Ukuthi ukukhetha kukaBush noBlair kuholele kanjani enhlekeleleni e-Iraq, okuholele ekubulaweni kwesiphithiphithi esibhebhethekisa impi yombango.
Kudinga ubuhlakani bangempela ukudala umfel’ ukholo ku-Saddam Hussein. Nansi indoda edaywe yajula ngegazi labantu bayo abanqaba ukuyilwela ngesikhathi ihlaselwa yi-United States eminyakeni emithathu nengxenye edlule. Ithuna lakhe edolobhaneni lakubo e-Awja selivele liyindawo yokuhambela ama-Arabs angamaSunni ayizigidi ezinhlanu ase-Iraq okuyimnyombo wokuvukela umbuso.
Ngesikhathi sokuqulwa kwecala lakhe, uSaddam ngokwakhe wayezama ngokusobala ukuzibeka njengomfel’ ukholo ngenxa yenkululeko yase-Iraq nobunye kanye nobuzwe bama-Arab. Ukwehluleka kwakhe okusobala ukwenza noma yini ephumelelayo ngalezi zizathu phakathi nekota yekhulu leminyaka aphatha kabi ngayo i-Iraq bekumele kwenze umsebenzi wakhe ube nzima. Kodwa ukubulawa kwakhe okwaba nobudlova nokubulalana kweqembu emigwaqweni yaseBelfast eminyakeni engu-30 edlule kumkhuphulela esikhundleni sobuqhawe emehlweni amaSunni - umphakathi iningi lama-Arabhu eliyingxenye yawo - ngaphesheya kweMpumalanga Ephakathi.
I-nostrum endala kaWinston Churchill yokuthi "utshani bungakhula enkundleni yempi kodwa bungalokothi bube ngaphansi kwesigxobo" kungenzeka bubonakale buyiqiniso e-Iraq njengoba buye benza njalo emhlabeni wonke. Futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthi i-US iphumelele ekufuneni ukuthi ukubulawa bekuyindaba yase-Iraq.
Abantu abaningi base-Iraqi bayakhumbula ukuthi ukumenyezelwa kwesinqumo sokuthi uSaddam amgwebe ngentambo sashintshwa kalula ngonyaka odlule saba zi-5 Novemba, umjikelezo wokugcina wezindaba wansuku zonke ngaphambi kokhetho lwase-US lwamaphakathi nonyaka. I-US ihlele kakhulu ukuqulwa kwecala ngemuva kwezigcawu. Izolo uhulumeni wase-Iraq ubophe isikhulu ebesiqondise ukubulawa kwabantu ngokwenza i-video yomakhalekhukhwini esisuse omkhulu umsindo.
I-Iraqi Shia kanye namaKurds ajabule kakhulu ngokuthi uSaddam usethuneni lakhe. Kepha isikhathi sokushona kwakhe ekuqaleni kwedili le-Eid al-Adha senza ukubulawa kwakhe kubonakale njengokudelela ngamabomu umphakathi wamaSunni. Ukubulawa kukamfowabo ngamzali munye uBarzan ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezizayo kuzokuqinisekisa ngomqondo wako ukuthi kuhloswe ngayo ukuhlaselwa ngamaShia amaningi.
Kungani uhulumeni wase-Iraq kaNouri al-Maliki wayezimisele kangaka ukubulala uSaddam Hussein? Okokuqala, kunesifiso esiqondakalayo sokuziphindiselela. Amalungu eqembu elidala eliphikisa uSaddam Hussein avame ukusolwa ngokungasebenzi kwawo okwedlule kodwa iningi lamalungu omndeni alahlekile emakamelweni akhe okuhlushwa kanye neqembu lababulali. Wonke umndeni e-Iraq walahlekelwa yilungu ezimpini zakhe ezimbi noma ekucindezelweni kwakhe okunonya.
Kunokwesaba futhi phakathi kwabaholi bamaShia ukuthi i-US ingase iguqule izinhlangothi kungazelelwe. Lokhu akuyona into engavamile njengoba kungase kubonakale ekuqaleni. I-US ibilokhu ihlakulela amaSunni e-Iraq izinyanga ezingu-18 ezedlule. Ike yafuna izingxoxo nabavukeli. Izamile ukuhlehlisa umkhankaso we-de-Baathification. Abahlaziyi baseMelika kanye nosopolitiki bakhuluma ngokunganaki ngokuqeda umfundisi wamaShia ophikisana namaMelika u-Muqtada al-Sadr nokulwa namasosha akhe, iMehdi Army. Akumangalisi ukuthi amaShia anomuzwa wokuthi kungcono ukufaka iSaddam ngaphansi komhlabathi ngokushesha okukhulu. Kungenzeka ukuthi abantu baseMelika sebekhohliwe ukuthi bake babambisene naye kodwa ama-Iraqi awazange akhohlwe.
Lapho uSaddam ewa ama-Iraqi ayelindele ukuthi impilo ibe ngcono. Babenethemba lokuphila njengamaSaudis kanye neKuwaitis. Babazi ukuthi wayecekele phansi izwe lakhe ngezimpi ezishisayo nezibandayo. Ngenkathi eqala ukubusa njengomongameli ngo-1979, i-Iraq yayinemali eningi kawoyela, inqwaba yemithombo kawoyela, abantu abafundile kanye nokuphatha okunekhono. Ngokuhlasela i-Iran ngo-1980 kanye neKuwait ngo-1990, wehlisela isizwe sakhe ubumpofu. Lokhu kwenziwe kwaba kubi kakhulu ukuvinjezelwa kwezomnotho okwabekwa iminyaka engu-13 yezijeziso ze-UN.
Kodwa impilo ayizange ibe ngcono ngemva kuka-2003. Izingxoxo zobuso nobuso nabantu abadala base-Iraqi abayizi-2,000 ezenziwa yi-Iraq Center for Research and Strategic Studies ngoNovemba zembula ukuthi amaphesenti angu-90 abo athi isimo ezweni labo besingcono ngaphambi kwe-US- ukuhlasela kwaholela. Bangamaphesenti ama-5 kuphela abantu abathi kungcono namuhla. Ucwaningo lwenziwa e-Baghdad, esifundazweni sonke samaSunni Anbar kanye nesifundazwe sonke saseShia Najaf. Akubandakanyi amaKurds, ahlala ethanda umsebenzi.
Lokhu akusho ukuthi ama-Iraqi afuna u-Saddam abuye. Kodwa kuyiqiniso ngokusobala ukuthi amathuba okufa ngobudlova e-Iraq makhulu kakhulu namuhla yonke indawo ezweni elingaphandle kwezifundazwe ezintathu zamaKurd kunangonyaka ka-2002. Inganekwane eyabekwa ama-neoconservatives aseRiphabhulikhi yokuthi izingxenye ezinkulu zase-Iraq zazijabulela ukuzola komfundisi ngemva kwempi. kodwa zanganakwa abezindaba ekhululekile kwaba njalo inganekwane. Akekho noyedwa kuma-neocons abathi izindaba ezinhle ezivela e-Iraq bezicindezelwa owake wenza umzamo wokuvakashela lezo zifundazwe zase-Iraq abathi zinokuthula.
USaddam bekungafanele kube yisenzo esinzima ukusilandela. Kwakungenakugwemeka ukuthi izwe libuyele kusiphithiphithi sakwaHobbesian. Ekuqaleni i-US neBrithani yayingenandaba nokuthi ama-Iraqi ayecabangani. Ukunqoba kwabo ibutho lase-Iraqi - nangaphambilini behlula amaTaliban e-Afghanistan - bekulula kakhulu. Bafaka umbuso we-semi-colonial. Ngesikhathi bebona ukuthi impi yabashokobezi ibucayi kwase kwephuze kakhulu.
Kungase kube kubi nakakhulu. Lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi “ukwanda” emazingeni amasosha ase-US ngamadoda angama-20,000 kuye kwangama-30,000 ngaphezulu kwamasosha ayi-145,000 asevele esezweni akunakwenzeka ukuthi akhiqize izinzuzo eziningi. Kubonakala kuklanywe kakhulu ukuthi uMongameli George Bush kungadingeki avume ukuthi wehluliwe noma athathe izinqumo ezinzima mayelana nokukhuluma ne-Iran neSiriya. Kepha lezi ziqinisi zingalinga i-US ukuthi ihlasele iMehdi Army.
Ngandlela thize izikhulu eziningi eziphezulu zaseMelika ziye zaqiniseka ukuthi nguMnu Sadr, ohlonishwa izigidi zamaShia, oyisithiyo kuhulumeni wase-Iraq olinganiselayo. Eqinisweni ukuba semthethweni kwakhe emehlweni amaShia Iraqis ajwayelekile, iningi labantu, kukhulu kakhulu kunosopolitiki “abalinganiselayo” i-US enabo ephaketheni labo futhi abangavamisile ukuphuma eGreen Zone. UMnu Sadr ungumsekeli kaMnu Maliki, onobudlelwane bakhe noWashington bungahambelani.
Ukuhlaselwa kwamasosha angamaShia eMehdi Army ekugcineni kungaholela ekuweni kwe-Iraq ibe yisiphithiphithi esiphelele. Kumele ukuthi uSaddam useyahleka ethuneni lakhe.
UPatrick Cockburn ungumbhali wencwadi ethi The Occupation: War and Resistance in Iraq, eshicilelwe ngabakwaVerso.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela