NgoMashi odlule, njengoba izindaba zokuphakelwa kwamanzi anoshevu womthofu eFlint, eMichigan zaba sematheni kuzwelonke, uChristopher Cerf, unsumpa osanda kuqokwa wesifunda sesikole saseNewark, eNew Jersey, wayala ompompi ezikoleni zaseNewark ezihlolelwe ukuba khona komthofu, i-neurotoxin. lokho kungabangela ukukhubazeka kokufunda kanye nezinkinga zokuziphatha ezinganeni. Kuthe uma sekungena imiphumela, uCerf uyalele ukuthi kuvalwe amanzi ezikoleni ezingu-30 kwezingu-67 zesifunda sakhe. Ukuhlola ezweni lonke kutholwe ukuthi amanzi ezakhiweni zezikole ezingu-88 ezifundeni ezingu-30 aqukethe amazinga omthofu oweqa umkhawulo wezingxenye ezingu-15-bhiliyoni ngayinye obekwe yi-federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). I-American Society of Pediatrics ayibheki inani lomthofu eliphephile ezinganeni.
Ukulungisa ukungcola eNewark kuphela kuzodinga "izigidigidi zamaRandi zokulungiswa kwengqalasizinda futhi lokho kuzothatha amashumi eminyaka," kusho uDavid Pringle, uchwepheshe wezempilo yomphakathi onesahluko saseNew Jersey seClean Water Action, utshele. I-Indypendent. “Awukho umthombo obalulekile wokuthola imali ohlonziwe ngalokho futhi angilindele nhlobo ukuthi [uGov. UChris Christie] uzokwenza noma yini.”
Amanzi anomthofu awagcini nje eNew Jersey noma e-Flint. A 2016 USA Today uphenyo lwathola ukuthi kusukela ngo-2012, izinhlelo zamanzi ezisebenzela abantu baseMelika abayizigidi ezingu-6 zaziqukethe amazinga omthofu ngaphezu kwezinga lokuphepha le-EPA. “Amazinga omthofu amaningi okubikiwe atholakala ezikoleni nasezinkulisa,” kubika leli phephandaba. “Isampula lamanzi esikoleni samabanga aphansi eMaine laliphakeme ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-42 kunomkhawulo we-EPA ka-15 [ppb], kuyilapho isikole sasenkulisa sasePennsylvania sasiphakeme ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-14, amarekhodi abonisa. Esikoleni samabanga aphansi e-Ithaca, [eNew York], isampula elilodwa lihlolwe kulo nyaka ngenani elimangalisayo le-5,000 ppb lomthofu, umkhawulo we-EPA 'wokungcola okuyingozi.'
Akumangazi-ke ukuthi ngoMashi, i-American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) inikeze amanzi okuphuza ezwe ibanga lika-D ngo-2017 wayo. ikhadi lombiko wengqalasizinda. Eqinisweni, cishe wonke amabanga ekhadini lombiko le-ASCE angaqinisekisa ukuthi uMama uzogilwa yizimbongolo. Amadamu: D. Levees: D. Izindiza, imigwaqo, imizila yamanzi ephakathi nezwe: D, D kanye noD. Amanzi angcolile: D+.
Kusobala ukuthi maningi amathuba okuba ngcono, kodwa amanye amaphrojekthi wengqalasizinda abukekayo kunamanye. Ibhuloho elikhulu, elihle, ngokwesibonelo, lizokwenza ithuba lesithombe elihehayo kumongameli othile okhulile ka-Richie Rich ojwayele ukuqopha igama lakhe kuma-skylines. Ingilazi yamanzi kampompi ahlanzekile, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenkathi mhlawumbe incane ngokwanele ukwenza ukuthi izandla zikamongameli zibukeke kakhulu, ayimangazi kangako. Ngaphandle kwalokho, laphaya e-Mar-a-Lago, bangakwazi ukuthenga amabhodlela angama-karat angama-24 e-Acqua di Cristallo.
Elandela isethembiso somkhankaso, uDonald Trump utshele iCongress ngoFebhuwari 28 ukuthi uhlela ukuthumela abenzi bomthetho umthethosivivinywa wengqalasizinda ongu-$1 trillion - ingxenye yalokho i-ASCE ekulindele ukuthi izobiza ukulungisa nokwenza konke kube okwakamuva kusukela kumabhuloho ethu amakhulu, ahehayo kuya ezinhlelweni zethu zamanzi. . Kodwa, heyi, kuyisiqalo. Eminye imicimbi yakamuva iphinde yagqamisa isidingo sokuthuthukiswa kwekhaya kazwelonke, ikakhulukazi ukopha eduze kwedamu lase-Oroville eNyakatho California ngoFebhuwari. Unobhala wezindaba kaTrump kanye noshill Sean Spicer babize usongo lwase-Oroville “njengesibonelo sencwadi yokufunda” yesidingo sokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda.
Ukutshalwa kwezimali okungu-$1 trillion kungasiza ekuphumeleliseni izinkulumo zikaTrump eziphindelelayo zokuthi uzoba “umkhiqizi wemisebenzi omkhulu kunabo bonke abake badalwa nguNkulunkulu.” Kodwa nakhu lapho uTrump ebeka khona abantu abaningi (ingasaphathwa eyokugasela emabhokisini omphakathi awasungula njengengcweti yezindlu) ehlangabezana nesifiso esiqhubekayo samaRiphabhulikhi sokuqothula abampofu.
Okokuqala, kukhona indaba yokuqhamuka nezigidigidi zamadola. I-White House ifuna ukukhulisa isabelomali sePentagon ngamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-54, ngezindleko zayo yonke eminye iminyango kahulumeni. Lesi siphakamiso, esibhalwe ngumqondisi wesabelomali eWhite House uMick Mulvaney - othi uhlunge izithombe zezinkulumo zomkhankaso kaTrump ukuze athole isiqondiso kunokuxoxisana nomengameli ngqo - sekufakazele ukuthi sinokhahlo kakhulu kumalungu eqembu likaTrump.
Amakhomishana okuthuthukiswa komnotho aqondisa izigidi zamarandi e-Appalachia, Midwest kanye naseNingizimu asesigabeni sokuqeda, njengoba kunjalo ngezibonelelo ezivela eMnyangweni wezeZindlu nokuThuthukiswa kwamaDolobha kanye nohlelo lokuqeqeshwa kwemisebenzi engu-$3.4 billion oluphethwe uMnyango Wezabasebenzi— konke lokhu. , kuvele ukuthi bayathandeka ezinhliziyweni zababusi bezifundazwe ezibomvu abathembele kuhulumeni. Abanye babo bakhononda kakhulu. Ngokusho kwe New York Times, umyalezo abawutholile uvela e-White House kuze kube manje uthi “Sizobuyela kuwe ngalokho.”
"Banqamula zonke izinhlobo zemiklamo yengqalasizinda kanye namaphrojekthi okuthuthukiswa komnotho ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho umongameli esakhuluma ngokuthi ingakanani imali azoyifaka kungqalasizinda," kuphawula uKim Rueben weSikhungo Senqubomgomo Yentela esingahlanganyeli.
Pho izophumaphi imali yengqalasizinda? Impendulo ithi: Akukho ndawo. Uhlelo lukaTrump, njengoba lukhona, luncike ngokuphelele emalini yentela ezinkampanini ezizimele.
“Lolu hlelo lunikeza isikweletu sentela kubatshalizimali abazimele esikhava amaphesenti angama-82 ezindleko zabo zokutshala izimali ezilinganayo,” i-Centre on Budget and Policy Priorities (CBPP) kuphawulwe ekuhlaziyeni uhlelo lwengqalasizinda umkhankaso kaTrump okhishwe ngo-Okthoba, owakamuva kakhulu kuze kube manje. "Abatshalizimali bazokhokha amaphesenti angu-18 asele kodwa bazothola yonke inzuzo, babe ngabanikazi ngasese futhi baqhube amaphrojekthi futhi bakhokhise umphakathi ukuthi uwasebenzise."
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba umbiko we-CBPP ugqamisa, alikho igunya ohlelweni lukaTrump lokuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhefu lentela empeleni lizoya engqalasizinda entsha, esikhundleni sokuxhasa amaphrojekthi abesevele esebenza noma abekade enziwe. Futhi azikho izimiso eziqondisa intuthuko emiphakathini eyidinga kakhulu, noma kumaphrojekthi adingeka kakhulu njengokuncishiswa komthofu eNew Jersey angeke alethe imbuyiselo ephezulu ekutshalweni kwezimali.
"Lolu hlelo," kusho, "alinayo indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi amaphrojekthi engqalasizinda agelezela emiphakathini kakade engakasizwa utshalomali lwengqalasizinda - emadolobheni alahlekelwe abaqashi abakhulu, imiphakathi yasemakhaya entula ukufinyelela okulula kwezinsiza, kanye nemiphakathi ehola kancane entula. izidingo eziyisisekelo ezifana namanzi ahlanzekile. Esikhundleni salokho, ukutshalwa kwezimali okungenzeka ukuthi kuzogeleza kakhulu emiphakathini enemali engenayo ephezulu, ethuthuke kakhulu lapho abatshalizimali beqinisekiswa kakhulu ngemithombo engenayo eqhubekayo. "
Ngamafuphi, lolu hlelo luwumnikelo omkhulu kwabacebile abafihlwe njengohlelo lwemisebenzi. "Kufana kakhulu nohlelo lwamalayisensi, lapho uhulumeni ezozama ukugqugquzela izinkampani ukuthi zakhe ingqalasizinda yangasese, kushaywe uphawu olucwebezelayo lukaTrump ohlangothini," njengoba uPat Garofalo ekubeka. US Izindaba World Report.
Inkinga ejulile ngezinhlelo zikaTrump zengqalasizinda, ngokusho kukaGerald Epstein, isazi sezomnotho esikhululekile eNyuvesi yaseMassachusetts, ukuthi kuyindlela yokwakha phezu kokwakheka komphakathi kwe-proto-fascist okumelelwa nguTrump. U-Epstein uyibiza ngokuthi “i-Schacht therapy,” ngemuva kuka-Hjalmar Schacht, ungqongqoshe wezomnotho ka-Adolf Hitler kusukela ngo-1934 kuya ku-1937.
I-Schacht therapy "iqoqo lezinqubomgomo zezomnotho ezingase ziphumele ekwandeni komnotho wesikhashana nokudalwa kwamathuba emisebenzi," u-Epstein. ubhale muva nje, “kodwa ziklanyelwe ukuqinisa amandla ezinqubomgomo zengcindezelo, ezigunyazayo, ezicwasa ngokobulili, ezizonda abantu bobulili obufanayo, ezimelene nesobunxele, kanye nezobuzwe/ezempi. . . Kuhlanganisa ingcindezelo nobushiqela kanye nokukhuthazwa kwalezo zintshisekelo zebhizinisi ezisebenzisana nesistimu yamandla.”
Uhlelo lukaTrump lwengqalasizinda, "luzokhokha imvuthuluka kubasebenzi abathile," kusho u-Epstein I-Indy, ikakhulukazi labo abasebenza ekwakheni. Kepha "inhloso enkulu kaTrump ukubenza basekele izinhloso zakhe zezepolitiki - ukuxosha abokufika, bahlukanise inkolo eyodwa kwenye, bandise amasosha kanye nokwanda kwezempi."
“Nginesiqiniseko sokuthi uzophoxeka mayelana nalokhu azokwethula, mayelana nezinzuzo zangempela zezomnotho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi,” kusho u-Epstein. “Kungase kunyuke isikhashana ukukhula komnotho okubukeka sengathi kuyasebenza uma engaba nalolu hlelo olukhulu lwamasosha, lolu hlelo olukhulu lokunciphisa intela. Kuzobonakala kwabanye abantu, okuhlanganisa nesisekelo sakhe, ukuthi mhlawumbe konke lokhu kusebenza kahle. Kodwa konke kuzokwehla, ngoba akusekelwe ekubhekaneni nezidingo zangempela zomnotho wase-US noma isisekelo sakhe. Izoletha izindodla zengcebo kubangani bakhe.”
E-New Jersey, uHulumeni uChris Christie, ongumngane oqinile kaTrump, ekuqaleni wayibukela phansi inkinga yombuso wamanzi okuphuza, kodwa wavumela ingcindezi yomphakathi wanikela ngamaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-20 ukulungisa. Le mali izovuselela isikhwama sokunciphisa umzimba esasungulwa ukuze sibhekane nokungcoliswa komthofu kupende, leso umbusi aseke wasihlasela eminyakeni edlule.
Kunenqwaba yezixazululo ezingabhekana nokungcoliswa, ngokusho kukaDavid Pringle we-Clean Water Action: ukufaka izihlungi kumapayipi (futhi, njengoba uNewark ehlulekile ukuwenza, ukuwagcina) noma ukwengeza izincibilikisi zamakhemikhali emanzini ukuze kuhlanjululwe umthofu. Nokho kunesixazululo esisodwa kuphela sesikhathi eside: Ukukhipha umthombo wokungcola ngokufaka amapayipi amadala esikhundleni.
“Asikho isizathu sokucabanga ukuthi iNewark izoqhamuka nemali yodwa ukuze ixhase lokhu,” kusho uPringle.
Abanye abantu baseRiphabhlikhi bazama ukubhala phezu kokushoda kwezimali zangempela zengqalasizinda kwisabelomali sikaTrump ngokushintsha umfutho wabo wengqondo ukuqeda imithetho kahulumeni phezulu.
"Ngeke kube yi- $ 1 trillion ephuma eWashington, DC," uRep. Bill Shuster (R-Pa.), ongusihlalo weKomidi Lezokuthutha Nengqalasizinda Yendlu, utshele i Associated Press ngo-Mar.
U-Rep. Shuster ubalule amapayipi oMthethosisekelo kanye ne-Atlantic Sunrise, lawo, ngokulandelana, azothwala igesi yemvelo ephukile esifundeni sase-Pennsylvania e-Marcellus Shale ayiyise eNew York State kanye nasetheminali entsha yokuthumela ngaphandle e-Cove Point eMaryland. Zombili zibambezelekile ngenxa yezingqinamba zokuthola izimvume zamanzi kubalawuli bezemvelo kanye ne-Army Corps of Engineers.
"Uma i-Corps isayina, futhi sivumela abanye abantu abambalwa, sikhuluma ngamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezine ePennsylvania kanye nezinye izifundazwe ezimbalwa ezingenziwa," esho.
URobert Bea, uprofesa ophuma emsebenzini wobunjiniyela bomphakathi eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia eBerkeley, owayeyisikhulu sakwaShell Oil futhi ongomunye wochwepheshe abahamba phambili emhlabeni ekulawuleni ubungozi benhlekelele, ukhathazekile ngokuthi isabelomali esihlongozwayo sikaTrump sifiphele ngokuyingozi uma kukhulunywa ngokuqapha ingqalasizinda yaseMelika. ngokumelene nezingozi zemvelo zesikhathi esizayo. Akuyona nje i-EPA esesigabeni sokugawula. Isabelomali sizophinde siqede iBhodi Lokuphepha Kwamakhemikhali LaseMelika, sibeke imiqansa ku-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration futhi singabeki lutho ku-National Science Foundation.
"Uzisula ngempumelelo izindlela ezithuthukile esinazo zokunquma ukuthi yini okufanele ishintshwe ukuze kuphephe umphakathi," kusho uBea. I-Indy. Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu “kufanele kungenelele ngqo” kukho konke ukutshalwa kwezimali kwengqalasizinda. “Uma wakha izinhlelo zengqalasizinda ezigcina zicekele phansi noma zicekele phansi imvelo, unenkinga enkulu.”
Uqhathanisa uTrump noLord John Brown, owagijima i-BP ngaphambi kwenhlekelele ye-Deepwater Horizon ka-2010. Ephuphuthekiswe ugqozi lwakhe lokukhulisa inzuzo, uBrown wehluleka ukulalela izikhalo eziphakanyiswe uBea nozakwabo mayelana nokuphepha kwenkampani yokumba uwoyela ogwini lolwandle eGulf of Mexico eminyakeni eyaholela ekuqhunyisweni kwe-Deepwater Horizon okwabulala abasebenzi abangu-11 kanye nokuphepha. wakhipha amakhulu ezigidi zamalitha kawoyela ongahluziwe wawafaka olwandle . “Ngambuka ngathi, ‘Uyaganga,” kusho uBea, ekhumbula umhlangano ngo-2000 nesikhulu seBP.
Ububanzi obugcwele bokukhohlisa kwengqalasizinda kaTrump kungenzeka bungazwakali ngokuphelele kuze kube isikhathi eside uTrump ethatha umhlalaphansi, engasenakukwazi ukuzibamba futhi ephakelwa ukudla kwakhe ngunesi onesifuba esikhulu. Umthelela wokufudumala kwembulunga okubangelwa abantu usuvele uphezu kwethu, kodwa izikhukhula, isomiso kanye neziphepho ezinkulu zizoba namandla emashumini eminyaka azayo. Okuxakayo ukuthi ukubhekana nale nkinga manje ngokutshalwa kwezimali kukahulumeni ngqo kungaba yimpumelelo kakhulu kunokuphonsa intela ezinkampanini ezizimele ngethemba lokugqugquzela isiphithiphithi sokwakha.
"Kube nezifundo eziningi ezikhombisa ukuthi akukho ukuhwebelana phakathi kokukhiqiza imisebenzi nokulwa nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu," kusho uGerald Epstein we-UMass. “Indlela engcono kakhulu yokukhiqiza amathuba emisebenzi wukutshala kugesi ovuselelekayo. Ingakhiqiza izigidi zemisebenzi. Uma singakwenzi lokho, sibeka engcupheni yokuziphilisa. Sikubonile lokho eDolobheni laseNew York ngeSiphepho uSandy, ukungasho lutho ngokuzokwenzeka kwamanye amadolobha amakhulu nemiphakathi emhlabeni wonke. Indlela yangempela yokwenza umnotho wase-US uphinde uthuthuke wukuba nohlelo olukhulu lokutshala imali lwamandla avuselelekayo. "
Ngaleso sikhathi, abazali nezingane zabo eNewark nangaphesheya kweNew Jersey bazozinza ukuze bathole ingilazi yamanzi ahlanzekile.
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