23 January 2005
Sawubona u-Alex,
Ngiyabonga nge impendulo yakho kuya impendulo yami. Sixoxa ngezindaba ezibalulekile lapha. Ngeshwa, ngicabanga ukuthi usuphendukele kumaqhinga okuphoxeka okudabukisayo. Ake ngibhekane nalezo kafushane ngaphambi kokukhuluma ngezindaba ezibalulekile.
Uqala ngokuzama ukungigcona ngokuhlanekezela engikubhalile. Ngabe ngishilo ukuthi ngifuna "Fundisaโ izingxenye zenhlangano yaseNtshonalanga emelene nama impiriyali, njll., ukubhuqa kwakho mayelana โnenhloso yami yokufundisaโ okusolwayo bekuyoqinisekiswa. Kodwa engikubhalile empeleni ukuthi bengifuna โuxwayisaโ lezo zigaba - njengabafowethu nodadewethu emzabalazweni, hhayi njengezingane kanye nabafundi - ngokumelene nalokho engangikuthatha njengephutha elibi kakhulu lokwahlulela ngesimo sase-Iraq. Akuwona yini umsebenzi wawo wonke umuntu ozinikele ekwakheni umbutho ukuthi awuxwayise ngezihibe umuntu azibona ziseza, ikakhulukazi ezindabeni nasezindaweni lapho umuntu angasho ngokusemthethweni ukuthi unolwazi oluthile lwangaphakathi?
Impikiswano esemqoka ekubhaleni kwakho kabusha, mayelana nokhetho, isimangalo sakho sokuthi awubhalanga ukuthi ngeke kube ngokomthetho, kodwa kuphela ukuthi ngeke kuveze โintando yeningi esemthethweni. umbusoโ โ ngokugcizelela okusha โkumbuso.โ Bese uyachaza (ngishiya isitayela eceleni) ukuthi ubuqonde ukuthi โuBush nombusi wakhe uJohn Negroponte [ngeke] banikele ukulawula izwe emhlanganweni odumile ngemva kokhetho.โ
Ukube yilokho ngempela enikubhalile futhi enikushilo, ngokuqinisekile bengingeke ngiphikise, njengoba ngase ngibhale kakade esihlokweni sami sokuqala, leso owawusabela kuso: โIzokwenzani iWashington ngemva kokhetho lwango-January 30? Kunzima ukubikezela. Ukuphatha kukaBush kunenjongo ecacile yamasu: ukuvikela ukulawula i-Iraq isikhathi eside. " Nganezela ukuthi bangase basebenzise, โโuma bebhekene nomhlangano ofuna ukuba baphume, baqophe izwe ngamahlelo enkolo nezinhlanga ngokuvumelana nenqubo yombuso evivinyiwe neyiqiniso โyokuhlukanisa nokubusa.โ
Kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi ucaphune umusho owodwa kuphela kulokho okubhale encwadini yakho edlule, kuyilapho mina ngiphawule ngayo yonke impikiswano. Empeleni ubhale: โKodwa ingabe ukhetho luzokhiqiza umbuso wentando yeningi osemthethweni e-Iraq? Cha, njengoba benza e-Afghanistan. Umsebenzi uzoqhubeka. Umbuso wopopayi usazosebenza.โ [kugcizelelwe]
Akudingeki ukuthi umuntu abe uchwepheshe wefilosofi ukuze aqonde ukuthi ubuqonde (kuphela) ukuthi kuzoba nomsebenzi oqhubekayo nokulawulwa kwezwe yi-US, kodwa ukuthi "umbuso wopopayi" uzohlala esikhundleni. I-Iraqi elingana nalokho okukhona e-Afghanistan uhulumeni wase-Allawi. Kodwa uma uhlu luka-Allawi belunga โwinaโ ukhetho njengoba kwenza u-Karzai e-Afghanistan, bekungeke kube nokungabaza engqondweni yanoma ubani ukuthi lolu khetho luzobe lungekho emthethweni (luqinisiwe, noma yini) ngenxa yalokho okwaziwayo ngesimo sama-Iraqi. Inani labantu base-Arab. Khona-ke ngokushesha ngemva kwalokhu kugomela kwe-absolutist, ubhala:
"Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma kunevoti eliyiqiniso elidumile ekupheleni kukaJanuwari, inhlangano emelene nempi kufanele ifune ukuthi abantu baseMelika nabalingani babo bahoxe ngokushesha, ukuvumela umhlangano omusha ukuthi ukhethe uhulumeni obonisa izifiso zangempela zabantu base-Iraq.โ [kugcizelelwe]
Ngakho ikuphi? Ukuqhubeka okuqinisekisiwe kombuso wopopayi noma uhulumeni okhombisa izifiso zangempela zabantu base-Iraq? Awukuboni ukungahambisani lapha?
Ngikuqaphela ngenjabulo lokho okubhalayo mayelana nesimo owasithatha eBrithani mayelana nezinhlobo ezithile zodlame olunecala e-Iraq. Noma yikuphi ukungabaza ngalokho bekungaba khona endaweni yami, njengoba ngisebenzisana ngokugcwele nomzabalazo wenu wokulwa nama impiriyali nohulumeni kaBlair. Okubalulekile ngokubona kwami โโukuthi ukuma kwakho ekuphikiseni e-Iraq, noma ngabe kusha noma kuvumelana kwasekuqaleni, kuqondana kakhulu nalokhu engikuvezile. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yalokho kanye nalokho okushoyo mayelana nokhetho encwadini yakho yakamuva - lapho uvuma ukuthi "ukubamba iqhaza (ngokwesisekelo sokuphikisa umsebenzi) kufana nokumelana nezikhali, impendulo esemthethweni yezepolitiki.โ โ โukwethukaโ okuzwile lapho ufunda isihloko sami sokuqala kanye nesifiso owaba naso sokubhala incwadi esisolayo, kubonakala manje sesinqotshiwe kakhulu. Ukuthi ngibe nesandla kulo mphumela akusesibili.
Kodwa ake ngiqhubeke. Ukholelwa ukuthi izenzo ezihlomile e-Iraq zisebenza kangcono kunokunyakaza kwamaShia. Ngicela ukwehluka, njengoba besho ngesiNgisi samakhosi. Ukube iWashington ibibhekana nokuvukela umbuso okuhlomile phakathi kwamaSunni (20% wabantu) futhi yasekelwa amaShia (60%) kanye namaKurds (amanye ama-20%), ingabe ucabanga ukuthi ngeke ikwazi? ukuchoboza abavukeli - ngisho noma lokho kwakusho ama-Fallujas ambalwa noma okubi nakakhulu? Ngakolunye uhlangothi, noma ngabe bekungekho nhlobo ukuvukela umbuso e-Iraq, akusobala yini ukuthi iWashington neLondon bebezoba nayo yonke inkathazo emhlabeni ngokugcina amasosha abo lapho lapho bebhekene nemibhikisho eminingi yabantu ukuze babathole. ngaphandle? Cabanga nje ukuthi ungaba lula kangakanani umsebenzi wakho eBrithani, nomsebenzi wawo wonke umbutho wokulwa nempi e-US nasemhlabeni jikelele - nokuthi ukunyakaza bekungaba yimpumelelo kangakanani - ukube i-Iraq ibibhekene nemibhikisho eminingi yokuxosha amasosha, njengokungathi labo abaketula iShah yase-Iran noma, futhi, labo uSistani ababiza ngoJanuwari 2004, esikhundleni sokubulala ngokungakhethi nokunqunywa amakhanda.
Yebo, lezi yizintandokazi zami. Uyamemezela ukuthi โkubalulekile ukwehlukanisa lokho umuntu akuthandayo kokukhonaโ (yize isu lokuhlanganisa abantu abaningi selisetshenzisiwe e-Iraq). Noma kunjalo, ukuveza okuthandwayo kuyingxenye esemthethweni nedingekayo yalokho okufanele sikwenze njengabalweli bobulungiswa bezenhlalakahle, okungukuthi, sifunde kokuhlangenwe nakho okungokomlando futhi sikhuthaze izinhlobo ezingcono kakhulu zomzabalazo (lezo ezihlanganisa izindleko eziphansi kakhulu ezimpilweni zabantu kanye nokubhujiswa inqobo nje uma ngempumelelo ekufezeni izinhloso zethu ezisemthethweni) ezindaweni ezifanele.
Sengiphetha, ake ngiphendule umbuzo wakho mayelana nesimo sengqondo sikaSistani. Engakubhala ngaye esihlokweni sami sokuqala kufanele kucace ngokwanele. U-Sistani ungumholi we-Islamic obuyisela emuva emphakathini - isigaba lapho abantu ocabanga nabo ngokuvamile beba nokubuyisana kakhulu kunami. Kusobala ukuthi angikwazi ukwabelana ngezinhloso zakhe zamasu. Ubefuna kube nokhetho futhi ufuna kube nohlelo lokuhoxiswa kwamasosha ngoba uzinikele ekubuseni kwabaningi (amaShia) ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwakhe. Impela ngivumelana nokubusa kweningi - njengomthetho waphakade, hhayi njengendlela yokufeza noma yikuphi okungeyona intando yeningi - kodwa nge-ajenda ehluke kakhulu kwezenhlalo nezombusazwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uSistani akayena neze โumuntu omelene nama impiriyaliโ futhi uhlobo lwesimo sengqondo azogcina esinaso nge-US ngokuqinisekile alucacile. Kungakho ngibhale empendulweni yami yangaphambilini kuwe lesi siqephu esibonakala sikudida, nakuba siqondakala kahle:
โNgicela wazi ukuthi nginguye hhayi ethi inhlangano emelene nempi noma i-anti-imperialist esele kufanele isekele ukhetho - inqobo nje uma iWashington ingazami futhi ukulukhansela - futhi kuncane ukuthi kufanele sisekele umphumela wabo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimo zinjani. Ngikhuluma nje akulungile ukuthi inhlangano nenxele igxeke ukhetho ngaphambili, mhlawumbe okusenza singaboni ngaso linye neningi labantu base-Iraqi.โ
Kubonakala manje sesivumelana ngalokho, ngokweneliseka njengoba bese ngishilo. Isimo sengqondo okufanele sithathwe mayelana nalokho okuzophuma okhethweni yinto esizoyichaza ngesikhathi esifanele ngokwezimo eziphathekayo, hhayi ngesisekelo sokuqagela okungenamsebenzi kusengaphambili. Manje usungibuza ngoSistani: โWasebenzisa inkinga yaseNajaf ngo-August ukubekela eceleni uSadr, imbangi yakhe ebaluleke kakhulu kwezombusazwe phakathi kwamaShi'ite. Futhi wema lapho uFalluja ebhentshisiwe. Ngiyazibuza ukuthi kungani ningaphenduli kulokhu engikushilo mayelana nalokhu encwadini yami yokuqala.โ Phela ngase ngibhale okulandelayo ku isihloko sami sokuqala:
โUmzamo wokucekela phansi inhlangano kaMoqtada al-Sadr ufinyelele umvuthwandaba edolobheni lamaShia eNajaf. USistani, ngemuva kokuvumela u-al-Sadr osemncane ukuthi afinyelele esimweni lapho ayesezokwehlulwa kanzima futhi echitha igazi, ngokusobala ukuze amthobe, wangenela ukuze amise ukuhlasela kwe-US futhi ngaleyo ndlela aqinisekise ubuholi bakhe obungenakuphikiswa bomphakathi wamaShia. โ
Ngokuqondene ne-Falluja, ngiyakugxeka nakanjani ukukhishwa kuka-Sistani kwesigamu sesikhathi sokuhlasela kwe-US, uma yilokho ofuna ukukwazi (futhi unokungabaza ngakho!). Nokho, isithombe sonke kufanele sicatshangelwe. Kuyaziwa ukuthi amaShia acindezelwe ngokukhethekile amashumi eminyaka, ngaphezu kwengcindezelo embi etholwa abantu base-Iraqi bebonke ngaphansi kukaSaddam Hussein. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuwa kombuso wamaBaath, baqala ukuqondiswa ngokungakhethi ekuhlaselweni okubulalayo okwakuthiwa amaqembu amaSunni, esebenzisa isilulumagama esinonya sehleloโi-quasi-racistโukuchaza amaShia. Umuntu kufanele avume into eyodwa okungenani: amabutho e-Iraqi Shia, aphefumulelwe uSistani, abe kuze kube manje ukufaneleka okukhulu kokungangeni kulolu gibe futhi angaphindiseli ngohlobo olufanayo lobudlova kanye nohlobo olufanayo lolimi, esikhundleni salokho ukukhetha. thola umehluko ocacile phakathi kwamaqembu ashiseka ngokweqile kanye nenqwaba yamaSunni ase-Iraqi. Uma kubhekwa lokho uSistani ayekwazi - noma atshelwa - mayelana nesimo samandla ayenamandla e-Falluja ngaphambi kokuhlasela kokugcina kwe-US, ingxube yamaBaathists namaSunni ngokwemibiko eminingi, akumangazi ukuthi akazange ahlangane ngokumelene nakho. Qaphela ukuthi u-Moqtada al-Sadr ngokwakhe, nakuba ephika ngokwedlulele, akazange ahlangane.
Uyangibuza futhi: โNgiyazibuza futhi ukuthi ucabangani ngokuhlehla okusobala kohlu lokhetho olugunyazwe uSistani ekufuneni umuntu waseMelika ukuthi ahoxe ngemva kokhetho.โ Impendulo yami: Angicabangi lutho ngomcimbi ongewona umcimbi. Mouwaffak al-Rubbaie, ocashunwe encwadini Izikhathi Zezezimali I-athikili oyibalayo, akayena umuntu ohamba phambili "we-Unified Iraqi Coalition" (abaholi ababalulekile u-al-Hakim kanye no-Sistani ngokwakhe ngemuva kwezigcawu) futhi akamele amandla ngaphandle kwakhe kanye nabanye abaxhumene nomndeni (yize amandla angempela angamsebenzisa. ngesinye isikhathi, ngenxa yalesi sizathu, njengesibalo sokuvumelana). Kusobala futhi kuqinisekile nokho ukuthi uhulumeni obuswa amaShia ngeke akubize ngokushesha ukuhoxiswa kwawo wonke amasosha ase-US - amabutho amaShia amakhulu awakaze athi azokwenza. Bafuna ukuxoxisana ngokuhoxiswa kwemali isikhathi sokuhlela eklanyelwe ukubenza bakwazi ukwakha amabutho ahlomile ngaphansi kokulawula kwabo ekwazi ukumelana namaBaath kanye nabalandeli beSunni abangasoze bathobela ukubusa kweningi, futhi ngokungangabazeki abayoqhubeka futhi baqinise ukuhlasela kwabo kwamahlelo ngemva kokuba uhulumeni obuswa amaShia eqala ukubusa.
Noma kunjalo, umuntu kufanele ahlale ekhumbula izindaba ezisengozini. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lesi sibalo noma leso sibalo samaShia singathini, akunakuphikiswa - futhi yonke imibiko ivumelana ngakho - ukuthi iningi elikhulu, uma kungenjalo ingqikithi, yesixuku samaShia ase-Iraqi (izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zabantu base-Iraqi, kanye abampofu kunabo bonke abampofu) bafuna kabi izinto ezintathu: ukhetho, ukubusa kweningi kanye nokuphuma kwamasosha. Akekho omelene nama impiriyali okufanele akhohlwe leli qiniso eliwujuqu lapho echaza ukuma kwakhe ngesimo sase-Iraq.
Ekugcineni, ngivumele ngichibiyele umusho wakho wokuphetha. Esikhundleni sokuthi: "Noma ngabe yikuphi ukungaboni ngaso linye kwethu, sima ndawonye ngokumelene nalo Mbuso WaseMelika omubi," ngingamane ngiphethe ngokuthi: Noma ngabe yikuphi ukungezwani kwethu, sima ndawonye ngokumelene nalolu hlelo lwama-imperialism olubi kanye nawo wonke ama-lackeys namadlelandawonye, โโokuhlanganisa nohulumeni bamazwe ethu. Angingabazi ukuthi uzosivumela ngokugcwele isichibiyelo sami.
Ngikufisela okuhle,
Gilbert
UGilbert Achcar ungumbhali we Ukungqubuzana Kobuqaba futhi I-Eastern Cauldron, yomibili eshicilelwe yiMonthly Review Press eNew York. Siyabonga kuPeter Drucker ngokuhlela kwakhe okuwusizo namazwana.
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