaphandle kwehhovisi lomphathi ku-Diego Garcia. Kuyisithombe esibuhlungu, esathathwa ngo-1973, kungekudala ngemva kokubulawa kwezinja. Isixuku esimangele sisanda kutshelwa ukuthi iziqhingi zaso sezidayisiwe futhi zizoxoshwa.
Babengathatha ipotimende elilodwa kuphela. Kolunye uhambo olwandle olugubhayo amahhashi enkampani ye-copra ayehlezi emphemeni, kuyilapho abesifazane nezingane belele emgodleni womanyolo wezinyoni. Lapho befika eSeychelles bavalelwa ejele baze bayiswa eMauritius. Eminyakeni yokuqala yokudingiswa ukuzibulala kwakuvamile. "U-Elaine noMichel Mouza: umama nengane bazibulala," kusho umbiko ngo-1975. "UJosie noMaude Baptiste: ubumpofu - akukho phahla, akukho ukudla, bazibulala." U-Lisette Talatte washonelwa izingane ezimbili. โUdokotela uthe akakwazi ukwelapha ukudabuka,โ wangitshela. URita Bancoult, manje oneminyaka engu-79, washonelwa amadodakazi amabili nendodana; wangitshela ukuthi ngesikhathi umyeni wakhe etshelwa ukuthi umndeni wawungeke usakwazi ukubuyela ekhaya, washaywa unhlangothi washona.
Kungemva kweminyaka engaphezu kweshumi kuphela lapho abantu basesiqhingini bathola isinxephezelo: ngaphansi kuka-ยฃ3,000 umuntu ngamunye. Ngo-2000 iNkantolo Ephakeme yanquma ukuxoshwa kwabo ngokungekho emthethweni. Kodwa-ke, uHulumeni kaBlair, yize engasiphikisanga lesi sinqumo, ubavimbele ukuthi bagoduke ngokwenza โucwaningo lokuthi kungenzeka yiniโ ukuze kutholakale ukuthi iziqhingi zingahlaliswa kabusha yini. Ithole ukuthi "yacwila" - mhlawumbe ngaphansi kwesisindo sezinkulungwane zamasosha ase-US, amabha, ama-barbecues namabhomu. Ngo-2003 izakhamuzi zakulesi siqhingi zenqatshelwa ukunxeshezelwa ecaleni laseNkantolo Ephakeme manje eladuma kabi, lapho ijaji libhekisela kokuthi โthinaโ njengokungathi iHhovisi Lezangaphandle nenkantolo zisohlangothini olulodwa.
NgoJuni odlule uHulumeni wacela "ilungelo lasebukhosini" - isimemezelo - sokuchitha isinqumo sika-2000, kudlule iPhalamende futhi kuvinjelwe abantu baseziqhingini ukuthi babuyele emakhaya. Ngesonto eledlule, ngemva kokukhonjiswa kwefilimu yami ku-ITV, lo mshikashika omubi waphenduka elinye futhi ikona lapho iNkantolo eNkulu ivuma ukuba kubuyekezwe umthetho wenkosi. Abantu bakulezi ziqhingi, beholwa ngu-Olivier Bancoult, owadingiswa esemncane, nommeli wabo waseLondon ongajwayelekile, uRichard Gifford, bathi uma lokhu kuhluleka bazobhekisa amabombo eNkantolo YaseYurophu Yamalungelo Abantu.
Isigaba Sesikhombisa seNkantolo Yamazwe Ngamazwe entsha sishiya ukungabaza okuncane ukuthi okwenziwa kulaba bantu abamnene, abaqinile kwakuyicala elibhekiswe esintwini. Njengoba amabhomu kaBush esuka ezweni lakubo, umhlanganyeli wakhe ku-Downing Street angase acabange ngalokho.
Idokhumentari ye-ITV kaJohn Pilger, ethi, Stealing A Nation, inga-oda ngevidiyo. Bhalela ku: Ilabhulali Yevidiyo, ITV1, Gas Street, Birmingham B1 2JT, UK. Uma ungathanda ukusiza abantu baseziqhingini, unganikela ku-Ilois (islanders) Support Trust. I-akhawunti yasebhange yaseLondon ithi Natwest, No 90213319, ikhodi yokuhlunga 60-30-06.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela