Naphezu "kokuvinjelwa" kocansi olungekho emthethweni oludlangile, iCambodia iseyinhloko-dolobha yomhlaba ye-pedophilia.
Lapho eneminyaka engu-12, u-Pov uyayazi indawo yocansi yendawo engasemfuleni e-Phnom Penh njengesifebe esingumakadebona. AmaFulentshi amane aneminyaka ephakathi phambi kwethu? โBathanda amantombazane,โ echaza, egigitheka. "Amantombazane amancane." Owesifazane oshiswe yilanga futhi oshwabene eqhele ngamayadi ambalwa? Uzoqashisa indodakazi yakhe ngentengo ye-hamburger. Uma ngingathandi abafana angalanda amantombazane. Uma kungenjalo, esikhundleni sokuthola okuncane okuphakathi kwesikhwama sami semali, u-Pov nabangane bakhe abathathu abangazifaki zicathulo, abangani abadla izambane likapondo bazongiyisa ehhotela eliphephile futhi ngilale ubusuku bonke. "Besiyokwenzani lapho?" Ngiyacela. โKuze kuwe,โ usho kanje.
Njengoba ilanga lishona phezu kweMekong, iSisowath Quay enhloko-dolobha yaseCambodia eklinywayo ingumfula ohamba kancane wokuhamba kwabantu. Imibhangqwana emisha ibambene ngezandla, izivakashi zibuka ukushona kwelanga okuhle kakhulu e-Asia futhi izingane ezinjengoPov zihweba, zingena kulokho ezikubiza ngokuthi "abafana-besifazane" bangaphandle, noma izitabane. Esixukwini sabantu ikakhulukazi abanebala elinsundu, amadoda amhlophe agqama njengezimpukane ekhekheni. Abanye babodwa, begqoke izigqoko namajakhethi lapho kubanda ukushisa kwakusihlwa, bezihambela noma behlezi odongeni lomfula, bebuka isixuku. AmaFulentshi amile exoxa futhi ebhema, eveza ukuzola okulula kwezakhamuzi zesikhathi eside.
"Amantombazane?" Kusho enye yalamadoda ekhuluma isingisi esigqame kakhulu, ithumbu linqunu liqhume okhalweni lwebhulukwe elikhakhi. "Maningi kakhulu amantombazane lapha; asemancane ngendlela othanda ngayo, kaningi ngokuthanda kwakho." Indoda enezwi lase-Liverpool ibiza i-Cambodia ngokuthi "isitolo esimnandi" ngaphambi kokuba isolise futhi ihambe ngokushesha. Lokhu akukona ukuziqhayisa okuyize. Nikeza noma yimuphi umshayeli wetekisi wedolobha imizuzu emihlanu futhi uzothola indawo yezifebe lapho amantombazane aneminyaka engu-12 ubudala edayisa ngo-US$20-$40. Ngama-$500-1,000 kanye nesikhathi esengeziwe, bazothola intombi, umfana noma intombazane. Abakhankasi bathi izingane ezineminyaka emithathu ubudala zisashushumbiswa futhi ziqashiswa kulo lonke izwe, ikakhulukazi emadodeni ase-Asia kodwa nakubavakashi bangaphandle abathutheleka kweminye yemingcele evuleke kakhulu emhlabeni.
โNgiyazi ngendawo yokudayisa enamantombazane angu-100 angaphansi kweminyaka engaphansi kwezikhulu eziphezulu zamaphoyisa namasosha,โ kusho esinye isisebenzi esizimele esicele ukuthi igama lakhe ligodlwe. "Kunezindawo zokuqwayiza kwezinye izingxenye zezwe lapho amakhasimende elethwa ngamabhasi."
Izindaba ezinjalo kufanele kube ezesikhathi esedlule. Ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi lapho iCambodia yathola khona idumela layo njengendawo yokukhosela izingane, abakhankasi abamelene nokushushumbiswa basanda kuqala ukuphumela obala. Inqwaba yamadoda angaphandle aboshwe noma abuyiselwe ezinkantolo zase-Europe nase-US, iningi labo lisekela lenhloko eqinile yehhovisi lika-Phnom Penh elilwa nokushushumbiswa u-Keo Thea. Ukudingiselwa eVietnam ngo-2002 kwesihlabani se-glam-rock esifiphele, uGary Glitter, owayeqashe indlu enkabeni yedolobha, naye wakhipha isaziso, wathi ngaleso sikhathi uNgqongqoshe Wezindaba Zabesifazane u-Mu Sochua, ukuthi iCambodia ayisavulekele ibhizinisi labahlukumezi bezingane emhlabeni. .
Ngonyaka odlule, izinkantolo zendawo zalahla amadoda amabili adumile kuleli, uKarl Heinz Henning noThomas Baron von Englehardt, ngokudlwengula amantombazane aneminyaka engu-10-14. U-Henning no-Englehardt, umJalimane onesicathulo esinezinwele ezimhloshana ababethi bangowasebukhosini, bakhokha u-US$30 intombazane ngayinye kuma-pimp, ngokuvamile abazali, ngaphambi kokuyisa izingane efulethini lase-Phnom Penh, bezidakamisa ngenjabulo futhi beqopha ngevidiyo amahora amaningi ezikhathi zocansi. Ezinye zezingane zaziboshwe futhi ziboshwe imilomo ngesikhathi amadoda ezihlukumeza imvunulo yamaNazi. Amaphoyisa abizwe ngemuva kokuthi omakhelwane bezwe kukhala isililo.
Kodwa lezi zimpumelelo zakha phezulu kuphela. UNgqongqoshe Wezindaba Zabesifazane eCambodia, u-Mu Sochua, ushiye phansi umsebenzi ngemuva kokuxoshwa kuka-Glitter, wathi inkohlakalo yenza umsebenzi wakhe ungaphumeleli. Eminyakeni emibili edlule, i-US yasabisa ngezijeziso ngemuva kokuthi uMnyango Wezwe uthe iCambodia yehlulekile ukuhlangabezana "nezindinganiso ezincane" zokubhekana nokushushumbiswa kwezingane.
Namuhla, njengoba ezokuvakasha zikhula ngamaphesenti angu-30 ngonyaka futhi amaphoyisa amaningi, amajaji nosopolitiki bethatha isinyathelo, ukuhweba ngobulili okungekho emthethweni kuyadlondlobala. Kule minyaka lapho izingane zaseNtshonalanga zicabanga ukuthi ukuphuza isiphuzo sazo sokuqala esingekho emthethweni kuyigesi, izingane zaseCambodia zihlukunyezwa amadoda ngokuphindwe kathathu noma kane kunobudala bazo. Inhlangano yaseMelika esiza abantulayo iWorld Vision ngonyaka odlule yathi abafana baseCambodia abangamaphesenti angu-15 abababuzayo bake banukubezwa ngokobulili ngaphambi kokuba bahlanganise iminyaka eyishumi ubudala. Cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu kwezilinganiselwa ku-80,000 - 100,000 izifebe eCambodia ziyizingane, ngokusho kwe-NGO Future Group ezinze eCanada. Indawo eseduzane ne-Siem Reap, okuyikhaya lendawo ethandwa kakhulu izivakashi e-Cambodia, i-Angkor Wat, ibhekene "nokuqhuma" kwezindawo zokuqwayiza, kusho uMnu. Brewster.
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwezingane kuyinsakavukela umchilo wesidwaba kangangoba amaphephandaba endawo akusho lutho ngakho. โAmazinga awo okonakala,โ kuchaza indoda yase-Ireland uKevin Doyle, umhleli we-Cambodia Daily. "Ucabanga ukuthi ukubonile konke bese kuvela into entsha. 'Kulungile, i-S&M yezithombe zocansi zamaNazi kanye nezingane ezineminyaka emine; besingakaze sibe nakho lokho ngaphambili,' niyazi?"
Ukuboshwa kuvame ukugqitshwa ngemali. Amadoda akhokhela imindeni yabahlukunyezwayo kanye neziphathimandla ezweni elinohlelo lwezomthetho olungasasebenzi lapho isisebenzi sikahulumeni esivamile sihola cishe ama-US$30 ngenyanga. "Imindeni ijabule ngokuthola imali nokuhoxisa amacala," kusho uSourm Dear, uMqondisi waseCambodian weRapha House, isikhungo sezisulu zokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi, othi inhlangano yakhe kufanele ikhokhele amaphoyisa ukuze ajahe amantombazane alahlekile. Abashushumbisi namapimp, avikelwe amaphoyisa ezempi ngisho nabezombangazwe, baqondisa imikhaya empofu, ephukile, bekhokha amaRandi angu-20 kubantu bendawo ukuze bathole ulwazi ngabangase babe izisulu.
USarom Vath wayeneminyaka engu-15 futhi ehlala nogogo wakhe eduze nomngcele waseThailand lapho ethintwa owesifazane othile owayemthembise ukusebenza njengoweta. Kunalokho lo wesifazane udayise ubuntombi bakhe wamvalela ekamelweni nomthengi ongusomatekisi oneminyaka ephakathi. โKwaba buhlungu kakhulu,โ kukhumbula uSarom. Wadayiselwa indawo yabaqwayizi, wadliswa izidakamizwa futhi ephoqwa ukuba alale namadoda afinyelela kweshumi nambili ngosuku. "Sanikwa amaphilisi nento yokubhema, angikwazanga ukulala futhi ngingenandaba nalutho." Manje u-16, futhi uhlala esikhungweni sezingane ezihlukunyeziwe, uSarom uthukuthele futhi uvukela, kodwa uthi ukukhuluma ngokwenzekile kuyasiza "kukhanyise inhliziyo yami."
Izingane ezinjengoSarom zithola inkambo yokuphahlazeka ngesihluku kwezomnotho wenyama. Kwabaningi - amaphesenti angama-38, ngokombiko ka-2007 we-International Organization for Migration - ukungena ekuhwebeni ngocansi kuza ngokuthengisa ubuntombi babo, ngezinye izikhathi ngemali encane njenge-$ 100. Abanye bakwenza lokho 'ngokuzithandela'; iningi liyathengiswa noma liyakhohliswa. U-Rady Yen, isibonelo, wayeneminyaka engu-15 futhi eyedwa e-Sisowath Quay lapho ethatha isithembiso sokusebenza ukuhlanza amatafula, kodwa wathola ukuthi ubuntombi bakhe bukhishwe endalini kumvakashi waseJapane. Uthi: โNgagula ngangabe ngisawabona amadoda.
Uphunyukile, kodwa inani lemakethe lamantombazane ahlala ekuhwebeni ngocansi liyehla: amadola angamakhulu ambalwa kumuntu ongakafiki eshumini nambili, aze afike ku-$40 kumuntu oneminyaka engu-12 ubudala futhi ngesilinganiso esishelelayo kancane kancane ngemva kwalokho. USarom akazi ukuthi uguqule izandla ngemali engakanani, kodwa ucabanga ukuthi kwakungu-$5-6 ngesikhathi.
Ubumpofu obucindezelayo bubhebhezela uhwebo. Emjondolo obhibhayo wasePhnom Penh owaziwa nje ngokuthi "isakhiwo", lapho izingane ezinqunu zidlala khona ezindaweni zokulahla udoti, zibuka abazali beklebelisa indodakazi yabo enhle eneminyaka engu-13 ubudala, izivakashi ezineminyaka ephakathi zenza umqondo osontekile; uwukuphela kwento yenani abanayo. Le mijondolo iyikhaya labaqwayizi abafana noKanha Th, owadayisa ubuntombi bakhe, oneminyaka engu-14, kowesilisa wangaphandle โoneminyaka ephakathi kuka-40 no-50โ ngama-US$150. Ngaleso sikhathi unina wayegula futhi opha kulandela ukuphuphunyelwa yisisu kanti umakhelwane wesilisa wamdayisa kulo muntu wangaphandle, emncenga ngokuthi umama wakhe uzoshona uma engasebenzi. Indoda yathola u-$50 ngokuthola iklayenti. "Ungikhohlisile." Uthi. Namuhla, u-Kanha ukhulelwe ingane yakhe yesibili kodwa ufihla iqhubu lakhe njengoba esebenza ezindaweni zokucima ukoma zase-Phnom Penh njenge-"Martini" yabantu bangaphandle, njengoba kwenza nomngane wakhe uRous Mach, osebe wumqwayizi unyaka odlule.
Ukungenelela kwamazwe angaphandle, ngazo zonke izindlela, kubambe iqhaza elibalulekile enhlekeleleni yesimanje yezwe. Ukulawulwa kweFrance kwaphela ngo-1954, kodwa maphakathi nawo-1960, izwe langena eVietnam maelstrom. Njengoba impi eholwa yi-US ikhula ngesivinini, ubuholi baseCambodia buncike eChina naseNyakatho yeVietnam.
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1970 emzamweni wokuqeda amasosha aseNyakatho neVietnam endleleni eya eNingizimu, ukhaphethi wase-US waqhumisa ibhomu ingxenye enkulu yezwe ngokungemthetho nangokungakhathali iminyaka emithathu. Lokhu konakala kwezindawo zasemaphandleni kwabeka isisekelo sokudlondlobala kombuso wamaKhmer Rouge, owabangela ukuba iCambodia ibe phansi futhi okungenzeka ukuthi yabangela ukufa kwabantu abangaphezu kwesigidi ngesikhathi ukungenelela kwabantu baseVietnam kuketula umbuso ngo-1979. Emashumini amathathu eminyaka kamuva amahlanu abaholi abaphezulu base-Khmer Rouge basejele babhekene namacala obugebengu obubhekiswe kubantu kanye namacala empi, enkantolo ekhethekile emiswe uhulumeni waseCambodia kanye neNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene. Kodwa izwe ayikalulami esimweni salo esidlule esibuhlungu. โAbantu baseCambodia baye baba ndikindiki ngenxa yomlando wabo,โ kusho uDon Brewster, umMelika owathuthela lapha nomkakhe ngo-2004 ukuze bakhe indawo yokukhosela izingane ezinukubezwe ngokobulili. "Azikho izithiyo; bazokwenza noma yini ngemali futhi baphilele inamuhla."
Ngokumangazayo, uma kubhekwa indlela abanukubezi abaziphatha ngokukhululeka ngayo lapho, iSisowath Quay iyindawo ebukwa kakhulu ezweni. Amaphoyisa omshoshaphansi kanye nama-NGO ahambahamba lapha kanye nokubhidlizwa kwangemva kuka-2002 kuye kwaphusha ukuhweba ngomshoshaphansi. Indawo yezifebe edume kabi yase-Svay Pak, emaphethelweni e-Phnom Penh, ayisadayisi izingane obala emgwaqweni emadodeni anezwi laseBrithani, i-American kanye ne-Irish, nakuba ama-pimp anamaselula asazulazula endaweni.
Kodwa ngaphandle kwenhloko-dolobha, konke kuhamba. E-Poipet, idolobha elichumayo elisemngceleni waseThailand eligqugquzelwa kakhulu ukugembula nobufebe, amatekisi ezithuthuthu ze-tuk-tuk agibela izivakashi ezingamakhulu abantu baseThailand, amaShayina, amaJapane nezinye izivakashi nsuku zonke ezindlini ezidayisa ngomzimba ngasohlangothini lwaseCambodia, lapho kungathengwa khona izingane zanoma yimuphi ubudala. ngedlanzana lamadola noma i-Thai Baht. Abathengisi basemgwaqweni baze bathengise i-Viagra cishe ngo-$14 iphakethe. Ngokusho kukaMnu. Dear, โKwezinye izimo amantombazane ashushumbiswayo abiza kancane kunentengo yenkomo,โ usho kanje.
Ubhekana nemiphumela. E-Rapha House, amantombazane ahlengiwe abuyiselwa esimeni, ayiswa esikoleni afundiswe ukuthunga, ukulungisa izinwele nokutshala imifino. Kumele bavumelane nezigigaba zabo nokuthi kuleli siko bayehliswa ngenxa yokuthi abasezintombi nto. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ngiyisisulu ngoba ngihlala kulesi sikhungo,โ kusho uSorum. "Abantu bayangidabukela. Kuyangidabukisa lokho." Abanye bayavuleka bavele bengenazibazi. Abanye bayavukela, balwe namanye amantombazane, bazisike noma bazame ukuhamba, ngokuvamile babuyela ebumpofu, bese kuba ubufebe. "Izinga lokuphindaphinda" lezingane ezidayisa ngomzimba ezingamaphesenti angu-80, ngokusho kukaPierre Legros, umsunguli we-Phnom Penh NGO elwa nokushushumbiswa. โUmsebenzi onzima kakhulu ukuhlenga amantombazane, wukwenza impilo yawo ngemuva kwalokho,โ usho kanje.
Eceleni komgwaqo we-Sisowath Quay, phambi kwezindawo zokudlela ezihamba phambili zedolobha, u-Pov nabangane bakhe bagibele i-pizza, ethengwe yisivakashi. Njengezingane eziningi ezihlala emigwaqweni lapha, uyingxube engaxakile yokungazi lutho nokwazi, isandla sakhe sihlezi ethangeni lami njengoba enxusa igama lehhotela lami. Yena nabangane bakhe baphelelwe ithemba ngoba uyazi ukuthi iningi lamadoda angaphandle lisuke lizele amantombazane. Kodwa kamuva, lapho umthwebuli wezithombe u-Androniki Christodoulou eqala ukuthatha izithombe, abafana bayeka ukuthengisa, bagoqe njengamakati odongeni lweQuay, bese bemamatheka ngamahloni. Bayizingane nje.
UDavid McNeill ubhala njalo izincwadi eziningi ezihlanganisa i-Irish Times kanye neChronicle of Higher Education. Ungumxhumanisi we-Japan Focus. Izinguqulo zangaphambilini zalesi sihloko zivele ku-The Irish Times kanye ne-South China Morning Post.
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