IZIZWE EZIYI-UNITED, Disemba 21 (IPS) โ Izizinda ezintsha zomhlaba ezinamandla kwezomnotho, okuhlanganisa i-India, i-Brazil, iNingizimu Afrika kanye ne-China, ziyimbangela enkulu yokwanda kohwebo nokutshalwa kwezimali phakathi kwamazwe ayi-132 asathuthuka eNingizimu yomhlaba.
โIzwe laseNingizimu lilonke alicebile ngokwemibandela nje kuphela kodwa isisindo salo sezomnotho esihlangene uma siqhathaniswa nomnotho womhlaba wonke siye sakhula kakhulu,โ kusho uYiping Zhou, umqondisi we-UN's Special Unit for South-South Cooperation.
Ngokwezibalo zakamuva, ukuhwebelana kwamazwe aseNingizimu naseNingizimu kukhule ngokushesha kule minyaka eyishumi edlule: kusuka ezigidini eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-222 zamadola ngo-1995 kuya ku-562 wezigidigidi ngo-2004. Izibalo zika-2005 kanye no-2006 kulindeleke ukuthi zibe phezulu kakhulu.
"Lokhu kuhwebelana kweNingizimu neNingizimu kukhula ngokushesha kunanoma yikuphi okunye ukuhwebelana - cishe ngamaphesenti angu-11 ngonyaka," uZhou etshela i-IPS.
Futhi yilokhu โkukhula okumangalisayo okufinyelelwe amazwe athile amakhulu asathuthuka, ikakhulukazi e-Asia, okuvumela amazwe amaningi amancane ukuba azuze ekuthengisweni okwandisiwe kwempahla nemikhiqizo edingeka kakhulu kulezi zikhungo zokukhula,โ wengeza.
Ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqondile kwamanye amazwe aseNingizimu neNingizimu (i-FDI) nakho kunyukile, kusukela ezigidini eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-14 zamadola ngo-1995 kuya kumadola ayizigidigidi ezingama-47 ngowezi-2003, izibalo zika-2006 okulindeleke ukuthi zifinyelele ngaphezu kwamabhiliyoni angama-55.
UNobhala-Jikelele we-UN u-Kofi Annan uveza ukuthi uhwebo phakathi kwaseNingizimu lukhule ngokushesha. Izinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe eziseNingizimu seziphenduke abahlinzeki bezimali kanye nobuchwepheshe, futhi zidale amathuba omsebenzi futhi zakhiqiza ingcebo.
"Amazwe asathuthuka akhula ngokushesha nawo avele njengomthombo obalulekile wokutshalwa kwezimali, (abafuduki) abathunyelwa ngaphandle kanye nosizo lwentuthuko," esho ngoLwesibili, ekhuluma emhlanganweni woSuku lwe-UN lwe-South-South Cooperation.
U-Annan uthe imihlangano yakamuva kanye nezinhlelo, okuhlanganisa neSouth America-Arab Summit yangonyaka odlule kanye ne-China-Africa Summit yalo nyaka, โibonisa ukuzibophezela okuqinile phakathi kwamazwe asathuthuka ukugcina nokwandisa lo mfutho.โ
Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili nantathu edlule, uZhou uveze, umnotho wamazwe asathuthuka ukhule ngokushesha kakhulu kunalowo wezomnotho othuthukile kanye nezinguquko.
Amaphethini amasha ohwebo, ukutshalwa kwezimali kanye nokunye ukuxhumana kwezomnotho kuvela ngokushesha, kucekela phansi izinhlaka ezazuzwa njengefa esikhathini esidlule samakoloni, wengeza.
"Leli qiniso liphinde liguqule izikhungo namandla aseNingizimu, liveze phambi kwethu isimo esihluke ngokuphelele saseNingizimu-Ningizimu futhi, ngenxa yalokho, nobudlelwano baseNingizimu-Nyakatho kwezombusazwe, umnotho namasiko."
Inxusa laseNingizimu Afrika uDumisani Kumalo ongusihlalo weQembu lamazwe angu-132 asathuthuka elinamalungu angu-77, uthe iSouth-South Cooperation โiyithuluzi elibaluleke kakhulu lokuthuthukisa nokuqinisa ukuzimela kwezomnotho emazweni asathuthuka kanye nokuzuza intuthuko njengenye yezindlela zokuqinisekisa ukuthi amazwe asathuthuka ukuhleleka komnotho emhlabeni wonke okulinganayo.โ
Uthe i-Global South Development Forum ehlongozwayo ngo-2007 izofaka isandla ekwandiseni indawo yenqubomgomo yaseNingizimu futhi ivumele amazwe asathuthuka ukuthi andise futhi ahlukanise ukubambisana phakathi eNingizimu.
Izofaka isandla ekukhuthazeni ukusebenzisana kweNingizimu neNingizimu ngokunabile ngokuxoxisana kwabo bonke ababambiqhaza abakhulu. Inkundla ezayo izophinde ivumele amazwe asathuthuka ukuthi akwazi ukufeza Izinjongo Zokuthuthukiswa Kweminyaka Eyinkulungwane (MDGs) ngokusebenzisana kweNingizimu neNingizimu, waphawula.
I-MDGs ihlanganisa ukuncishiswa kwamaphesenti angama-50 ubumpofu obudlulele kanye nendlala; imfundo yamabanga aphansi yomhlaba wonke; ukukhuthazwa kokulingana kobulili; ukuncipha kokushona kwezingane ngezingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu; ukuncishiswa kokushona komama ngezikota ezintathu; ukulwa nokusabalala kwe-HIV/AIDS, umalaleveva nezinye izifo; ukuqinisekisa ukusimama kwemvelo; kanye nokuthuthukisa ubudlelwano bomhlaba obuseNyakatho neNingizimu ukuze kuthuthukiswe.
Umhlangano wengqungquthela wabaholi bomhlaba abayi-189 ngoSepthemba 2000 wathembisa ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke lezi zinjongo ngonyaka wezi-2015. Kodwa inqubekelaphambili ekusetshenzisweni kwazo ibihamba kancane.
U-Zhou uveze izibonelo ezimbalwa ezibambekayo zokubambisana kweNingizimu neNingizimu Afrika okuxhumene nezohwebo, ukutshalwa kwezimali kanye nosizo olubandakanya i-India, iBrazil, iNingizimu Afrika neChina.
I-India isivele yakha ibhalansi ebalulekile yemali enqwabelene yenkokhelo, futhi ukuzibophezela kwayo ekuthuthukisweni kwe-Afrika kwagcizelelwa isifungo sayo sokuhlinzeka ngamadola ayizigidi ezingama-200 woBudlelwane Olusha Lokuthuthukiswa Kwe-Afrika.
I-India iphinde yahlinzeka ngomugqa wesikweletu wamadola ayizigidi ezingama-500 emazweni aseNtshonalanga Afrika, ngaphezu kokukhansela izikweletu ezinkulu ezikweletwa ngamanye amazwe angama-50 angathuthukile kancane (ama-LDC), ikakhulukazi e-Afrika, futhi achazwa njengampofu kakhulu emhlabeni. mpofu.
U-Zhou uthe iBrazil โiqinise kakhulu ukusebenzisana kwayo eNingizimu neNingizimu ne-Afrikaโ, okuhlanganisa izindawo eziningi, okuhlanganisa ezolimo, ingqalasizinda, ezohwebo kanye nokuphathwa komphakathi.
Abantu baseBrazil basule izikweletu zase-Afrika ezingaphezu kwesigidigidi. Futhi kamuva nje, i-Brazil inqume ukunikeza ukufinyelela kwamahhala emakethe yayo yemikhiqizo evela kuma-LDC angama-50.
INingizimu Afrika, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ixhase ngezimali ukwakhiwa kwesincibilikisa i-aluminiyamu iMozal ebiza izigidigidi ezimbili zamadola.
Futhi, ngaphansi kwe-India-Brazil-South Africa Poverty Initiative - eyaziwa ngokuthi i-IBSA Initiative - la mazwe womathathu anqume ukunikela ngesigidi samadola ngonyaka ukuze asekele izinhlelo zaseNingizimu-Ningizimu Afrika okuhloswe ngazo ukusiza ama-LDC ukwehlisa ububha, nokulwa nendlala nezifo. .
Kakade lawa mazwe amathathu asathuthuka asevele njengabathengi abakhulayo abavela kwamanye amazwe abavela kwamanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi izinsimbi nezimbiwa phansi, kanye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla.
"Abakhiqizi bezimpahla kanye namandla eNingizimu babheke kakhulu kulawa mazwe ngezimakethe zabo kanye namathuba amasha okuhweba, ukutshalwa kwezimali kanye nokudluliselwa kobuchwepheshe," kusho uZhou.
Khonamanjalo, i-China isivuselele kabusha isu layo laseNingizimu naseNingizimu ukuze kugxilwe kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni komnotho wase-Afrika.
Njengoba izimali zokuhwebelana zamazwe angaphandle manje sezifinyelele ngaphezu kwesigidintathu samadola, i-China isikhansele izikweletu ezilinganiselwa ku-1.3 billion wamadola ekweletwa ama-LDC ase-Afrika angama-31.
Ngo-2009, u-Zhou wabikezela, i-China izophinda kabili usizo lwayo e-Afrika; ukuhlinzeka ngamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezinhlanu emalimboleko ekhethwayo kanye nekhredithi yomthengi; kanye nokwakha isikhwama sokuthuthukisa i-China-Afrika esibiza izigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezinhlanu zamarandi ukuze sikhuthaze amafemu aseShayina ukuthi atshale e-Afrika.
Uhulumeni waseShayina uhlela nokwenyusa isibalo semikhiqizo engakhokhisi lutho evela e-Afrika isuka ezintweni ezikhona manje eyi-190 iye kwezingama-440 eminyakeni emithathu ezayo.
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