Impi yokungena esikhundleni sikaNobhala Wezabasebenzi u-Hilda Solis eqenjini elincane eliqokiwe laseLatino Congressional District 32 eLos Angeles isiphelile. Isifunda sesifunda saseLatino salahlekelwa isifiso sokuvelela kanye nokuziphindiselela komuntu siqu lapho abantu baba isisekelo somkhuba onyanyekayo wepolitiki yamandla onxiwankulu. Ukhetho olwalulindelwe seluphenduke intuthuko ebalulekile yokubaluleka kwendawo kanye nakuzwelonke. Kuthinte isigaba sezepolitiki esikhulayo saseLatino kanye nezinkambu zayo ezihlukene, isiqondiso sezepolitiki ezithuthukayo zaseLatino, kwengeza izwi elinamandla nelamukelayo lika-Angelinos eWashington, ikakhulukazi ngekusasa lezinguquko kwezokufika, ukumelela okuzimele kwangempela kanye nokunika amandla enhloko-dolobha yezwe. abantu eMpumalanga North East LA kanye San Gabriel Valley izindawo Southern California, inhlangano yabasebenzi ehlukene futhi embattled futhi ekugcineni, kwaba futhi namanje inhlolovo on Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa.
Ilungu Lebhodi Lokulinganisa Lombuso uJudy Chou uwine ukhetho lwangoMeyi 19 ngamavoti angu-15,338, 32% wanqoba uSenator Wesifunda uGil Cedillo angu-11,244, 23%. Bekusobala zisuka nje ukuthi kuzoba ubusuku obude ngesikhathi isibalo samavoti abebengekho singena nabangu-6,000 kuChou nabangu-2,000 beCedillo. Ukuhola kwakungenakunqotshwa. Ngemuva kwalokho u-Emanuel Pleitez, ongenele iTrojan Horse emjahweni, uhlwithe abangu-6,509 ku-14% wamavoti. Kafushane, umshini we-Villaraigosa unqobile, kodwa ukuhlukana phakathi kwesigaba sezombangazwe saseLatino kuye kwajula kakhulu.
Izibalo zabantu. Iphrofayili yalesi sifunda iqukethe izakhamuzi ezingaphezu kuka-225,000 futhi kube yisifunda saseLatino, esaklanywa kabusha futhi savikelwa ngaphansi koMthetho Wokuvota Kwamalungelo Abantu kusukela ngo-1982. Kunabavoti ababhalisiwe abangu-126,000 lapho i-51% yabo ingeyaseLatino futhi kulaba, i-30,000 ibhekwa njengabavoti abasanda kufika, umkhiqizo womzabalazo omelene noMbusi weRiphabhulikhi uPete Wilson kanye neSiphakamiso 187, futhi ku-75% le mindeni, iSpanishi siwulimi lokuqala. Lesi sifunda sinabavoti abangu-15 kuya ku-18% abangabokudabuka eShayina, Vietnamese kanye nezinye izizwe zase-Asia kanye nabanye abamhlophe nezinye izinhlanga.
Amabhulokhi ezepolitiki ahlukaniswa ngemuva kuka-Cedillo no-Chou, amakhandidethi amabili ayinhloko, futhi ekuqaleni komncintiswano, ngakolunye uhlangothi wawungezwa futhi uhlukanise ipolitiki ye-machiavelian yokuhlukanisa futhi unqobe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhala ngokumelene nepolitiki yemishini eyahlanganisa umkhakha we-Latino block block kanye nomkhakha oqhubekayo kanye/noma ozimele we-Latino Establishment kanye nabalingani.
UCedillo ubenohlu olukhulu lokugunyazwa kosopolitiki baseLatino basekhaya, bezifundazwe nabakazwelonke abahlanganisa i-LA County Supervisor uMolina, uSheriff Lee Baca, isabelo esikhulu kunazo zonke sokugunyazwa kwengqungquthela okuholwa yi-House Democrat u-Xavier Becerra, uSihlalo weCaucus yaseSpain uNydia Velazquez kanye iMaxine Waters enesibindi futhi ethuthukayo. Ezingeni loMbuso, phakathi kokunye, kwakukhona uSenator Ron Calderon, umholi weSenate Majority yaseLatina kanye nomlweli wabesifazane uGloria Romero, ehola iqembu elibanzi labaholi besifazane abakhethwe ngokweseka uCedillo. Kusukela kwezabasebenzi, ukuhlukana okukhulu kwe-LA County Federation of Labor kufike nokugunyazwa okunamandla kwe-SEIU lapho u-Bigoton Mike Garcia ehola icala lesishoshovu u-Janitor kanye ne-Home Care Worker yendawo e-California. Bekukhona nabakade bemele izwe kodwa abasanamandla oRichard Polanco noRichard Alatorre.
KuJudy Chou, ngaphandle koxhaso lwezimali zedolobhana elincane lendawo kanye nezimali ezivela ezweni lonke, okuwukuphela kwabadlali ababalulekile kwakuyi-County Federation of Labor, ngaphandle kwamasosha abelwe, iMeya ye-simpatico LA u-Antonio Villaraigosa kanye nosaziwayo, ngemuva komhlangano. izigcawu ezisekela u-Hilda Solis. Kulesi sikhathi, umbuzo omkhulu uza phambili: Isifunda 32 sesiyi-Latino congressional enclave iminyaka futhi sikhula, pho kungani u-Maria Elena Durazo kanye noVillaraigosa bagunyaza u-Chou? Ikakhulukazi noCedillo obambe isandla esiphezulu sokuziphatha nomlando. Eminyakeni emithathu edlule, u-Judy njengelungu leKomidi Lokwabiwa Komhlangano wabamba uMthethosivivinywa Welayisense futhi nakuba ayekade eyilungu lesobunxele, akalona ibhola lomlilo. Impendulo ilele emlandweni wezinhlelo zomuntu siqu kanye nepolitiki yomuntu siqu. Okokuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu indlalifa efanelekile ka-Hilda Solis kwakunguSenator Romero, isifunda sakhe simele ama-95%, kodwa ukungqubuzana komuntu siqu okuhlala isikhathi eside ku-LA Labor Chief uMaria Elena Durazo, kubangele uSenator ukuthi agweme le nkinga futhi ahlehle, ebiza isikhathi sakhe. . Khona-ke, omunye umbango womkhaya uyaqubuka phakathi kwemeya noCedillo, kodwa lo wabamba inkunzi ngezimpondo. Akazange esabe futhi akukhona kuphela ukugunyazwa kwe-Cedillo* kuka-Ken Hahn* ngokumelene no-Antonio, kuhilela umehluko omkhulu wesikhathi eside nongokomfanekiso onjengokugunyazwa kukaGrey Davis kumbusi*. UGilbert wabe esevuma futhi wakhankasela onqobile futhi abasebenzi basekela uDavis ngenkathi u-Antonio ekhetha uMillionaire Checci. Lokhu kulandelwa umthethosivivinywa welayisense ongapheli wabashayeli baseCalifornia abangenazo izincwadi* kanye nokumiswa kokudonsa izimoto e-LA okugunyazwe yiNhloko uBratton futhi imeya yabe isivala ivoti*. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bese kuba nemibhikisho emikhulu ka-2006, lapho u-Cedillo no-Romero bamasha futhi basiza, beboleka ukuba semthethweni kwezombusazwe emizamweni yomlando yokuvikela abokufika, abantu bakithi. Futhi lokhu kungqubuzana, kanye noSomlomo WoMkhandlu ngaleso sikhathi u-Fabian Nunez, ngokungananazi bahola ekuvalweni kwe-State Capitol besekela "i-Great American Boycott-A Day Without an Immigrant", okwamangaza ukuthi imeya kanye ne-County FED. umqondisi wamelana ngokufutheka futhi wagxeka. Kuyamangaza ngoba bobahlanu baqale bafunda enhlanganweni yamalungelo abokufika, hhayi i-UFW.
Ngokuvumelana noJudy, umlando wemeya ubalulekile. Sekungokwesithathu eshiya izifunda nezikhundla zaseLatino, nakuba uJackie Goldberg ayeyingwe*. Pho kungani kulesi sikhathi? U-Lore uthi iminikelo yokukhankasela umjaho wakhe wobubusi ozayo. Ngokusobala ukholelwa ukuthi uzoba nevoti leLatino ephaketheni lakhe futhi njengoba u-Chou engumxhasi omkhulu wezimali, u-Antonio uzokwazi ukufinyelela emphakathini omkhulu wesizwe wase-China wase-Asia, eCalifornia ongaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-4.5. Wenza okufanayo nomphakathi wamaJuda onamandla, njengoba amabutho ahlomile akwa-Israel ayebulala ngokumangalisayo amaPalestine angenakuzivikela, wavumela ngokungenanhlonipho uhulumeni wakwa-Israel. Ubulala izinyoni eziningana ngetshe elifanayo. Khona-ke ukuma kwakudala ngeqhinga, nomfundi we-Ivy League nosanda kufika u-Emanuel Pleitez wase-El Sereno, owagijima njengendodana eyintandokazi. Kusukela eqala ukuqokwa kwakhe, umnyakazo wawusobala futhi amahlebezi en un secreto a voces ahlebela phezulu. Ukuqokwa kwakhe bekusolwa, edlala indima yomphangi, ehlukanisa ivoti leLatino. Leli qhinga lokubhanga umuntu ozongenela ukhetho njengeqembu lidala njengepolitiki yonxiwankulu kanti eyeLatino yahlatshwa usopolitiki owaziwa kakhulu waseLatino ezweni.
Kulolu khetho, silahlekelwe isisebenzi sikahulumeni esihle. U-Cedillo ungumuntu othuthukayo futhi siwubonile futhi sawuphila umkhondo wakhe kusukela ezinsukwini zakhe njengomholi wabafundi e-UCLA nasesikoleni sezomthetho. Udabula eMexico, Central kanye naseLatin America. Njengomholi wamalungelo abokufika kanye nelungu le-CASA*. Wabe eseqala uhambo lwakhe lokuya phezulu njengomhleli wezinyunyana futhi waba umholi onamandla kunabo bonke owake waba naye i-LA's Conty Workers SEIU 660 -manje eyi-721. Ngaleso sikhathi, ubuholi bakhe babonakaliswa ngokuzimisela ekulweni nesiphakamiso 187* kanye nokuhola kwakhe ithimba lezinyunyana ezingu-20,000 ngoMashi oyingqopha-mlando ka-Okthoba 16, 1994*. Ukukhethwa kwakhe njengoMmeli Wezifundazwe kanye neSenator akusona nje isibonelo sokuvikela abokufika ezikweletini zamalayisense kanye ne-Dream Act, kodwa futhi waphasisa futhi wathola izikweletu ezingama-80 ezisayinwe zaba umthetho ngesikhathi sokubusa kwakhe njengesishayamthetho, okwamenza waba ngusihlalo we iSenate Latino Caucus. Njengomholi okhethiwe, ubelokhu engumcabango ozimele kanye nomdlali weqembu, njalo emele izithakazelo zabo bonke abantu abasebenzayo, izinyunyana, abaphakathi, abangaphansi. Okokugcina, wayeyizwi elihamba phambili futhi ebeka engcupheni ngokumelene nophiko lwesokudla lokuphatha i-Republican Bush - lokhu ngenkathi kwakungadumile kakhulu- futhi futhi, ngokubambisana noSenator Gloria Romero kanye noCongressman Xavier Becerra, bakhankasela kanzima ukushintsha izwe elifunwa ngo-2008 kanye nokukhethwa kukaBarack Obama.
"UMongameli uBarack Obama uthe ngeke abhekane nezinguquko eziphelele zokufika kwabantu kwamanye amazwe kulo nyaka". UJulie Mason Examiner White House Intatheli 05/09/09.
Abaphathi baka-Obama babize amaSenator namalungu eCongress emhlanganweni e-White House ngoJuni 8, 2009 ukuze baqale izingxoxo mayelana nezinguquko ezilindile zokuthuthela kwamanye amazwe. La Umbono 05/20/09.
Ukunqoba kwe-Cedillo bekungaba inzuzo kubaholi bamalungelo abokufika nezinhlangano kuzwelonke. Kuyisithiyo ngoba uhlobo lwakhe lobuholi ngabe lunikeze iLos Angeles ukufinyelela eduze kwentuthuko eWashington. Ikakhulukazi manje njengoba imilayezo exubile iphuma eWashington. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubikwe ukuthi uMongameli u-Obama, ngeshwa, uselukhiphile uguquko lwezokufika kuleli ohlwini olubalulekile kulo nyaka kanti ngakolunye, umhlangano ozoba seWashington uhlelelwe umhla ziyisi-8 kuNhlangulana ukuze kuqale izingxoxo mayelana nezinguquko eziphelele zokufika kwabokufika. Yebo, ngazo zonke izinkomba, emzabalazweni wokugcina wezinguquko eziqhubekayo zokuthuthela kwelinye izwe, ukwenziwa ngokusemthethweni kosizo lwabantu, ukumisa okusemthethweni ekugaseleni okunedumela elibi kwe-ICE kanye nokwehlukaniswa kwemindeni yethu, ubengaba umngane omuhle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kukhona impilo ngemuva kokugunyazwa kwezinguquko zokufika futhi uma uCedillo nabantu befuna kubi ngokwanele, njengakudala ngemuva kwezinye izithiyo, kuzoba nokubuya. Sekuyiminyaka emibili kuphela kusukela manje futhi ifomula iwukugcina nokwandisa isisekelo esifundeni.
Akugcini lapho, njengoba iLatino progressive ifundile, kanjalo nabo bonke abathuthukayo endaweni ye-LA, ukuthi imeya yethu eyake yaba nomusa, okwathi ezama ukuzuza ubumeya bedolobha ehlulwe nguKen Hahn, wabe esekhosela umbutho, wakhuluma kuyo yonke imibuthano yokulwa nempi, amamashi neminye imibuthano emikhulu, wabe esethola ukunqoba kwakhe kwesibili, kwathi ngemuva kwalokho, nawo wonke ama-progressive avala amarenki esekela indoda eyayithanda i-LA, wakhethwa futhi wenza umlando njengeMeya yokuqala yaseLatino. yaseLos Angeles. Kodwa kwezombusazwe zangempela, njengemeya, akakaze amele abaqhubekela phambili, futhi akakaze akhulumele izindaba ezisondele kwesokunxele. Eqinisweni, kusukela ngesikhathi ethatha izintambo zomuzi, wabeka ukuphika kwakhe ekushiyeni izimfuno eziqondile, ekhomba ukuthi "wakhethwa ukuba amele bonke abantu base-LA", ngaphandle kwalokho, kwesokunxele kanye nabathuthukayo, owakholwa ngamaxuku wamkhankasela. Ngakho-ke umzabalazo uyaqhubeka nokubuyisela imiphumela elimazayo yomnotho, imisebenzi kanye nokudlulwa kwalesi sifunda kanye nesizwe, kuphele ukungenelela kwe-US kanye nezimpi zokuhlala, ukuhlukunyezwa okunedumela okusetshenziswa amabutho ase-US eziboshweni zempi, efuna ukunakekelwa kwezempilo emhlabeni wonke. izinguquko, nokunye. Khona-ke umjaho wombusi waseCalifornia ususeduze.
U-Javier Rodriguez, i-Media-Political Strategist, futhi uyintatheli ethuthukayo futhi iminyaka ishicilelwe ku-LA Times, La Opinion, Eastern Group Publications, Uno Mas Uno-Mexico, yahlanganiswa kuzwelonke ne-Hispanic Link, futhi muva nje ishicilelwe ku-ZNET.org , Newtorkaztlan.com kanye ne-STN's Portaluno.com. Manje ubhala ulwazi lwakhe kanye nombono wakhe njengesishoshovu esiholayo enhlanganweni yamalungelo abokufika, okuhlanganisa ukwenziwa kwamhla zingama-25 kuNdasa wezi-2006. I-imeyili [i-imeyili ivikelwe]
*U-Judy Chou, owake waba yi-California State Assemblywoman, naye wakhuliswa e-California washiya imibuthano okusolakala ukuthi wenza ne-October League kanye ne-CWP.
* ngo-2002, uKen Hahn wehlula i-Villariagosa emdlalweni wokuqala kwemibili yeMeya yase-LA. Kulowo mjaho, uSenator uGil Cedillo ugunyaze uHahn. Ngokulandelayo, u-Antonio wakhethwa futhi wenza umlando wokumelwa kweLatino okwamenza waba umuntu owaziwa kakhulu waseLatino e-US.
*Isu lokudonsa izimoto seliphenduke iqhinga eliphazamisayo nelikhohlakele futhi liyingxenye yezikhali ezilwa nabokufika emadolobheni amaningi ezweni lonke. Umphakathi waseLatino ulahlekelwe izinkulungwane zezimoto kanye namakhulu ezigidi zamanani nezimali ezisetshenziswe ekuthathweni okungabazekayo nezindleko zokudonsa.
*Imithethosivivinywa Yelayisense YaseCalifornia ibe yisisekelo sokubusa kukaSenator Gil Cedillo esishayamthetho saseCalifornia osethule irekhodi izikhathi eziyi-11 ukuze avumele abashayeli abangenazo izincwadi ezidingekayo ukuze bashayele ngokusemthethweni eCalifornia. Yagunyazwa futhi yasayinwa kanye yaba ngumthetho ngo-2002 yilowo owayenguMbusi uGrey Davis, nokho yahoxiswa ngemva kwezinyanga u-Davis ebuyiselwe emuva futhi kwakhethwa u-Arnold Schwarzenegger waseRepublican.
*Idumela le-Villaraigosa lokushiya i-Latinos lapho izihlalo zomthetho kufanele zigcwaliswe, lisukela ekungeneni kwakhe esikhundleni sokuba yindoda yomhlangano wesifunda nalapho eshiya isikhundla njengosomlomo womhlangano waseCalifornia. Kuzona zombili lezi zigameko ugcobe izishayamthetho ezimbili ezimhlophe kanti lokhu kwenziwa naphezu kokuthi uqokwe njengelungu lesishayamthetho saseLatino ukuthi amele iLatinos.
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