Muva nje, bengifunda ngokuncibilika kwezinguzunga zeqhwa okubangelwa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu eGreater Himalaya. Ukuqonda imiphumela edabukisayo yokwehliswa kokunyakaza okuhamba kancane kokunye kwezindawo zomhlaba ezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni, uma sikubeka ngesizotha, kungishiye ngidangele. Ukuchitha isikhathi sicubungula imiphumela elimazayo yomfula kubantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili (kusuka eNyakatho China Plain kuya e-Afghanistan) abancike ezinhlelweni zemifula - iYellow, Yangtze, Mekong, Salween, Irrawaddy, Brahmaputra, Ganges, Indus, Amu Darya kanye neTarim - okwenzeka kulezi zintaba akulona ikhambi lokugula futhi.
Uma ugxila kulezo zindawo eziphakeme ze-Himalaya, umuzwa ojulile wokulahlekelwa ugaqa phezu kwakho - uhlobo oluvela ekucabangeni isiphetho esingase sibe khona sento eyake yacatshangwa njengengenakunyakaziswa, engaguquki, yaphakade, into evele yaba sengozini ngokungalindelekile futhi eyonakalayo njengoba ingene ngokunyelela. ukwehla okungenakuhlehliswa. Lezo zinguzunga zeqhwa ezinhle, ezaziwa ngokuthi i-Third Pole ngenxa yokuthi zineqhwa eliningi kunawo wonke emhlabeni elishoda ezindaweni ezimbili ezishisayo, manje ziyawohloka kule planethi eshisa ngokweqile futhi akekho owaziyo ukuthi enzeni ngakho.
Ukuma eduze kweyodwa yalawo maleviyathani eqhwa, lawo ma-Moby Dick asezintabeni, ukuzwa ngendlela ebuhlungu kakhulu ubuhle bomsebenzi womdali. Futhi wukuthola umqondo wasendulo, olahlekelwe kakhulu kithi, wobuncane bethu obuhlobene kule planethi futhi sikhunjuzwe ngenkani ukuthi sesidlule lapho sifinyelela khona. Izinsuku lapho umhlaba wemvelo wawukhuphuka ngokuphawulekayo phezu kwamandla eqoqo esintu alinganiselwe seziphelile. Amandla - ikakhulukazi okusetha i-ajenda yokucekela phansi - asukile emvelweni angena kithi ngokungenakuguqulwa.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile nalo belisemqondweni wami muva nje futhi lingishiye ngidangele. Kulokhu, i-Moby Dick okukhulunywa ngayo izwe lami, i-United States of America. Nathi thina bantu baseMelika, sibonakala sesidlulile esicongweni. Njengezinguzunga zeqhwa eziphakeme ze-Himalaya, izici ezazaziwa kudala zesizwe sakithi seziqala ukuzizwa sengathi ziyancibilika ngomqondo othile.
Iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili yebhola lika-George W. Bush ngokungenakuphikwa yasiza ukuqalisa ukwehla kwethu. Kwabe sekuqala ukuqaphela ukuthi uMongameli uBarack Obama, owangena esikhundleni ekhokhiswa njengesisusa soguquko oluqinisekile, ngeke aphinde amise ukuncibilika "kwamandla amakhulu" angaphambili emhlabeni kunokuba ingqungquthela yaseCopenhagen izomisa ukuncibilika kwalezo zinguzunga zeqhwa. . Phela, iWashington edla inyama nengasebenzi kahle isikhumbuza njalo ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi sisondela ekupheleni kwenkathi yokuba khona kweMelika. Ngenxa yesithembiso sika-Obama esikhohlisayo sokuthi uzosuswa ngokungafanele kungenze ngizizwe sengathi thina njengezwe, kungenzeka siphuthelwe yindiza yokugcina.
Futhi uma ngikhuluma ngezindiza zokugcina eziphumile, bengilokhu ngiziningi zalezo kamuva nje. Kunzima ngokwanele ukucabanga ngokuncipha kwezwe lomuntu ngaphakathi, kodwa phesheya? Lokho - thatha izwi lami ngakho - kuyithemba elibuhlungu nakakhulu. Ngoba laphaya awukwazi ukubalekela ukwazi ukuthi okusebenzayo nokwakhiwa kwenye indawo kuyehluleka futhi kuyahlukaniswa lapha. Ukuhamba kuwukuphoqeleka ukwenza iziqhathaniso ezingapheli okuthi uma kukhulunywa ngezwe lethu kufane nokuphazanyiswa amaphupho angashaqisayo.
Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule, njengoba ngizulazula emhlabeni ngisuka e-San Francisco ngiya e-Copenhagen ngiya e-Beijing ngiya e-Dubai, ngithathele ekugcineni uhlu olufakwe kabili lwalokho okusebenzayo nokungasebenzi, izwe ngalinye. Ngeshwa, ikakhulukazi uhlu lwalokho okusebenzayo "lapho" futhi akusebenzi lapha. Kusezindaweni ezifana ne-China, South Korea, Sweden, Holland, Switzerland, kanye (kuze kube muva nje) ne-United Arab Emiratesโezinye ezingeyona ngisho imiphakathi evulekileโlapho uthola khona abantu besebenza kanzima ezinselele zemfundo, ezokuthutha, ezamandla, kanye nezinselelo. imvelo. Kulapho lapho umuntu ezwa khona umuzwa wokuba nokwenzeka, wokuba nethemba, wokuba nethemba ongakwenza isikhathi eside kangaka ehlotshaniswa ne-U.S.
I-China, izwe esengilivakashele izikhathi ezingaphezu kwekhulu kusukela ngo-100, livusa isethi yemizwa eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kimi. Phela, inohulumeni waseLeninist okwakungafanele uphumelele; futhi nokho, naphezu kwazo zonke izibikezelo, ikwazile ukuhlanganisa isimangaliso sezomnotho ukuthi, noma yini ongase uyicabange ngokusobala kwezombusazwe, ukubusa komthetho, amalungelo abantu, noma intando yeningi, kuletha isikhathi esikhulu. Uma ulapho, ungazizwa unamandla kanye nethemba emoyeni (kanye nokungcoliswa kwemvelo okuhlabayo okuvame ukuntinyela), okuyinto, ngikholwa ukuthi, okubabayo kumuntu waseMelika ozindla ngamandla akhe okuvuselela angekho esenzweni. izwe.
Njengoba bengihamba ngisuka ezikhumulweni zezindiza ezisebenza ngokukhazimulayo zaseChina ngiya ezinguqulweni zethu ezinesiphithiphithi nezivame ukubhidlika ezifanayo, noma izitimela ezihamba ngesivinini esikhulu zaseYurophu ngiya kojantshi bethu besitimela abampofu, ngigcina lolo hlu olukhulayo lwami esandleni, yami. inguqulo encane yalokho okusebenzayo nokungasebenzi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okufakiwe kwayo kuwele kwesinye sezigaba ezintathu engicabanga into enjengale:
1. Iqinile, igcwele amandla, ikhula, igcwele isithembiso namandla, umona wezwe.
2. Ukuphila nokukhahlela, kodwa ngokulinganisela okubucayi phakathi kokukhula nokwehla.
3. Iphukile ngendlela engenakutholakala, futhi mancane amathuba okuthi impilo ibuyiselwe noma nini maduze.
Futhi lapha-ke, njengoba ngikucabanga, ukuma kweMelika namuhla mayelana nokuthi yini esebenzayo nengasebenzi, yini ekhulayo nehlulekayo:
1. I-Bio-technology, ithuthuka ngendlela eguquguqukayo futhi ilethe ucwaningo olusha kakhulu lwezobuchwepheshe emhlabeni, ukucabanga, kanye nemibono; I-Silicon Valley, esenamandla amakhulu okusungula, amandla, kanye nemali etholakalayo; umphakathi okuthe, naphezu kokuwohloka komnotho, usabonakala ukhula, usaheha abantu abasha abangcono kunabo bonke, futhi osawenza ngendlela encomekayo umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu wokuba uciko kuhulumeni nakwezinye izikhungo ezisunguliwe; I-American philanthropy, eguquguquke kakhulu, exhaswe kahle kakhulu, futhi eqanjwe kabusha emhlabeni; amasosha ase-U.S., aholwa kakhulu, aqeqeshwe, ahlonyisiwe, futhi anakekelwa emhlabeni, naphezu kwendlela eliye laphonswa ngayo ngokuphindaphindiwe ezimpini ezingenathemba ngosopolitiki abayiziphukuphuku; indwangu yeningi lempilo yasedolobheni elincane laseMelika nomuzwa walo osekhona wokuhlangana nomoya womphakathi; ubuciko, kokubili amasiko aphezulu kanye ne-pop, eziqhayisa ngemboni yefilimu esadlangile ehlala "inamandla amakhulu" embulunga yonke okuzijabulisa okubonakalayo, kanye namanethiwekhi adingekayo ama-symphony orchestra, ama-ballet, amatiyetha, amaqembu omculo we-pop, namamnyuziyamu asezingeni lomhlaba.
2. Imfundo yasesikoleni esiphakeme nesamabanga aphakeme, lapho iMelika isazishaya isifuba ngezinye zezikhungo ezivelele emhlabeni, nakuba ezihamba phambili ziya ngokuya ziba yimfihlo njengoba izinhlelo zomphakathi eziyigugu njenge-California zishayelwa phansi ngenxa yokwehliswa kwesabelomali okulimazayo, okuphindaphindiwe; uhlelo lukagesi lukazwelonke olusaletha, kodwa olucinywe uwoyela namalahle, futhi luncike kugridi oludinga kakhulu "ubuhlakani" obusha; ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, okuqhathaniseka kahle nalokho okwakwamanye amazwe, nakuba ehlala exhaswa ngemali encane kanjalo, njengohlelo lwethu lwepaki kazwelonke olungavamile, olulokhu lunyakaza ngaphezu kwalasha; uhlelo lwezinkantolo, luthwele kanzima futhi luxhaswe ngemali encane, kodwa ludonsa kanzima ukuletha ubulungiswa.
3. Uhulumeni wobumbano, ngokuyisisekelo wahlukunyezwa; UKhongolose, ukhubazeka ngokwandayo futhi uhluleka kakhulu ukuletha izixazululo ezinkingeni ezicindezela kakhulu zezwe; uhulumeni wezwe, owaphukile kakhulu; uhlelo lomgwaqo omkhulu ophakathi kwezifunda kanye nengqalasizinda yethu yamabhuloho namahubhe, ancibilika njengeqhwa elangeni ngenxa yokuthi ukugcinwa nokulungiswa kabusha kubi kakhulu; amadikhi, izinhlelo zamanzi, kanye nezinye izici eziningi zengqalasizinda kazwelonke egcina izwe liqhubeka, ngendlela efanayo elidala futhi eliwohlokayo; izindiza, ezinye zezindiza ezidabukisa kakhulu emhlabeni ezinezindiza ezindala kakhulu, ezingcolile, nezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nezikhumulo zezindiza ezidingekile ukuhamba nazo; amachweba awela ngemuva kwamazinga omhlaba; uhlelo lwabagibeli besitimela, ngokungafani namazwe asuka eSpain ukuya eShayina, olungenalo imayela elilodwa lesitimela esinesivinini esikhulu ngempela; uhlelo lwezezimali lwezwe abaphathi babo abahola kakhulu abagcinanga nje ngokusikhipha eweni lezomnotho ngo-2008, kodwa bakwazi nokufaka engozini lonke uhlelo ngokwalo emehlweni omhlaba; imidiya yokusakaza okuthi - ukusakazwa komphakathi kanye nezici ze-inthanethi ebalulekile nekhulayo ngaphandle - okuyisimo esidabukisayo sokuhweba ngokweqile, esihlakazekile esiye sadumaza kakhulu izwe mayelana nokusigcina sinolwazi; amaphephandaba, asesimweni sokuwa mahhala; ukushicilelwa kwezincwadi, kuyiwa ohlangothini olufanayo; imfundo yamabanga aphansi (okungukuthi, ikusasa lethu), ikakhulukazi izikole zomphakathi ze-K-12 emadolobheni amakhulu, ezingenawo uxhaso ngezimali futhi sezicishe zaphuka emiphakathini eminingi; imboni yokudla exhasa ushukela nesitashi, igxilisa abantu ngokudla okusheshayo, futhi ishiye u-60% wabantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile; ukukhiqiza okuyisisekelo, njengemboni yezimoto, ngokusobala kuphokophele ekukhohlweni, noma eShayina, kuye ngokuthi ikuphi okuza kuqala; idolobha laseMelika, ligeqeka futhi libhidlika; isimiso samajele, enye yezimboni ezimbalwa ezikhulayo zaseMelika kodwa ewumgodi wokuphelelwa ithemba.
Njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi ubonile, isigaba sokuqala siseduze nohlu olugcwele, isigaba sesibili, sisondele ngokwanele, kuyilapho isigaba sesithathu siwukuthinta nje okubheke kokwehla ngezinga elikhulu. Ngeshwa, kubonakala kunwebeka njalo. Ngokungangabazeki uzolingeka ukuthi ungeze ngokwakho kukho. (Nginomfutho ofanayo njalo lapho ngikwenye indawo futhi ngibona ithoyizi elisha elicwebezelayo lemboni noma lomklami esingalenzi noma ngisho sibe nalo.) Lapho ngitshela umngane wami ngalokhu kulangazelela kwami โโukubala, waphakamisa ukuthi kungase kuvele. ukuze ube iwebhusayithi enhle. (Bona umhlaba onamandla we-inthanethi esigabeni sokuqala.) Futhi kungaba njalo โ uhlobo lwe-electronic stock market Big Board lapho umhlaba ungalinganisa futhi usize ukulandelela zonke lezo zinto abantu abazithola zikhuthaza noma zidumaza nge-U.S. kanye namanye amazwe .
Umfutho wokuqala wohlu lwami, nokho, wawuzivikela. Bengifuna "izinto ezisebenzayo" lapha, kungcono ukuthi ngikhiphe lowo muzwa odumazayo wokwehla kweMelika ngiwufake ohlotsheni lokungakwazi ukwenza lokho uKhongolose abeyisibonelo. Cabangela ukuzivocavoca kwami โโuhlobo oluthile lwesiko lokukhohlisa - i-talisman - ehloselwe ukubamba imimoya emibi njengoba nje, lapho ngifika e-Beijing ebusika futhi ngithola i-mercury eduze kweziro (okuyivelakancane eyandayo kule minyaka edlule) noma ngiwela esiphephweni seqhwa eNew. York City, ngikhululekile. Kimina, ukubonakaliswa okunjalo kobusika bangempela kuyizimpawu zokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi imvelo ayikazinikela ngokuphelele kithi, ukuthi ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kusabekelwa inselele, nokuthi izinto zingase zingahambi ngendlela engiyesaba ngayo ngezinye izikhathi.
Futhi nokho lolo hlu lwezinto ezingenziwa luhlala lufushane ngendlela engabekezeleleki futhi okungenziwa kuyakhula ngohambo. Ngingathanda ukuqiniseka ngenye indlela, kodwa njengamasimu eqhwa eGreater Himalaya encibilika phambi kwamehlo ethu, amandla nesithembiso saseMelika, okwake kwabonakala kuyingxenye ehlala njalo yomhlaba wonke njengezinguzunga zeqhwa, izintaba, nolwandle, kubonakala sengathi kuncibilika ngosuku.
U-Orville Schell unguMqondisi we-Asia Society's Centre on US-China Relations, lapho ehola khona iphrojekthi ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye neThafa laseTibetan. Uke waba yiDini leGraduate School of Journalism eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia, eBerkeley, umbhali wezincwadi eziningi ngeShayina, futhi uvame ukuhambela imisebenzi yakhe ehlukahlukene yobuntatheli.
[Le ndatshana yaqala ukuvela ngo I-Tomdispatch.com, ibhulogi yewebhu ye-Nation Institute, enikeza ukugeleza okuqhubekayo kweminye imithombo, izindaba, kanye nemibono evela ku-Tom Engelhardt, umhleli wesikhathi eside ekushicilelweni, Umsunguli we- i-American Empire Project, Umbhali we Ukuphela KweMasiko Okunqoba, kanye nomhleli we Umhlaba NgokukaTomdispatch: IMelika Enkathini Entsha Yombuso.]
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela