Unobhala woMgcinimafa uSteven Mnuchin akaziboni njengomuntu ongamfuna ekhoneni lakho embangweni wokudlala. Ekuphathweni kukaTrump, usefana nengane ezama ukuzwelana nesiqhwaga sesikole. Lokho, okungenani, indima abonakala eyithathile eTrump White House. Uma engazungezi imibukiso yangeSonto elwela umongameli, ujwayele ukudlala umuntu ozimisele ngezinqubomgomo zentela eziqinisekisiwe. kwandisa ukungalingani okwengeziwe eMelika kanye nomthetho ozokwenza ukususa cishe noma yikuphi ukuvikelwa kwabathengi ngokumelene ne-Wall Street.
UMnuchin, owayenguzakwethu wakwaGoldman Sachs, ufike eWashington enedumela elihlukile. Emuva ngo-2009, wayehlanganise inqwaba yabaxhasi bezimali abacebile ukuthi bathathe ibhange laseCalifornia IndyMac, lavalwa phakathi nenkinga yokuvalwa kwe-2008 yiFederal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). Kuthengwe nge-$13.9 billion (kodwa kuphela $ 1.3 billion ngemali yangempela), u-Mnuchin wayiguqula yaba umshini wangempela wokudayiswa kwempahla, ngesikhathi evala isiphetho sakhe uma kukhulunywa ngesithunzi sakhe esizayo. Ngaleso sikhathi, akazange abonakale ekhathazekile ngokugunyazwa ngumphakathi. Okuthile okuyigugu kakhulu kwakusengozini: amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-200, ngokuvumelana ne I-Bloomberg News, wazisholo yena mathupha, ngenxa yesivumelwano.
Ayikho inhlanhla enjalo, yebo, kubaboleki abajwayelekile basebhange. Ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaMnuchin, i-IndyMac yenza okungaphezu kwalokho 36,000 ukuvalwa, ukujikijela abanikazi bezindlu bangaphambili (okuhlanganisa abasebenzayo umsebenzi wezempi abesilisa nabesifazane) emgwaqweni ngaphandle kokungabaza noma isihawu nganoma iyiphi indlela edingekayo. Ngokwememo etholwe yintatheli ephenyayo UDavid Dayen, OneWest, igama elisha uMnuchin nelakhe u-billionaire yakhelwe i-Indybank, uMnuz Mnuchin manje CEO kanye nosihlalo, โbaxosha abanikazi bezindlu abangamahlongandlebe abakhipha ezindlini zabo ngokwephula isaziso nemithetho yesikhathi sokulinda, imibhalo eyisihluthulelo enesikhathi esidlule ngokungemthetho, kanye nezindali zokudliwa kwempahla ezazidlalwa ngokuphumelelayo.โ
Manje, Mnuchin uhlala ebaba futhi ekhungathekile ukuthi akakwazi ukukhahlela isithunzi ayenaso ngalezo zinsuku. Njengoba etshela i-House Financial Services Committee elalele ngo-Julayi, "Ngiphatha kabi wonke umuntu ongibiza ngenkosi yokudliwa kwempahla." Ukuthukuthela okunjalo bekuzoba yiqiniso ukube, ngoMeyi, enye yamabhange kaMnuchin, inkampani ebizwa ngeFinancial Freedom, ibingazange ngivume ukukhokha isinxephezelo esingaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-R89 kuhulumeni ngokuthatha inzuzo engafanele izinkulungwane yabadala ngokusebenzisa reverse mortgages okuguqula ukulingana ekhaya kube imali mboleko. (Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, ngo-August, iqembu eliqaphile, Umkhankaso wokuziphendulela, ubizelwe UMnyango Wezobulungiswa uzophenya uMnuchin ngezinsolo zokuthi wenze izitatimende ezingamanga ngaphansi kwesifungo kuCongress mayelana nesenzo sakhe e-OneWest phakathi kuka-2009 no-2015.)
NjengoDonald Trump, u-Mnuchin uyindoda ehlose ukwenza abacebile bacebe futhi baye esihogweni nabo bonke abanye abantu. Ngokuqhubekayo ehambisa i-ego kaTrump, noma ngabe ikuphi ukucasuka kwakhe okushunqa intuthu, yena amasosha - nakumongo weTrump White House ngempumelelo impela. Phela lolu hlelo lokuphatha lunakho walahlekelwa ngo-14 abantu ababalulekile esikhathini esingaphansi konyaka, okuhlanganisa umqondisi we-FBI, umeluleki wezokuphepha kuzwelonke, umphathi wabasebenzi e-White House, kanye nomqondisi wezokuxhumana e-White House. Kukho konke, uMnuchin usalokhu ekhona, engomunye wamalungu ambalwa eqembu lokuqala likaDonald elingahlobene negazi noma umshado obonakala echuma. (Kuyavunywa, yena nomongameli babexhunywe kulokho i-CNN eyake yakubiza ngokuthi "amandla ebhizinisi"Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba abe ngumqondisi wezezimali womkhankaso kaTrump ngoMeyi 2016.)
Hamilton, Trump, kanye ne-Playbill for the Economy
Kunomlando wonobhala boMgcinimafa abanobudlelwane obukhethekile nomongameli ababuya emuva ekusungulweni kweRiphabhulikhi. U-Alexander Hamilton, owokuqala wabo, wayemethemba ngokugcwele umongameli wokuqala, uGeorge Washington. Ngokusekelwa okunjalo, wasungula izintela zikahulumeni futhi weza nezinhlelo zangempela ukuthuthukiswa komnotho. Wayeqonda ukuthi izintela zikahulumeni zibalulekile ekwakheni iMelika. Ngokuphambene, u-Mnuchin ucabanga ukuthi imakethe yamasheya ingumxazululi omkhulu wezempilo yezomnotho futhi ibonakala icabangela intela ngaphandle kokumelwa (abacebile) ngokulandelana kosuku.
Selokhu uMnuz Mnuchin ephethe esinye sezikhundla zezomnotho ezinethonya elikhulu emhlabeni, ubelokhu engaguquguquki entweni eyodwa kuphela: ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi unikeza usizo emhlabeni wezezimali ezinkulu, umkhathi wakhe wangaphambili. Ngokwesibonelo, uye waphusha kanzima ukuze athole okwengeziwe ukuchithwa kwebhange ngokuthi kuzosiza amabhange amancane. Ungakukholwa umzuzwana. Ukudelela kwakhe ukulingisa kabusha uMthetho we-Glass-Steagall, owake wenza ukuhlanganiswa kwemisebenzi yamabhange yezohwebo nokutshalwa kwezimali kube kusemthethweni futhi kwanciphisa isimo sokuhluleka kakhulu samabhange amakhulu, kukutshela konke okudingeka ukwazi. Kukhombisa ukucabanga kwakhe kwangempela uma kukhulunywa ngamabhange kanye nokuzinza komnotho. Okufanekisa lokhu kube yindlela aqondisa ngayo UMkhandlu Wokubheka Ukuzinza Kwezezimali ukuthi abe ngusihlalo wokunikeza i-AIG, inkampani yomshwalense ewumgogodla wokuwohloka kwezimali ngo-2008, isango lokubuyela ekuveleni ukususa ilebula layo elikhulu kakhulu ukuhluleka.
Ufakazelwe ukuthi unekhono ekufiphaliseni imigqa phakathi kokuthi umthetho wamabhange ungabandakanya kanjani nokuthi angawenza kanjani amagama ngaphandle kokuwucindezela. NgoMeyi, kufakaza Ngokwesibonelo, ngaphambi kweKomidi Lebhange LeSigele, waphawula ukuthi โasikusekeli []ukwehlukaniswa kwamabhange namabhange okutshalwa kwezimali.โ Lapho uSenator Elizabeth Warren wabonisa ukuthi lesi kwakungesona neze isikhundla uDonald Trump nethimba lakhe ababesithathile ngesikhathi somkhankaso ka-2016 (noma we Inkundla yeRepublican, eyayicele ngokusobala ukubuyiselwa kwe-Glass-Steagall Act ka-1933), waffled: โThina, phakathi nomkhankasoโฆ saphumela obala sathi seseka i-Glass-Steagall yangekhulunyaka lamashumi amabili nanyeโฆ Lokho kusho ukuthi kunezici zayo esicabanga ukuthi zingase zibe nengqondo, kodwa asikaze sisho ngaphambili ukuthi sisekela ngokugcwele. ukuhlukaniswa kwamabhange namabhange okutshalwa kwezimali.โ
NgoJuni, nini ucindezelwe ngodaba lukaSenator Bernie Sanders, unobhala woMgcinimafa waphikisana ukuthi uTrump wayengenacala ngolimi epulatifomu yeqembu lamaRiphabhlikhi futhi wahlala ephikisana nokudiliza amabhange amakhulu. Wengeze wathi, โSicabanga ukuthi lokho kuzolimaza umnotho, lokho kuzocekela phansi imali emakethe. Esigxile kukho wumthetho ophephile futhi ohlakaniphile wamabhange amakhulu ukuze singabi sengozini yabakhokhi bentela.โ
Ngamanye amazwi, lena indoda enomuzwa wangempela wethuba elishumekwe kulo mzuzu - ukuze amabhange amakhulu kanye nama-CEO abo enze inqwaba yemali - kodwa akukho mqondo ofanele wezingozi ezihilelekile noma ukwesaba ikusasa okungenzeka yena nomongameli wakhe bazithole besiza amabhange anjalo, ngendlela ka-2008.
Izifundo ezingafundiwe? Uma lokho kungekona ukuphatha kukaTrump, kuyini?
Esongela iMakethe
UMnuchin kungenzeka ukuthi akaqondi ukuthi yini ebeka ingozi yangempela, kodwa usengabeka izinsongo ngakho. Ngo-Okthoba interview nge Imali Yepolitiki, wabeka i-rally ye-postelection yemakethe yamasheya ekulindelweni okuhle ukuthi iCongress izodlulisa umthethosivivinywa omkhulu wentela "wokuguqulwa". Uma lowo mthethosivivinywa ungadluli, uxwayise, izimakethe zizohlupheka kakhulu - kanjalo nawo wonke umuntu.
Ivela ku-Goldman Sachs alum, obekufanele ngabe ikhale izinsimbi ezimbalwa. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ekwindla ka-2008, lapho kufakwa amathangi emakethe yamasheya kanye namabhange, uNobhala Wezezimali ngaleso sikhathi kanye nalowo owayeyisikhulu esiphezulu seGoldman Sachs uHank Paulson wathatha isikhundla esifanayo noSomlomo weNdlu uNancy Pelosi. Ngemuva kokuthi lelo gumbi liqale ukwenqaba umthethosivivinywa webheyili ongama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-700 othumele izimakethe emsileni, uxwayise ngokuthi, uma engayifezi, amabhange amakhulu azoyeka ukunikeza umphakathi waseMelika imali. Impela, uKhongolose wavuma. Njengoba amaRiphabhulikhi angama-91 ajoyina amaDemocrat angu-172, umthethosivivinywa uphasiswe ngevoti elithi 263 ukuze 171.
Eminyakeni eyisishiyagalolunye kanye nenqwaba yoxhaso lwamabhange amakhulu kamuva, u-Mnuchin wahlanganisa amazinga emakethe nomthetho ngendlela esongela ngokufanayo. Njengoba esho I-Politico, "Akungabazeki ukuthi i-rally emakethe yamasheya ifinyelele kukho okulindelwe okuphezulu ngokunengqondo kokuthi sithole ukwehliswa kwentela kanye nokuguqulwa kwentela kwenziwe." Ube esenezela, โNgezinga esithola ngalo isivumelwano sentela, imakethe yamasheya izokhuphuka kakhulu.โ Kodwa ngalokho, kunjalo, kwaphuma isixwayiso: โAkukho ukungabaza engqondweni yami ukuthi uma singakwenzi uzobona ukuguqulwa kwenani elikhulu lalezi zinzuzo.โ
Futhi sikhuluma ngokuhlehliswa, "Umthetho kaMnuchin," njengoba wawubizwa ngokuthi NgoJanuwari, i-2017, igcizelele isikhundla sokuphatha sikaTrump esasikhona ngaleso sikhathi sokuthi abacebile akufanele bakhokhelwe intela. Nokho, ngo-Okthoba, uMnuchin wayesewushintshile umthetho wakhe. "Lapho unciphisa izintela ngaphesheya kwebhodi," yena wachaza kuya I-Politico, โkunzima kakhulu ukunganciphisi intela kwabacebile ngokuncishiswa kwentela kwabaphakathi. Izibalo, uma kubhekwa ukuthi uqoqa malini, kunzima ukuzenza.โ
Eqinisweni, izibalo akunzima neze ukuzenza. Umshana wami oneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili wayengakwenza. Uma wenza ngaphezu kwenani elithile, amanani akho entela akufanele anciphe. Yilokho kuphela izibalo ezinengqondo. Kodwa ezweni lobuqili bentela, ngisho noma ushiya izinga eliphezulu labakaki bentela njengoba linjalo, usengaqinisekisa ukuthi abacebile bathola wonke amakhefu ngezinye izindlela.
NgoNovemba 2nd, amaRiphabhulikhi ekugcineni akhiphe "Umthetho Wokuncishiswa Kwentela Nomsebenzi,โ obekuqukethe amagalelo amasha enhlalakahleni yesigaba esimaphakathi, okuhlanganisa nokususwa kwemali ebanjwayo yezindleko zezokwelapha, inzalo yemalimboleko yomfundi, nezintela zezwe nezendawo. Ezinkampanini, esezivele zinekheshi, icebo lidinga ukubaluleka okubalulekile, ingasaphathwa eyekhefu elimangalisayo. Izinga labo lentela lizokwehliswa lisuka ku-35% liye ku-20%.
Futhi ungakhohlwa ukusula intela yezindlu, leyo nzuzo yakudala "yabantu." Bala entweni eyodwa: ngeke kube nokuhlehla okuvela kuMnuchin noma uTrump kulokho ngoba izibalo azikwazanga ukucaca. Abacebile kakhulu kuphela abanezindawo ezinkulu ngokwanele ukuze bathole imivuzo kushintsho olunjalo. Engqungqutheleni ye-Institute for International Finance, ngisho noMnuchin kwadingeka avume ukuthi lokhu kwakuyinzuzo yabacebile, abacebile, kanye nabacebile: โNgokusobala, intela yezindlu, engizoyivuma, isiza abantu abacebile ngokulinganayo.โ Ngempela, izindlalifa zezindawo ze ngaphansi kwe Umuntu oyedwa kwabangama-1 baseMelika abashona unyaka nonyaka angazuza nganoma iyiphi indlela ekuchithweni okunjalo, nakuba izingane noma ezinye izihlobo 13 kumalungu angama-24 ekhabhinethi kaDonald Trump kanye nomongameli uqobo isikhwama ikhefu elihlanganisiwe lentela yezindlu cishe $ 1.5 billion.
Noma kunjalo, ungacabangi ukuthi yonke into iza ngezimbali ezinhle kunobhala wethu wakamuva woMnyango Wezezimali. Manje iWall Street ingase ibe yinkosi eWashington, kodwa uMnuchin akayena (yize ngokusobala eyinkosana endodeni eyodwa ebaluleke ngempela njengamanje, uDonald Trump). Emizamweni yakhe yokukhuthaza umbono kaTrump (noma ngabe kungaba yini), unobhala woMnyango wezeziMali ubonakala eza emfushane ngokusobala, namaRiphabhulikhi kuCongress abachaze indlela yakhe yokwenza umthetho ngokwemibandela esukela ku โungakhululekile"Ukuze"ehlambalaza ngokomqondo. "
UDonald Trump, vele, ukhankase njengomuntu omelene nokusungulwa ozonikeza isandla kubantu abajwayelekile, akhiphe ixhaphozi laseWashington, futhi abe nemihlane yethu. Wabe eseqala ukugcwalisa abaphathi bakhe ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa emnothweni, ngezibalo zabacebe kakhulu, eziqinisekiswa ukuthi zizothuthukisa ukuhlakazwa kwanoma yimiphi imithetho eqinile esele ukuze kuvikelwe izakhamuzi enhlekeleleni yezomnotho kuyilapho kunothisa evamile .01%.
UMnuchin kusamele enze into elula futhi ebonakala iqondile njengokuthumela incazelo ephelele yohlelo lwentela aluxhuma kanzima Ikhasi lewebhu loMnyango Wezezimali. Noma kwaze kwaba umhla zi-2 kuNovemba isalokhu iyi-chimera, lokho akuzange kumvimbe ekugijimeni ekuzivikeleni - ukuzivikela okuwukuthi, ukubuyisela abacebe ngokwedlulele imali yabo eningi. Siyakwamukela kupolitiki yaseMelika yekhulu lamashumi amabili nanye ye-.01%.
Ngaleso sikhathi, uMnuz Mnuchin ukubonile ukuthi uyi- umlandeli omkhulu ye-biography, nakuba isimiso sakhe singasivumeli isikhathi esiningi โukufunda injabulo.โ Lapho ebuzwa ngo-Alexander Hamilton, uthe, โNginomdwebo wakhe omuhle ehhovisi lami. Ungigqolozele nsuku zonke futhi ngimbheka ukuze athole izeluleko ezinhle.โ
Kodwa uHamilton waqonda ukuthi, ngaphandle kwentela eyanele, awukwazi ukuphatha izwe, noma ukhokhe izikweletu zalo, isimo esazisa ukuthi uzisebenzisa kanjani izintela zenhlangano esizweni esisha. Njengoba yena wathi ngo-1801, โNgokuqondene nezintela, ngokusobala azihlukaniseki nohulumeni. Akwenzeki ngaphandle kwabo ukukhokha izikweletu zesizwe, ukusivikela ezingozini zakwamanye amazwe, noma ukuvikela abantu ebudloveni obungenamthetho nokudlwengulwa.โ Wayekholelwa nokuthi labo abanemali eningi kufanele bakhokhe intela eyengeziwe. Ngokwesibonelo, uhlelo lwakhe lwentela yentela lwaludinga ukukhokhiswa intela yezinto eziwubukhazikhazi, izinqaba zezicebi.
Lo hulumeni usewutholile ngaphezulu kwe- $ 2.96 trillion emalini engenile yentela kuze kube manje ezinyangeni eziyi-11 zokuqala zonyaka wezimali wezi-2017. Leso sibalo siza nokushoda kwesabelomali $ 673.7 billion, okusho ukuthi uma abacebile noma izinhlangano bezingayeka ukukhokha izintela ezihlukahlukene (okungenani ngamanani amanje), imali bekuyodingeka iphume ndawana-thile. Ukuqala ukuvala lesi sishodayo, abacebile kancane bazovele bakhokhe imali ethe xaxa ngandlela thize, njengoba kuzoba nezifunda kanye namadolobha, futhi ukuncipha kwezindleko zomphakathi kuzolandela ngokungangabazeki njengoba ubusuku buba njalo emini.
UNobhala Womgcinimafa Ohamba Phambili Uhlanganisa Iqolo likaTrump
UMnuchin ngokwakhe uyasazi isimo esilungele ukukha uma esibona, kuhulumeni noma ngaphandle. Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga ngokusebenzisa kwakhe izindiza zempi ngendlela emangalisayo lapho ezihambela khona mathupha, kokubili emisebenzini kahulumeni nangezinjabulo. Lezi zindiza zeqe imingcele yokwahlulela, uma kungenjalo ukuba semthethweni. Ngokusho kuka-a umbiko ovela ku-Rich Delmar, umeluleki womhloli jikelele woMnyango Wezezimali, uMnuchin uthathe indiza yezempi okungenani izikhathi eziyisikhombisa ngaphandle kokuthola imvume efanele, eqa inqubo โeqinileโ yokugunyaza eyasungulwa ukugwema ukusetshenziswa ngokungafanele kwezinsiza ezibiza kanjalo. Futhi nakuba asihoxisa isicelo sokuthatha umkakhe baye e-honeymoon baye eYurophu ehlobo eledlule ngendiza yezempi, wenza kanjalo. ukusetshenziswa indiza ye-Air Force ezondizela eKentucky naye ukuyobuka ukusitheka kwelanga futhi - wengeza ngokucophelela - kokuthi "buyekeza igolideโ e-Fort Knox. Ngokungafani noNobhala Wezempilo Nezinkonzo Zabantu u-Tom Price ogama lakhe lendiza likahulumeni lamlahlekisela umsebenzi, iFort Knox yamboza ukusitheka kwelanga kukaMnuchin.
Uhlukanise ngalunye lwalolo hambo ngokuthi โUmsebenzi wokusekela i-White House,โ okuzwakala kumangalisa futhi okuyisigaba esigcinelwe izimo lapho izindiza zezentengiso zingatholakali noma kukhona ukuvikeleka kwezwe noma esinye isimo esiphuthumayo. Ngahlola, nokho. Kunezindiza ezimbalwa zezomnotho ezingama-$200 ezisuka eWashington ziye eKentucky, ezidlula u-$10,000 ngehora I-Pentagon izindleko njengezindleko zayo ezisemthethweni zendiza lapho izindiza zayo zisetshenziswa ngale ndlela.
Ngaphezu kwalezo zindiza, u-Mnuchin ubelokhu endizela phezulu njengohlobo lwesibili Kellyanne Conway kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezihloko ezingahlobene noMgcinimafa ezisongela ukudlula umphathi wakhe. Njengoba uTrump engene empini ebuhlungu yamagama nabadlali beNational Soccer League ethatha idolo phezu kokucwasa, uMnuchin wabona ithuba futhi Ukuhamba ngomkhumbi ngeSonto inkulumo-show circuit ehlasela abadlali. Usebenzise inkundla yakhe ukugcizelela ukuthi kufanele โbakhulume ngokukhululeka ngesikhathi saboโ โ โngaphandle kwenkundla,โ hhayi kuyo.
Cishe ngemva kwesonto, waphendula ngokungananazi ngokusekela kukamongameli ukuze alulame ePuerto Rican ngemva kokuba iSiphepho uMaria sicekele phansi leso siqhingi. Evikela umphathi wakhe nama-tweets akhe komunye umjikelezo waleyo midlalo yezingxoxo, waphinda kabili ukugxekwa kwe-White House kweMeya yaseSan Juan uCarmen Yulin Cruz. "Uma umengameli ehlaselwa, uyaphindisela," usho njalo utshele UChuck Todd ku-NBC Hlangana noCindezela, enezela, "Ngicabanga ukuthi ukuphawula kwemeya bekungalungile uma kubhekwa lokho uhulumeni akwenzile."
Nakuba inhloko yoMnyango wezeziMali ingesona isikhulu esikhethiwe, amazwi ayo anesisindo esikhulu - futhi, ngemva kwakho konke, ungowesihlanu ohlwini lokulandelana kwesobumongameli. Inani, ukuqonda, kanye nokwethembeka koMnyango Wezezimali kunomthelela kwezomnotho, izimakethe, abatshalizimali, kanye nokuzethemba emhlabeni wonke.
Simply Swampy
Kubize ngokuthi amanga, ukudukisa, ukuphambana, noma ukuncenga โamalungeloโ elungelo, kodwa uMnuchin usevele waqongelela ikhathalogu yezitatimende ezingabazekayo emsebenzini wakhe omfushane ehhovisi lomphakathi futhi, ngenkathi ekulo, uze wenza. Imali eyengeziwe endleleni: okungenani amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-15 futhi ngokunokwenzeka afinyelela ku-$53 wezigidi, kubika fortune, kusukela "kwezokuzijabulisa nezindawo ezithengiswayo azithengisa ukuze athobele imithetho yombuso yokungqubuzana kwezintshisekelo."
Kuye, ngokuqondene nomphathi wakhe, noma yini eshiwo noma ubani, okuyisisekelo nokwethembeka kwabo kuhlala kulula futhi kucacile: akusiyo esigabeni esiphakathi; kusekilasini labo, abantu abayizigidi eziyinkulungwane nangaphezulu.
U-Alexander Hamilton naye wayengaziwa ingcebo, kodwa wayeqonda ukuthi ingcebo yesizwe kufanele yabiwe ngokulinganayo. Wazama ukusebenzisa ihhovisi lakhe njengendawo yokuhlanganisa izwe kanye nendawo yokuxhumanisa imizamo yokukhokha izikweletu zeMpi Yezinguquko. Imfundiso kaMnuchin ingeyokubuyela emhlabeni wemithetho embalwa ye-Wall Street kanye nezintela ezimbalwa ezinkampanini nabacebile, okusho, ekuhumusheni, kusho ubungozi obukhulu nezindleko zethu sonke kanye nezwe lonke. Yize uMongameli uTrump engeyena impela ifa elingasho-a-amanga lesiko laseWashington, uNobhala wakhe woMgcinimafa, inkosi yokuvalwa kwezwe laseMelika, akayena u-Alexander Hamilton ngokusobala.
Nomi Prins, a TomDispatch Njalo, ungumbhali wezincwadi eziyisithupha. Eyakhe yakamuva nje Bonke Abamabhange Bomongameli: Izivumelwano Ezifihliwe Ezishayela Amandla AseMelika (Izincwadi Zesizwe). Uyisikhulu sangaphambili saseWall Street. Sibonga ngokukhethekile kumcwaningi uCraig Wilson ngomsebenzi wakhe omuhle ngaleli siqephu.
Lesi sihloko sivele okokuqala ku-TomDispatch.com, i-weblog ye-Nation Institute, enikeza ukugeleza okuqhubekayo kweminye imithombo, izindaba, kanye nemibono evela ku-Tom Engelhardt, umhleli wesikhathi eside ekushicileleni, umsunguli we-American Empire Project, umbhali we Ukuphela KweMasiko Okunqoba, njengenoveli, Izinsuku Zokugcina Zokushicilela. Incwadi yakhe yakamuva ithi I-Shadow Government: Ukuqapha, Impi Yezimfihlo, ne-Global Security State ezweni elilodwa elinamandla (Izincwadi zeHaymarket).
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela