(Cairo)—Emashumini eminyaka adlule, izinhlolovo eziningi ziye zabonisa ukuthi iningi labantu baseGibhithe lifuna kusetshenziswe i-shari'a—noma izimiso zamaSulumane—ezingxenyeni ezithile zesimiso sezomthetho sezwe labo. Umthethosisekelo wase-Egypt ubonisa lokhu: Isigaba sesi-2 somthethosisekelo sithi i-shari'a ingumthombo oyinhloko womthetho.
Ngisho nokusekelwa okudumile i-Article 2 enakho e-Egypt, nayo ibe umthombo wempikiswano eshubile. Amazwi avela emphakathini wama-Coptic Orthodox Christian e-Egypt, okwenza amaphesenti angu-12 abantu, aphikisana nalokho akubona njengokucwaswa kwabantu abangewona amaSulumane kulesi sihloko. Abashisekeli benkolo yamalungelo abantu kanye nezishoshovu ezisekela intando yeningi bazwakalisa imibono efanayo, bethi ukusetshenziswa komthetho wamaSulumane akuhambisani nentando yeningi, abathi kungaba khona kuphela ezweni elingekho emthethweni.
Ngokwesibonelo, babhekisela emacaleni ayizinkantolo aphikisanayo ahilela umthetho womndeni wase-Egypt—engxenye ethile elawulwa umthetho wamaSulumane, kanye nemingcele yokwakha amasonto nombuzo wokuthi umCopt angaba yini umongameli. Babona lezi zibonelo njengezizathu zokukhawulela indima yomthetho wamaSulumane kunqubomgomo yasekhaya, ikakhulukazi njengoba usebenza kwabangewona amaSulumane.
Kepha phakathi kwezinkulumo-mpikiswano zomphakathi ezibandakanya abantu abangakholelwa kuzwelonke kanye nezishoshovu zamaCoptic, ngakolunye uhlangothi, namaqembu ezepolitiki amaSulumane - ikakhulukazi iMuslim Brotherhood, evame ukuba sobala kwabezindaba uma kukhulunywa ngomthetho wamaSulumane - ngakolunye, kukhona. enye indlela ephakathi. Ngale ndlela emaphakathi imiqondo ye-shari'a, intando yeningi kanye ne-secularism izoba khona ngokuhambisana njengengxenye yesistimu yezombangazwe ebumbene, ngaphandle kokuyekethisa izimiso eziyisisekelo zanoma yimiphi imiqondo emithathu.
Abameli balolu hlelo bakholelwa ekubuseni kwabantu nasekuphakameni komthetho, futhi banomuzwa wokuthi abashayamthetho kufanele bakhethwe ngabantu. Basawubona umthetho wamaSulumane njengohlaka lwezinkomba inqobo nje uma wemukelwe yiningi ngenqubo yomphakathi lapho izikhulu ezikhethiwe zinezwi lokugcina. Le ndlela ingahluka kwezinye izindlela, njenge-Muslim Brotherhood, edinga imvume yezazi zezenkolo ngaphambi kokuba kuphasiswe imithetho.
Ngokuhambisana naleyo migqa, i-Egypt kufanele ihlele imodeli yayo ngokuhambisana nomlando wayo, isiko kanye, ngaphezu kwakho konke, intando yabantu bayo. Intando yeningi kanye nezwe kwamukelwa ngezindlela ezahlukene ezizweni ezahlukene: amamodeli aseFrance naseTurkey, alawula ngokuqinile inkolo empilweni yomphakathi ukuze kulondolozwe intando yeningi, ahlukile ohlelweni lwase-US, lapho inkolo inethonya elikhulu kwezombusazwe. Kulezi zibonelo ubudlelwano obuyingqayizivele phakathi kwenkolo nohlelo lwezombangazwe bufanelana nezimpawu zesizwe esithile.
Ngaphakathi kwalolu hlaka, idlanzana lamaKristu e-Egypt kufanele libe nelungelo lawo wonke amalungelo abantu abambalwa abawajabulela emibusweni yentando yeningi, njengelungelo lokungenela ukhetho lukamongameli nolwephalamende, ilungelo lokwethula imithetho ephalamende ephalamende kanye nelungelo lokulingana phambi komthetho. Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi bazonikezwa zonke izimfuno zabo, njengokususa iSigaba 2 kumthethosisekelo waseGibhithe, okuyisicelo esizosusa ukucasuka kweningi futhi sibhebhethekise ukungezwani kwamahlelo.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ayikho intando yeningi zonke izicelo eziyidlanzana ezifeziwe. Isibonelo, ukuvinjelwa kwe-hijab (i-headscarf) ezikoleni e-France kuphambene nezifiso zezwe elincane lamaSulumane, kodwa kwasekelwa abenzi bomthetho baseFrance abakhethiwe.
Enye yezinkinga ezingokomfanekiso uma kukhulunywa ngobudlelwano phakathi kwamalungelo abantu abambalwa kanye nomthetho wamaSulumane e-Egypt ukuthi i-Copt ingase ingenele yini isikhundla sikamongameli. Uma i-Copt ifuna ukungenela isikhundla sikamongameli wase-Egypt, kufanele ibe nelungelo, ithembise ukuhambisana nemithetho yaseGibhithe kanye nentando yeningi. Kuzoshiyelwa kubantu ukuthi bamkhethe noma cha.
Ngokuphambene nalokho abaningi abangase bakucabange, akuyona i-shari'a emi endleleni. Kukhona ukuhunyushwa kwe-shari'a ethola isikhundla sikamongameli, esikhathini samanje, njengesikhundla somphakathi esinganikezi umengameli ukuthi athathe izinqumo ezinkulu ngaphandle uma zihambisana nentando yabantu kanye nezindinganiso zezwe.
Yisimo samanje sezombusazwe sase-Egypt—hhayi i-shari’a—esivimbele noma ubani, ngaphandle kukaMongameli u-Hosni Mubarak—noma ngabe umSulumane noma umKrestu—ukuba athathe isikhundla sobumongameli kule minyaka engu-28 edlule. Intando yeningi ayikagxili e-Egypt.
AmaCopt kufanele aqhubeke nokulwela amalungelo awo, kodwa ngaphandle kokwephula izindinganiso zabaningi ngokucela ukususwa kwezimiso zamaSulumane kwezombusazwe ngokuphelele. Inqubekelaphambili yentando yeningi e-Egypt ayidingi ukususwa kwe-shari'a, ingxenye ebalulekile yobunikazi bezwe, kodwa idinga ukuguqulwa kohlelo olukhona kanye namalungelo athuthukisiwe kubantu abambalwa bezwe.
AmaCopt namaSulumane kufanele bahlangane ekubizeni kwabo intando yeningi. Ndawonye, bangaholela iGibhithe kumodeli esebenzela isiko nomphakathi wezwe oyingqayizivele, futhi eqinisekisa inkululeko yawo wonke umuntu.
USara Khorshid uyintatheli yaseGibhithe eshicilelwe emhlabeni jikelele ekhuluma ngezombusazwe, amasiko kanye nomphakathi waseGibhithe kanye nomhlaba wamaSulumane, kanye nobudlelwane bamaSulumane naseNtshonalanga. Lesi sihloko siyingxenye yochungechunge oluphathelene nomthetho wamaSulumane kanye nabancane abangewona amaSulumane olubhalelwe i-Common Ground News Service (CGNews).
Umthombo: Isevisi Yezindaba Ezivamile (CGNews), 2 February 2010, www.commongroundnews.org
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Nikela