Anthony Arnove, umhlanganyeli ka-Howard Zinn kumaphrojekthi afana nencwadi Amazwi Omlando Wabantu wase-United States kanye nedokhumentari The People Khuluma, ithulela isigqoko umngane onomuzwa wobunye nenjabulo ekuphileni wawuthathelwana.
UKUQOPHA idokhumentari yethu The People Khuluma eBoston ngenye intambama, u-Howard wathi ubudlelwano phakathi kwabalingisi bethu, umuzwa wenjongo ehlangene kanye nenjabulo, kwakuwumuzwa ayengakaze abe nawo ngomfutho onjalo kusukela ekubambeni kwakhe iqhaza okukhulu embuthweni wamalungelo abantu.
Selokhu kwashona u-Howard, ngiye ngacabanga kaningi ngaleso sikhathi, okungicacela ukuthi yini emenze waba yisibonelo esiphoqayo somuntu ozibophezele kuye, futhi wajabulela ngokugcwele, impilo yomzabalazo.
U-Howard ungene emzabalazweni wamalungelo omphakathi njengomhlanganyeli okhuthele, hhayi nje njengomhlaziyi noma umbukeli. Wanquma ukuthi iphuzu lokufunda umlando akukona ukubhala amaphepha nokuhambela izingqungquthela, kodwa ukuqopha umlando, ukusiza ukwazisa imizabalazo ukushintsha umhlaba.
Waxoshwa e-Spelman College ngenxa yalokho, futhi wasinda ngokulambisa ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi wakhe olandelayo e-Boston University ngeqhaza lakhe ekulweni neMpi YaseVietnam kanye nokweseka abasebenzi ekhempasini.
Lapho kunomzuzu wokuphumula ngemva kokuphela kweMpi YaseVietnam, uHoward akazange abuyele ezifundweni zezemfundo, noma abuyele ngaphakathi, njengoba kwakwenziwe ezinye izishoshovu eziningi zama-1960, kodwa waqala ukubhala imidlalo, eqonda ukubaluleka kwenkulumo yamasiko ukuqonda nokushintsha kwezepolitiki.
Waqala nokubhala Umlando Wabantu We-United States, eyaphuma ngo-1980, lapho nje isimo sasishintsha ngokumelene nezinhlangano eziqinile zezenhlalo ayesize ekuzihleleni. Umlando Wabantu izohlinzeka ngokuphikisana okuthuthukile futhi kwakhula, njengoba othisha, izishoshovu kanye nesizukulwane esilandelayo sezinhlangano zomphakathi bakha imizamo emisha yezombangazwe. NoHoward wayekhona ezolwa nabo.
Kuyo yonke le minyaka, usikhumbuza ngomlando wokushintsha kwezenhlalo kuleli, futhi ubelokhu ebuyela ezifundweni ezibalulekile okubonakala sivame ukuzikhohlwa. noma udinga ukufunda kabusha. Lolo shintsho luvela ngezansi. Leyo nqubekela phambili iza kuphela nomzabalazo. Ukuthi asikwazi ukuthembela ezikhulwini ezikhethiwe noma kubaholi. Ukuthi kufanele sithembele ekuzihlanganiseni kwethu ndawonye, ukunyakaza komphakathi, ukubhikisha. Lolo shintsho alulokothi lwenzeke ngendlela eqondile, kodwa luhlala luba nokwehla nokwenyuka, ama-twist kanye namajika. Ukuthi azikho iziqinisekiso emlandweni.
Kodwa u-Howard wengeza isici esihlukile kulezi zimpikiswano ngokuhlanganisa ukuqonda ukuthi inqubo yomzabalazo, ulwazi olwabiwe lokuba yingxenye yomsebenzi kanye nabanye, ukuphila okuzuzisa kakhulu, okugculisayo futhi okunenjongo umuntu angaphila. Umuzwa wobumbano ayenawo nabantu emzabalazweni kanye nomuzwa wenjabulo ayenayo ekuphileni wawuthathelana.
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UMFANEKISO oshiwo yisiko lethu ngakwesobunxele, ikakhulukazi kwesokunxele, wukuthi alinamahlaya, alinawo amasiko, asekelwe ekuzideleni nasekuzilandeleni. U-Howard waphula le caricature elula.
Izinkulumo zikaHoward zazifana nengoma kaLenny Bruce, enemigqa yokubhoboza eyayiletha ukubonwa komphakathi okujulile. Umdlalo wakhe I-Marx e-Soho iyakwazi ukubuyisa i-Marxism ngesikhathi esisodwa kubagxeki bayo bonxiwankulu kanye nabahlanekezeli bayo bo-Stalinist, kuyilapho yehlisa indlu ngamahlaya angokoqobo avusa u-Sid Caesar kanye no-Zero Mostel.
Ubuye ephindelela ezingxoxweni ngokubaluleka komculo, imidlalo yeshashalazi, ifilimu, izincwadi kanye nobuciko ekuguqukeni kwezepolitiki. Lapho ekhuluma ngoshintsho lwakhe kwezombusazwe, uHoward wayevame ukuvusa uWoody Guthrie, uCharles Dickens, uDalton Trumbo, u-Alice Walker (owayengumfundi wakhe) kanye noMarge Piercy.
Wayejabulela izimbaza, ukudla kwase-Italy, iwayini, inkampani yabangane, amaholide. Futhi ikakhulukazi wayethanda isikhathi nomndeni wakhe, uRoz, umlingani wakhe wempilo, izingane zakhe ezimbili nabazukulu abahlanu.
Kufanele sigweme i-hagiography, noma kunjalo. UHoward wayengeyena ungcwele. Akekho kithi. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi noma yikuphi ukuguquguquka esikwenzayo, kufanele kwenziwe nabantu njengoba benjalo, nakho konke ukuphikisana okuhambisana nokuphila ngaphansi konxiwankulu. Ayikho enye indlela yokuthi kwenzeke. Kodwa ngesikhathi sokuzama ukushintsha umhlaba nabanye, siyazishintsha, bese kuvela amathuba amasha.
Kuyinkinga ukuthi abanxele e-United States nasezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba namuhla bathembele kakhulu kubaholi abambalwa abanekhono, abavame ukuphakanyiswa phezulu noma bahlukaniswe nokunyakaza abayingxenye yabo. Izizathu ziningi. Abanye abantu bayalima noma babambe iqhaza kulokhu kuguquguquka, kunjalo, kepha uHoward wayengeyena omunye wabo.
Kukhona, ngezikhathi ezithile, abantu abakwazi ukucacisa izinhloso noma imigomo yokunyakaza ngendlela ephoqelela ngokukhethekile. Ubani ongahlanganisa inani elikhulu labantu ukuthi bathathe isenzo esithile noma, esimweni sika-Howard, azibophezele impilo yonke kubushoshovu. Kodwa abantu abanjalo abakwazi ukuthatha indawo yenhlangano. U-Eugene Debs, owayiqonda kahle le nkinga, wakubeka ngalendlela, kanye: “Angisiye uMose ukuba anihole niphume ehlane…ngoba uma nginganikhipha, omunye angaphinde aningenise futhi.”
Lowo kwakuwumoya kaHoward: zicabangele wena, zenzele wena, inselele futhi ubuze igunya. Kodwa kwenze nabanye. Njengoba ebhala I-Marx e-Soho, "Uma uzophula umthetho, kwenze nabantu abayizinkulungwane ezimbili ... kanye noMozart."
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela