Kuleli sonto, eWashington, DC, oMengameli u-Obama kanye noKarzai bazoxoxa ngeSivumelwano Sokuphepha esihlongozwayo phakathi kwe-Afghanistan ne-United States. Ngokunokwenzeka, bazoqaphela ezinye zezinkinga ezinkulu zokuphepha i-Afghanistan ebhekene nazo.
Abantu base-Afghanistan babone kuphela ukuthuthuka kwezimonyo ezimweni zabo zokuphila. I-UNICEF ibika ukuthi u-36% wabantu udla imbuya ngothi futhi izingane ezingaphezu kwesigidi ziyahlupheka ukungondleki okukhulu. Ngokwezibalo ezitholakalayo zeBhange Lomhlaba, cishe abantu abangamaphesenti angu-73 e-Afghanistan abawatholi amanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile futhi abangamaphesenti angu-95 abanazo izindlu zangasese ezanele. Ukufinyelela okulinganiselwe ezikhungweni zezokwelapha kanye nokungabikho kolwazi, amakhono, kanye nekhono lokuphatha ngempumelelo lezi zifo zohudo ngokuvamile kuholela ekufeni kwezingane ezingu-48,545 unyaka ngamunye - cishe izingane ezingu-133 ngosuku.
E-Kabul nasezindaweni ezizungezile kuphela, kukhona okulinganiselwe Bangu-35,000 ababaleki abafudukele ngaphakathi, abahlala emakamu angu-50. Sizibonile izimo ezimbi lapho futhi sahamba sinamahloni ngezingubo zethu ezifudumele kanye nokufinyelela kalula kokudla namanzi aphuzwayo.
IKabul ibonakala ivikelekile, kepha โiyibhamuzaโ elintekenteke lapho abantu bezizwa besusiwe ekulweni, uma kuqhathaniswa nezindawo zezwe ezihlaselwe ukuhlaselwa okuvamile kweTaliban kanye ne-NATO/ISAF. Umngane wethu osemusha wePashto ukhulume nathi ngokukhungatheka, izolo, mayelana nokuthi kuncane kangakanani abantu baseKabul abanokuqonda kwabantu esifundazweni sakhe, okuthiwa i-Wardak, lapho abantu behlala ngokwesaba njalo ukuhlaselwa ngama-drone kanye nokuhlasela ebusuku.
Sihlala lapha e-Kabul, njengezihambeli zamavolontiya okuthula ase-Afghan. Owake waba yithimba leVoices, wase-UK, ucele umngani wethu u-Raz Mohammed ukuthi aphendule, engxoxweni yevidiyo, imibuzo embalwa mayelana nezimo esifundazweni sakhe.
Umlayezo kaRaz kohulumeni base-US nase-UK ukuthi ufisa sengathi bangaphinde bazizwe bengabantu. Sabelana ngokukhungatheka kuka-Raz ngokunganaki izici ezibalulekile zokuphepha e-Afghanistan, okuhlanganisa ukulethwa kokunakekelwa kwezempilo, imfundo, ukuvikeleka kokudla, nendawo yokuhlala.
I-US Congress ibonakala ingakholelwa ezixazululweni ezingezona ezezempi. Amandla aphethe lapha, kanye nabezindaba zaseNtshonalanga, baveza isithombe esizuzisa abambalwa kodwa inkimbinkimbi yezempi neyezimboni yesizwe ngasinye esibamba iqhaza. Kule minyaka eyishumi edlule yokusebenza, i-United States ibingase ithathe isibopho sokusiza ukusungula umnotho osimeme nengqalasizinda. Ngo-Okthoba 2012, ihhovisi likaSpecial Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction (SIGAR) likhiphe umbiko walo we-17 kanye nowakamuva wokwakha kabusha, ngokusho kwawo ngemuva kweminyaka eyishumi ukusetshenziswa kwemali kukahulumeni wase-Afghanistan manje sekusondele ku- $ 100 billion mark. Nokho amabutho ase-US azoshiya ngemuva izigidi eziningi zabantu abakhathele yimpi, abakhathele futhi abaphelelwe yithemba kwezomnotho.
U-Ahmed Rashid, umhlaziyi wasePakistan owasekela ukungenelela kwezempi yase-US ngo-2001, muva nje ukhiphe ukugxeka okuqinile kokungenelela kwe-US. "I-United States yazi indlela eyodwa yokungenelela futhi leyo ingeyamasosha," kusho uRashid. "Konke kuncike ezikhalini ezidonsiwe."
URashid uphakamisa enye indlela abezoyincoma, ekhumbula izincomo yena nabanye abacwaningi abazenza esikhungweni se-USAID ngo-2001:
Sibatshele ukuthi eminyakeni eyi-10 ezayo i-United States kufanele yenze ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-5 atholakale e-Afghanistan minyaka yonke - eyanele ukuvuselela umnotho, ukutshala engqalasizinda nokwakha kabusha imfundo nempilo. Izwe lomhlaba wesithathu njenge-Afghanistan alikwazanga ukumunca ngaphezu kwalezi zigidigidi ezinhlanu. Izigidigidi ezinhlanu zazingamakinati ngaleso sikhathi. Kwangena imali eningi kodwa yangena ezintweni ezingalungile, njengokukhokhela izinduna zempi. Kube nokutshalwa kwezimali okwanele kwengqalasizinda kwaze kwadlula isikhathi eside, kwaphinde kwaba okufanayo ekwakheni umnotho ozimele kanye nezolimo. Siphakamise ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kwezolimo, njengoba i-Afghanistan iyizwe labalimi. Kuze kube ngu-2010 akukho lutho olwabiwe.
Kodwa-ke i-US iyaqhubeka nokutshala imali kumaphrojekthi wezempi okungenzeka abhebhethekise futhi aqhubekisele phambili impi e-Afghanistan. Cabanga, ngokwesibonelo, ukwakhiwa "kwenkambi" entsha ephethwe ngasese futhi eqhutshwa ngasese yamahektha ayi-10 emaphethelweni e-Kabul, "Camp Integrity."
Ezokwakha zigadwe yinkampani ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Academi," eyayaziwa ngokuthi iBlackwater, inkampani eyaduma ngokugwetshwa kwangaphambili kwabasebenzi ababeke bagwetshwa. weba izikhali kusukela ebuthweni lezempi laseMelika kanye wabulala izakhamuzi zase-Afghan. I-Academi iklonyeliswe ngenkontileka yokungabhidi yiPentagon yokwakha inqolobane yezikhali enezivikelo eziqinile, indawo yokuthela uphethiloli, indawo yokulungisa izimoto, izindawo zokuhlala zamaphoyisa, indawo yamahhovisi, kanye nesikhungo sokuqeqesha esizohlalisa amasosha ayizi-7,000, okuhlanganisa ne-Special Operations Forces. . Ihlelelwe ukuthi inakekelwe kuze kube okungenani i-2015, "I-Camp Integrity" ikhombisa ukuthi Imisebenzi Ekhethekile kanye nemisebenzi Yokulwa Nobuphekula izoqhubeka e-Afghanistan, ngekusasa elibonakalayo.
Lapho kukhululwa incwadi yakhe yesikhumbuzo, ngaphambi nje kokuba uMongameli wase-Afghanistan uHamid Karzai aqale ukuvakashela e-US, Jikelele uStanley McChrystal, owayengumkhuzi wamasosha omfelandawonye kanye nomakhi wenqubomgomo, uthe unomuzwa wokuthi i-US "inomthwalo wemfanelo ongokomzwelo" wokugcina amasosha aqhubekayo e-Afghanistan. Uqhathanise amabutho ase-US nokuba khona kwabazali. Wathi: โNjengomuntu osemusha, awufuni ngempela abazali bakho bahlale eduze kwakho, kodwa .. uyathanda ukwazi uma izinto zingahambi kahle, bazosiza. , kodwa badinga ukwazi ukuthi bangayethemba iMelika." Kuyasiza ukuhlobanisa umbono kaMcChrystal wokusebenzelana kwase-US phakathi kwe-United States nezakhamuzi zase-Afghan ngokulandisa mathupha mayelana nokugasela kwasebusuku uMcChrystal akuphayona ngesikhathi sokubusa kwakhe. Neil Shea, intatheli egxilile, ibhala ngamasosha aseMelika ayehambe nawo phakathi nokuhlasela ebusuku. โBekungamadoda abejabulela ukubhidliza izindlu zase-Afghan, amadoda adubula izinja ebusweni,โ kusho uShea.
Baphihliza amafasitela neshayina, baphihliza ifenisha, bawisa izakhamuzi phansi. Ngaphambilini ngalolo suku, babeqhumise isakhiwo. Badlula ezindlini zase-Afghan futhi bashiya ukucekelwa phansi kangangokuthi abalingani babo be-ANA (Afghanistan National Army) baqale bazama ukubavimba, base becasuka, bathukuthela. . . .
Umakadebona wempi yase-US e-Afghanistan, UGraham Clumpner, uzizwa ezisola ngokugasela kwakhe ebusuku. "Sasibona futhi ukuthi lapho singena ekhaya, ngisho noma lalingekho iphekula ngaphambili, lalikhona lapho sihamba," ephawula. "Futhi besisusa sonke isibalo sabantu ngokuba khona kwethu." U-Clumpner manje uyenqaba noma yikuphi ukuzihlanganisa nempi.
Asikwazi ukuzibamba kodwa siyazibuza, uma ngabe amalungu angaphambili eqembu u-Neil Shea abhala ngaye manje angase afune ukuvikeleka komsebenzi enkampanini ye-Academi.
I-Camp Integrity ikhuthazwa njengendlela yokulwa nobuphekula nokwakha intando yeningi.
Asinaso isiqiniseko sokuthi singayiveza kanjani imithwalo yemfanelo yomphakathi wase-US jikelele ngase-Afghanistan. "Siyaxolisa, siyaxolisa kakhulu," kubonakala njengesiqalo esizwakalayo. Kodwa mayelana nokwakha intando yeningi, sikholelwa ukuthi intando yeningi isekelwe emfundweni eholela ezakhamuzini zomhlaba eziqaphelayo, ezinozwelo, nezizibandakanyayo. Lapho imibiko yabezindaba evamile inaka usizi, indlala, ukudangala, intukuthelo, nokwesaba okuzwiwa izigidi zabantu base-Afghan, noma lapho abantu base-US bephikelela ngokuthi kufanele babe nemibiko ebanzi nokuhlaziya, kanye nokuziphendulela okukhulu ngeminikelo yabo yentela, sizobe Ngizozwa ukuthi intando yeningi iyakhiwa kabusha e-US.
Abantu base-Afghan nabaseMelika badinga umkhuba ohlukile wokuphepha obhekana nezidingo eziyisisekelo kanye nezinkinga zezimpande. Kudingeka sikhalele izwe elingcono.
Kathy Kelly ([i-imeyili ivikelwe]) noMartha Hennessy ([i-imeyili ivikelwe]) bebelokhu behlala e-Kabul kusukela ngomhla ka-20 Disemba 2012. Bamele i-Voices for Creative Nonviolence (www.vcnv.org) futhi bayizivakashi zamaVolontiya Okuthula Afghan (ourjourneytosmile.com).
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela