As insangu ngokusemthethweni washanela i-US ngoNovemba, i-Arizona yayiyedwa kuyo ukulahlwa yokhula olusemthethweni. Lapho, inkampani eyenza imithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-Insys yayiyinhloko umqaphi yomkhankaso oyimpumelelo wokumisa isilinganiso sombuso sokuzilibazisa sensangu, siphikisa esidlangalaleni ukuthi amabhizinisi amabhodwe angaba mabi empilweni yomphakathi futhi abeke izingane engozini.
Kodwa kubashisekeli bensangu, inhloso ye-Insys yayicacile - ukuqeda umncintiswano.
Ukuqinisekisa lezo zinsolo, u-Insys usezitholile manje kuvunyelwe evela kwa-US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) ukuthuthukisa eyakhe insangu yokwenziwa, icala lakamuva leBig Pharma elwa nabalimi abancane bewunga.
Njengoba insangu manje isemthethweni ngaphezu kwengxenye e-US, imboni ye-cannabis esafufusa kanye nabadlali abangaphansi komhlaba asebenesikhathi eside bakhathazeke kakhulu ngosongo olubangelwa abakhiqizi bemithi abanamandla, abasize ngasikhathi sinye ukulwa nokugunyazwa ngokusemthethweni ngenkathi befuna ukuthuthukisa eyabo insangu yokwenziwa.
"Anginalo ithemba elikhulu ngalo mfana kuleli zwe," kusho uDkt Gina Berman, umqondisi wezokwelapha eGiving Tree Wellness Center, indawo yokwelapha insangu ePhoenix, Arizona. โAbezemithi bazongiqeda nya. Sinebhizinisi elincane, futhi ngeke sikwazi ukulwa neBig Pharma. "
Icala le-Insys linikeza umfanekiso ogqamile walokho okushiwo abaholi bewunga ukuthi isimo esingalungile nesiyingozi semboni yezokwelapha insangu - ukulwa nokuvimba isitshalo okuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi siyindlela ephumelelayo, ephephile futhi eshibhile emithini kadokotela eluthayo.
Ukwesekwa kweBig Pharma kwamaqembu ukhula lokuzilibazisa oluphikisayo ziye zaba kuhlelwe kahle eminyakeni yakamuva. Kepha ukuphishekela kuka-Insys insangu yokwenziwa kubonisa ukuqala kohlobo oluhlukile losongo kanye nesithiyo esingaba yisithiyo sesikhathi eside izinkampani zezidakamizwa ezingase zibe khona uma zifuna ukumisa imakethe njengemithetho yokhula. ngokungenakugwemeka zasakazeka ezweni lonke.
"Sinalezi zinkampani ezenza imithi ezisebenzisa amandla azo okunxenxa ukuletha okuthile emakethe abantu abangakhula kuzo emakhaya abo," kusho uJP Holyoak, umnikazi wendawo yensangu kanye nomlimi e-Arizona, owayengusihlalo womkhankaso womthetho wombuso ngonyaka odlule. โBayabona ukuthi ihhashi seliphumile esibayeni mayelana nensangu. Abakwazi ukukuhlula, ngakho manje bazama ukukuthatha. โ
I-Insys, engazange iphendule izicelo eziningi zokuphawula, wanikela ngama- $ 500,000 emkhankasweni wokulwa nokugunyazwa e-Arizona ngonyaka odlule, okumaka omunye weminikelo emikhulu kunayo yonke eyake yaba khona emkhankasweni ophikisayo wamabhodwe, ngokusho kweWashington Post.
Ngomhla zingama-23 kuNdasa, ngaphansi kwezinyanga ezinhlanu ngemuva kokuhluleka kwembiza yase-Arizona, i-Insys yamemezela ukuthi i-DEA inikeze ukukhanya okuluhlaza ukuze kwethulwe i-Syndros, i-cannabinoid yayo eklanyelwe ukwelapha iziguli ze-chemotherapy ezihlushwa isicanucanu kanye neziguli ze-Aids ezine-anorexia.
Umuthi wenziwe elebhu Amanzi uhlobo lwe-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), isakhi samakhemikhali esibalulekile ku-cannabis. Ihlukile kunensangu yokwenziwa yasemgwaqeni eyaziwa ngokuthi K2 noma Spice, okuvame ukuhlanganisa amakhemikhali afafazwe ezitshalweni futhi kuxhunyaniswe nazo ukweqisa izidakamizwa nokufa.
Ukugunyazwa kuqubule ukuhlehla okuqinile kwezishoshovu zensangu, eziphikisa ngokuthi i-Insys isize ukuvimbela lolo hlobo lokwelapha oselusendleleni yokumakethwa.
"Kuyanyanyisa kancane uma ucabanga ngomonakalo wesibambiso kubantu," kusho uBerman.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Insys futhi ikhiqiza i-fentanyl, a i-painkiller enamandla izikhathi ezingu-50 kune-heroin futhi ine irekhodi elibulalayo. NgoDisemba, abaphathi be-Insys abayisithupha baba waboshwa ngezinsolo zokugwazisa odokotela ukuthi banikeze iziguli ezingayidingi i-fentanyl.
Ukuhlangana kwe-Insys nenkinga ye-opiate kwenza imizamo yayo yokuvimbela insangu elawulwayo ukuthi isebenzise kakhulu, kusho abagxeki.
"I-Fentanyl iyisidakamizwa esiphenduka ngokushesha indlela enkulu yokufa kwe-opioid e-US," kusho u-W David Bradford, uprofesa wase-University of Georgia ucwaningo lwakhe luye lwabonisa. kubonisiwe ukuthi insangu yezokwelapha yehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa. โKunobufakazi obuqandโ ikhanda bokuthi insangu iyasebenza ekulawulweni kwezinhlungu. Futhi akekho umuntu oseke wafa ngenxa yokusebenzisa insangu ehogelwe.โ
Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, abanikeli bahlotshaniswa ne ukulungiswa kwezidakamizwa futhi izikhungo zokwelashwa babuye basekela izinyathelo zokulwa ne-cannabis, edweba izinsolo ezifanayo zokuzenzisa ecabangela amandla ensangu ukwelapha ukulutha kwe-opioid.
Nge anti-marijuana Conservative ehola uMnyango Wezobulungiswa wase-US, futhi uhulumeni wobumbano uyaqhubeka phatha insangu njengesidakamizwa esingekho emthethweni nge ukuhlukumeza futhi ukushushiswa, abacwaningi kanye nabakhiqizi be-cannabis bathi bavinjiwe ekwambulweni kwekhono lensangu ukusiza ukunqanda ubhubhane lwe-opioid.
Lokho kusho ukuthi abakhiqizi bemithi yokudambisa izinhlungu abanjengo-Insys banezisusa zezezimali zokusekela ukwehla kwensangu, ikakhulukazi lapho ukubambezeleka kubanikeza isikhathi sokwenza eyabo imithi yokwenziwa egunyazwe uhulumeni.
"Kuwumbudane impela ukuthi umthetho wobumbano ubheka insangu njengento engenamsebenzi wezokwelapha, kodwa ivumela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinguqulo zokwenziwa zento efanayo," kusho uMason Tvert, we-Marijuana Policy Project, eye yasekela izindlela eziningi zomthetho zombuso.
Indawo ekhona empunga esemthethweni yenza kube nzima ukusebenza kwensangu lokho ukulwa nezinhlobonhlobo zezithiyo, njenge izinselele zamabhange, ukungqubuzana kwezomthetho futhi imithetho ephikisanayo. Kodwa imikhawulo yamanje yamabhodwe ilungile ezinkampanini ezenza imithi ezinezinsiza nengqalasizinda ukuze zizulazule ngezimvume Zokulawulwa Kokudla Nezidakamizwa.
In ukufaka umtshali-zimali oyedwa, Insys ngisho ngqo avunyelwe ukuthi ukwenziwa ngokusemthethweni kwensangu "kungakhawulela kakhulu impumelelo yezentengiselwano" yemikhiqizo yayo esekwe insangu.
"Zonke lezi zinkampani ezenza imithi zithembele kwi-FDA ngokuvikela kwazo okuzimele," kusho uHolyoak. "Bazoqhubeka nokuzama ukugcina insangu ingekho emthethweni ngaphandle kwalokho."
Ama-dispensaries akhona, ngakolunye uhlangothi, avame ukuba โyizitolo zomama kanye ne-pop,โ kusho uDkt Frank LoVecchio, umqondisi wezokwelapha esikhungweni sobuthi sase-Arizona, oke wacwaninga ngensangu yezokwelapha. โAbanabo abamele izidakamizwa. Abanazo izabelomali laba bantu abanazo.โ
Izinkampani ezinkulu ezithaka imithi zingagcina sezithenge ama-dispensary esikhathini esizayo, wengeza.
Kodwa uMichael Collins, isekela lomqondisi we-Drug Policy Alliance, uthe akasoli ukuthi izinkampani zemithi zizophazamisa amabhizinisi ensangu njengoba imakethe yezokungcebeleka iqhubeka nokukhula futhi izohlala ihlukile ezinkampanini zezidakamizwa.
UBerman, nokho, uthe kunzima ukuqonda ukuthi izinkampani ezithaka imithi kumele zibambe iqhaza kwasekuqaleni. "Kungani sizama ukwakha kabusha imboni kuyilapho empeleni sinemboni futhi kubiza kancane kakhulu ukuthi iziguli zifinyelele kuzo?"
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela