Cishe abahleli nama-400 abagqugquzeli kanye nezishoshovu bahlangana eNyuvesi yaseMassachusetts e-Amherst Mashi 19-22 embuthanweni wokuqala kazwelonke we-U.S. Solidarity Economy Network, edlula lokho obekulindelwe ngabahleli bayo.
Ukushuba kwesimo sezomnotho kwenza umhlangano ufike ngesikhathi. Itimu iyonke ibisithi โUkwakha Omunye Umhlaba,โ futhi idonse ababambiqhaza abavela oGwini Olusempumalanga, eNingizimu nase-Midwest yase-US, ngisho nase-Alaska nasePuerto Rico. Emazweni ngamazwe, kwafika izithunywa ezivela eQuebec, eVenezuela, ePeru, eMexico, naseCanada. Abantu bamele ubulungiswa bezomnotho kanye namaphrojekthi emisebenzi eluhlaza, izitolo zokudla nezinyunyana zezikweletu, amaqoqo abasebenzi nezinyunyana zabasebenzi, kanye nemizamo yokuhlela ukuthula nobulungiswa.
"Ukuhlukahluka kwethu bekunamandla kakhulu futhi kunobuhlakani," kusho uJulie Matthaei, ilungu lekomidi lokuxhumanisa le-USSEN. "Kusisize kahle ekuqinisekiseni ubunye bethu, ukuxoxa ngokungaboni ngaso linye, nokusisiza ukuthi sifinyelele ukuqonda okujulile komnotho wobumbano kumongo wethu."
Umnotho wobumbano uyinhlangano esezingeni eliphansi eyaziwa kabanzi kulo lonke elaseLatin America, esukela kubantu abaphendukela omunye komunye ukuze baphile lapho bebhekene nokugawulwa kwamanetha okuphepha komphakathi okubekwe ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kanye ne-neoliberalism. Iqukethe imifelandawonye yabalimi, abasebenzi abathumba amafekthri alahliwe kanye nezinhlangano ezihlukahlukene zabampofu basemadolobheni. E-Europe naseQuebec, yaziwa nangokuthi ingxenye yomnotho wezenhlalakahle, enobudlelwane obujulile nezinyunyana zabasebenzi, amadlelandawonye aphethwe abasebenzi kanye nomkhakha ongenzi nzuzo ezinsizeni zezenhlalakahle. Ndawonye, โโumnotho wenhlalo nobumbano uqine impela lapho, kube nempumelelo ekuqhubekiseleni phambili inqubomgomo yomphakathi.
I-USSEN yethulwa e-US Social Forum e-Atlanta, 2007, eyadonsa ababambiqhaza abangaba ngu-12,000. Izishoshovu ze-SEN zazihlele amaphaneli nama-workshop angaphezu kuka-80, futhi inethiwekhi yasungulwa phakathi kwabahlanganyeli. Yengeze ezinombolweni zayo kusukela lapho, ngomhlangano we-Amherst nephrojekthi yayo yokuqala enkulu yase-US. Ibizwe ngokubambisana ne-Universidad de los Andes yase-Venezuela kanye ne-RIPES-North America, i-Intercontinental Social Solidarity Economy Network.
U-Emily Kawano, umqondisi we-USSEN, wamukele wonke umuntu emhlanganweni wokuvula futhi waqaphela lo mlando. "Siyazi ukuthi umnotho wobumbano umusha kwizishoshovu zalapha e-U.S., kodwa sijabule kakhulu ngendlela osukunyelwa ngayo. Sicace bha ngencazelo yawo ewumongo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, siyawuthanda umqondo wokuthi siyawakha umgwaqo njengoba siwuhamba." U-Ethel Cote walandela ngencazelo yokuthi i-Canadian Community Economic Development Network (CCEDNET) ayeyimele yayibhekene kanjani nezinselelo ezintsha ngesikhathi esisha sobunzima, kuyilapho u-Benito Diaz waseVenezuel University e-Andes echaza inhlangano enkulu yokubambisana. yethulwa njengengxenye yenguquko yaseBolivia ezweni lakhe.
Le ngqungquthela yahlelwa cishe izinkundla zokucobelelana ngolwazi ezingaba ngu-70 izikhathi eziyisishiyagalombili, ezinezikhathi ezinkulu ezine, kanye nohambo lokuvula lwezibonelo zasendaweni zomnotho wobumbano oqhubekayo eWestern Massachusetts. Izikhulumi ezingu-199 zenze izethulo futhi zaqhuba izingxoxo.
Izihloko zazihlanganisa inhlobo ebanzi: I-ajenda yenqubomgomo efanayo emongweni wezinhlelo zika-Obama zokubuyisela esimweni, izindlu zomfelandawonye, โโukuhwebelana ngokungenzeleli, izinyunyana zezikweletu, ezinye izinhlobo zemali, amadlelandawonye e-Venezuela, ukuthathwa kwezisebenzi e-Argentina, ezomnotho zabesifazane, umnotho wezenhlalo eQuebec, indima yezinyunyana zabasebenzi, imifelandawonye yabasebenzi, imifelandawonye yezemisebenzi eluhlaza, amandla elanga nokunye okuningi.
Umhlangano wasekuseni wangoLwesihlanu ubugcwele phama. U-Elandria Williams ovela e-Highlander Research and Educational Center e-Knoxville, e-Tennessee uxoshe abantu ngezincazelo zokuhlela izimpi zobulungiswa kwezomnotho. "Sesisebenze isikhathi eside emnothweni wobumbano ukuze siphile. Asikaze silisebenzise lelo gama kuwo." Uhlanganyele inkundla no-Ethan Miller ovela kunethiwekhi yeGrassroots Economic Organising. Ujabulele iseshini ngemephu eningilizayo eyingcaca yazo zonke izici ezixhumene zomlingisi wokunyakaza esikrinini esikhulu.
Umbuzo wokuxhumana komnotho wobumbano nenhlangano ebanzi "yemisebenzi eluhlaza" uqhamuke ekuqaleni komhlangano wokucobelelana ngolwazi mayelana nokubumba inqubomgomo efanayo kumongo wokugqugquzela u-Obama. Lolu daba lwagcizelelwa ukuqokwa kwakamuva kuka-Van Jones we-Green For All eqenjini le-White HouseโGreen For All kanti uJones bahlonishwa kakhulu lapha. Nakuba ingekho impendulo evumelanayo, cishe bonke bavumile ukuthi kunokunqwabelana okukhulu phakathi kwalokhu kokubili, futhi amaphrojekthi omnotho wobumbano abe neqhaza elibalulekile emkhankasweni wokuthuthukiswa kwemisebenzi eluhlaza.
"Azifani ncamashi," kusho omunye wabahlanganyeli. "T. Boone Pickens, usozigidi waseTexas ofuna zonke lezo zinjini zomoya zenze iMidwest iSaudi Arabia yamandla omoya ngokusobala iyingxenye yomnotho oluhlaza, kodwa cishe akanandaba nakancane ngokuthi yini eyenza umnotho wobumbano ube munye. ubunikazi babasebenzi kanye nomphakathi nokunye okunjalo. Kodwa yilapho singena khona, esingakunikeza umbutho wamathuba emisebenzi eluhlaza."
โInkulumompikiswano ka-Obamaโ ivele ezingqungqutheleni eziningi ngempelasonto. Bekunemibono eyahlukene ngeNdlu Emhlophe entsha, abaningi bezwelana no-Obama. Abanye bazimemezele njengabavoti abaluhlaza, nokho, futhi abambalwa abazange bazihluphe ngokhetho. Eqinisweni, kunezingxoxo ezimbili ezinkulu eziyisisekelo kanye nezinkulumompikiswano emzamweni womnotho wobumbano cishe yonke indawo. Okokuqala ukuthi amaphrojekthi we-SE asebenza njengezinye izindlela ezimakethe noma njengenketho eguquguqukayo ngaphakathi kwawo. Okunye kuthinta umbuso, nokuthi amaphrojekthi e-SE akhula kakhulu ngokuxhumanisa ngaphandle kukahulumeni, noma ukuthi abambisana nohulumeni ukuphoqa izinguquko zesakhiwo, ikakhulukazi ezingeni lendawo. Yomibili imibono yavezwa, kodwa akekho owabona isidingo sokuphoqelela isiphetho ngalolu daba.
Kodwa iningi labahlanganyeli belimane lijabule ngosayizi nokwehlukahlukana kwababekhona, futhi belithakasele uchungechunge lwezinketho zesihloko somhlangano wokusebenzela abangasample.
Ingqungquthela yangoLwesihlanu kusihlwa ijulise isimo samazwe ngamazwe sengqungquthela. U-Nancy Neamtan ovela ku-Chantier de l'รฉconomie sociale eQuebec, inethiwekhi yamanethiwekhi azo zonke izinhlangano ezithintekayo kwezomnotho wezenhlalakahle, uchaze ukuxhumana okujulile nenhlangano yezabasebenzi ngokusebenzisa izimpi nezinkinga eziningi, nokuthi umnotho wezenhlalakahle ubaluleke kangakanani ukusinda kwesigaba sabasebenzi, ikakhulukazi abesifazane abasebenzayo. UGraciela Monteagudo, ekhulumela i-Argentina Autonomista Project, unikeze umbukiso wamaslayidi onamandla ngemizamo yabantu abampofu balelo zwe abampofu ukuze bahlele imifelandawonye yokugaya kabusha, kuyilapho uJose Sojo waseVenezuela echaza izinselele eziqhubekayo namadlelandawonye asaphila ezimakethe.
NgoMgqibelo ekuseni izinkundla zokucobelelana ngolwazi bezinenkinga yokugcwala ngokweqile njengoba izishoshovu eziningi zitheleke e-Amherst ngempelasonto.
"Imisebenzi Eluhlaza Ephethwe Ngumphakathi kanye Namandla Aluhlaza" kwakuyisinqumo esidumile. Ihlelwe yi-Massachusetts Coop Power, abethuli banikeze izincazelo ezinhle kakhulu ezinemininingwane yokudala imisebenzi eluhlaza entsheni efaka izifudumezi zamanzi ashisayo ezisebenza ngelanga ezindlini zokuhlala. Ngisho nemindeni ehola kancane ingathatha ithuba lezinhlelo eziningi zokudala ukumboza izindleko zangaphambili zamayunithi ngokuboleka imali eyongile esikhathini esizayo ezikweletini zamandla ezinkampanini zezinsiza.
โKungu-โWin-Winโ nxazonke,โ kusho uLynn Benander weCoop Power. Lapho ebuzwa ukuthi wayizuza kanjani intsha engabazekayo yasedolobheni ukuba ithathe lolu hlelo, waphendula: โNgabeka inkomishi eyigwebu yamanzi ashisayo phakathi kwetafula ngabuza, โUngayigcina kanjani ishisa?โ ngayithola. ukuncintisana ukuthola izixazululo. Ngabe sengithi, 'Kulungile, manje uligcina kanjani leli gumbi naleli bhilidi lifudumele? Nali umtshina, thola ukulahlekelwa ukushisa, bese ucabanga ukuthi ungakumisa kanjani. Kusebenze njengentelezi; bangena yona."
Inkundla yokucobelelana ngolwazi eyalandela ngendikimba efanayo ibisithi "Ukwakha Umnotho Ohlanganisayo Nolinganayo," wethulwa yi-Massachusetts Green Jobs Coalition.
"Sikwenza kanjani ngempela?" kubuza uKalia Lydgate, umhleli we-MAGJC. Umfundi ogqugquzelwe uVan Jones kanye nencwadi yakhe ethi, โGreen Collar Economy,โ uqhubekile wachaza ukuthi bayisebenzise kanjani imibono yakhe ukwakha imifelandawonye yemikhakha ehlanganisa labo abadinga kakhulu imisebenzi eluhlaza. "Uma uhamba ekamelweni futhi bonke abafana abamhlophe abagqoke amasudi, unezinkinga ezinkulu. Lokho ngeke kusebenze." I-MAJJC iphenduke yaba umfelandawonye oyimpumelelo ezweni lonke kanye nommeli othole ukuqeqeshwa kwemisebenzi ephansi phezulu kanye noxhaso lwezimali olwenziwe ngendlela engcono kakhulu.
"Lesi ngesinye sezehlakalo ezishukumisa ingqondo nezingikhanyisela kakhulu empilweni yami," kusho uTylik Railey, isishoshovu esincane se-Asbury Park Neighborhood Cooperative eNew Jersey. "Ngijabule kakhulu ukuthi ngiyingxenye yenhlangano enkulu kangaka emhlabeni wonke. Ngokungazi okuningi ngomnotho wobumbano, ngaba manqikanqika ukungena kulo mhlaba wabahleli, izifundiswa, abafundi kanye nosomabhizinisi abancane. ngokuphazima kweso ngase ngihlanganyela okuhlangenwe nakho kwami โโnalaba bantu abafanayo."
Umzuliswano wantambama wawunenkundla yokucobelelana ngolwazi yabasebenzi. U-Yvon Poirier we-Canadian CED Network kanye nesazi sezinyunyana zaseQuebec eselathatha umhlalaphansi banikeze isethulo ngeqhaza elibalulekile lezinyunyana emibuthanweni yezenhlalo yaseQuebec. "Ngohulumeni wethu obambe iqhaza e-Ottawa," kusho uPoirier, "i-ajenda eqhubekayo ayinakwenzeka ngokuphelele njengamanje." Noma kunjalo, waqhubeka echaza indlela ethuthukisiwe, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-U.S., ukuthi kusukela maphakathi nawo-1980, izinyunyana zaseQuebec zasebenzisa izikhwama zazo zempesheni ukuze zisekele ukukhula komnotho wezenhlalakahle owawusiza izidingo eziyisisekelo zabantu. Abanye emhlanganweni wokucobelelana ngolwazi baveze ezinye zezinkinga โngezinyunyana zamabhizinisiโ e-US, kodwa baphawula ukuthi manje sekunezikhala zokuvula umsebenzi mayelana nezinkinga ezibanzi. Bonke bavumelene ngokuthi izishoshovu ze-SEN kufanele zithathe I-Fight for Employee Free Choice Act ezayo i-GOP Right ezama ukuyivimba.
Imifelandawonye yabasebenzi iwumgogodla womnotho wobumbano. Enye ishabhu yaxoxa ngamaphrojekthi ambalwa eBronx naseDolobheni laseNew York. Umhlanganyeli womhlangano wokucobelelana ngolwazi uBucket von Harmony, oyilungu lehhoko lasemaphandleni eVirginia, ubike:
"Sifunde ukuthi bangaki abasebenzi bokufika eDolobheni laseNew York abaphathwa kabi abaqashi babo. Ngakho iqembu labantu lahlangana lakha amaqoqo ahlukahlukene: i-co-op yokunakekela izingane, i-co-op yokwakha, ne-co-op yokuhlanza indlu. Ngamunye unezakhiwo ezahlukene.Omunye udinga ukuthi wonke umuntu enze umsebenzi wokumaketha amahora angu-2 ngesonto.I-co-op yezokwakha inika abesifazane ithuba lokubamba iqhaza ekwakheni ababengakwazi ukufinyelela kukho ngaphambilini futhi bonke bakhokhelana ngokulinganayo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenzekani. Kuhle kakhulu ukubona ukuthi ukwabelana kanye nokubambisana kungenza ngcono kanjani izimpilo zalabo abakuthola kunzima kakhulu ukuphila, njengoba umnyakazo wethu uhlanganiswe nalabo abaye baba nelungelo elikhulu esikweni elivamile. "
Izinyunyana zezikweletu nazo ziyisici somnotho wobumbano. Umhlangano wokucobelelana ngolwazi, othi, โUmhlahlandlela Wohlelo Olungcono Lwamabhange,โ obuhlelwe yi-Federation of Community Development Credit Unions, uveze ukuthi bathinteke kanjani ngenxa yenkinga yezimali, lapho isikhungo sabo sikazwelonke sibanjwa yizibambiso, okwakuthiwa ziphephile i-AAA investments. ngempela zazisekelwe ezikweletini ezinobuthi. "Sizoshaya into ecokeme," kusho uCliff Rosenthal, "kodwa sizodlula kukho kangcono kunabanye." Uqhubekile wachaza ukubaluleka kwezinyunyana zezikweleti, zona ngokwazo ama-coop, ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo zezimali zabasebenzi bendawo kanye nama co-operatives asemphakathini.
U-Rosenthal uphinde wahola emhlanganweni wangoMgqibelo kusihlwa ngenguqulo emfushane yomhlangano wokusebenzela. Kodwa indima yezinyunyana ezibolekisa ngemali yabonakala nakwabanye abethuli ababenaye: uVan Temple weNational Community Land Trust, esebenzela ukwakha izindlu ezingabizi kakhulu emhlabeni ophethwe umphakathi; kanye no-Nick Regalado we-West Virginia's Coal River Mountain Watch, ekhuthaza amapulazi omshini womoya futhi ephikisana nendlela "yokususwa kwentaba" yokuhlubula amalahle okumba amalahle acekela phansi izindawo eziphakeme zase-Appalachian. Lesi seshini siphethe ngocingo lukaJulio Chavez, owayengumeya waseTrujillo, eVenezuela lokubambisana okukhulu namazwe ngamazwe, kanye nobumbano nenqubo yokuguquguquka yaseBolivia eyenzeka ezweni lakhe.
I-cabaret yesiko lobumbano ivale kusihlwa ngamandla aphezulu. Okokuqala kwakunguRaging Grannies, iqembu elimibalabala elenza amaculo okuthula nesintu, kanye nenani labaculi bomdabu okuhlanganisa iRed Valley Fog, Jay Mankita kanye no-Ethan Miller. "I-Brick by Brick", iqembu le-hip-hop ledolobha langaphakathi lashintsha ijubane ngezinkondlo ze-rap ezabhalwa ngalolo suku, laba nomdlandla omkhulu. Ekugcineni, iqembu lamagama akhulunywayo lafundwa ekubhalweni nasenkulumweni yabaholi bezabasebenzi abadumile phakathi neminyaka eyi-150, futhi laphetha ngokuthi wonke umuntu omile, ecula inguqulo evusa amadlingozi ethi "Solidarity Forever." Phakathi komakadebona abanezinwele ezimpunga ezimpini zabasebenzi ngeminyaka yawo-1970, akuzange kutholakale iso elomile.
ISonto bekuwusuku lokusonga, njengoba abantu belungiselela ukubamba izindiza. Umzuliswano wokugcina wezinkundla zokucobelelana ngolwazi ube nenye yeMihlangano Elinganayo eholwa nguBucket von Harmony, nenye ethi "Women Feminism and the Solidarity Economy" no-Ethel Cote, uJulie Matthaei, kanye noNedda Angulo we-RIPESS. U-Angulo unikeze umhlangano wokugcina isimemezelo sezempi sokwandisa umsebenzi kuwo wonke amazwekazi, nokukhuthaza labo abangase bakwazi ukuhambela umhlangano we-RIPESS ozayo e-Luxembourg.
Kuyo yonke ingqungquthela, i-SEN ibe "nemihlangano yebhizinisi" emithathu ngomsebenzi wokwakha inhlangano kanye nenethiwekhi ebanzi. Ivumile ukwakha ibhodi entsha yabaqondisi kanye nekomiti elincane lokuxhumanisa, kanye nokubeka ezinye izinto ezibalulekile kanye nokucwenga umyalezo nomsebenzi wayo. U-Yvon Poirier waseQuebec wafingqa lesi siphetho:
"Emuva ngoJuni 2007, e-Atlanta, kwakunabantu abangaba ngu-40 emhlanganweni wokugcina, phakathi kwama-workshops angu-80, abanquma ukuya phambili. Manje sekunabantu abangaba ngu-350 noma 400 e-US abazi okuningi, futhi ngokuqinisekile unentshisekelo ngandlela thize, ekukhuthazeni iSolidarity Economy." Ngezinsizakusebenza eziyindlala, ngeke kube umsebenzi olula. Kepha izikhathi ziyakudinga, futhi uma abantu ababuthene e-Amherst beyinkomba, bazosukuma basukume.
[UCarl Davidson uyilungu leKomidi Lokuxhumanisa le-SEN, kanye nomphathi wewebhu we-SolidarityEconomy.net kanye ne-โProgressives for Obamaโ. Uphinde abe yilungu leKomidi Likazwelonke lamaKomidi Ezincwadi Ezibhalela Intando Yeningi Nezenhlalakahle, http://cc-ds.org Uma uthanda lesi sihloko, vakashela ku- http://progressivesforobama.net futhi usebenzise inkinobho ye-PayPal.]
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela