Inkulumo kaMongameli wase-Iran u-Hassan Rouhani ku-UN General Assembly kanye nenkulumo yakhe ngobusuku obudlule kubantu baseMelika ababalelwa ku-150 iveze lokhu kubheduka kwezikhali zenuzi njengesibonelo sokuqhubeka nokuhlala kwezokuxhumana ne-United States. Kodwa zombili lezi zinkulumo ziphinde zacela iWashington ukuthi iguqule inqubomgomo yayo mayelana nezingxabano zaseMpumalanga Ephakathi.
Naphezu komehluko ophawulekayo phakathi kwalezi zethulo ezimbili, inhloso yengxabano kaRouhani yayiwukuthi i-Iran isikulungele ukusebenzisa isitayela sokuxoxisana esaletha impumelelo yenuzi ezingxabanweni zaseMpumalanga Ephakathi, kodwa ukuthi ayikwazi ukwamukela inqubomgomo yase-US ebeka ukusinda. wombuso waseSyria osengozini.
Enkulumweni ye-UN u-Rouhani ubize i-Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (igama elisemthethweni lesivumelwano senuzi) "ngokunqoba impi" kodwa wayenamazwi ahlabayo ekusekeleni kwe-US izinqubomgomo eziphazamisayo zabalingani bayo esifundeni. Enkulumweni yakhe ezilalelini zaseMelika, lapho lo mbhali ayekhona, wayenembe kakhulu kuwo womabili amaphuzu. Ucele ukusebenzisa imodeli yezingxoxo zokuthi "win-win" ekuxazululeni ngokuthula impi yaseYemen ezobandakanya wonke amaqembu e-Yemeni kule ngxabano. Ufunge wathi, “Sizimisele ukusiza ngezinyathelo ezingenzeka ukuze sigcine ukuphepha kwawo wonke umuntu.”
Kodwa u-Rouhani uphinde waqina ekugcizeleleni ukuthi i-United States kufanele ivumelane nezenzo ezifanayo zokumisa usongo lokuthatha i-"Daesh" (iqembu le-Islamic State - IS) ngaphambi kokuxoxa ngesiphetho sombuso wakwa-Assad. "Okuhamba phambili" eSyria, uthe, "umsebenzi wokubambisana ukulwa nobuphekula," nakuba wabe esenezela ukuthi lokhu "akusho ukuthi uhlobo lukahulumeni lwesikhathi esizayo eDamaseku akufanele lucatshangelwe".
Esikhathini esedlule, izikhulu zokuphatha u-Obama kanye nabeluleki bazo bethangi lokucabanga baye bachaza ukweseka kwe-Iran impi yaseSyria ngokumelene ne-IS njengenkomba yokuthi u-Rouhani - futhi mhlawumbe noMholi oPhakeme u-Ali Khamenei naye - kufanele abeke ibutho elinamandla le-Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps ngokusekela iqembu labo. imisebenzi eSyria naseLebanon.
Kepha lokho kuhumusha okulula kwezepolitiki kulishaya indiva iqiniso elibalulekile lokuthi isu lezokuphepha kuzwelonke lase-Iran libe nezinhloso ezimbili eziyinhloko selokhu uKhamenei aba umholi we-Iran: ukuhlanganisa umnotho wase-Iran ohlelweni lwezezimali nobuchwepheshe emhlabeni wonke kanye nokunqanda izinsongo ezivela e-United States nase-Israel. . Futhi u-Rouhani wayenesibopho esiyinhloko sokufeza yomibili le misebenzi.
Ngenkathi u-Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani elandela uKhamenei njengomongameli ngo-1989, wakhetha u-Rouhani ukuthi abe unobhala woMkhandlu Ophakeme Kazwelonke Wezokuphepha (SNSC) owawusanda kwakhiwa. URafsanjani wayengumholi weqembu lezepolitiki elalithanda inqubomgomo yezomnotho ekhululekile e-Iran futhi wayezimisele ukuthola indlela yokuqeda ubutha phakathi kwe-Iran ne-United States.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi uKhamenei noRafsanjani sekuyisikhathi eside beyizimbangi zezombusazwe ezinemibono eyahlukene yomphakathi wase-Irani nomnotho. Okungaziwa kakhulu ukuthi nguRafsanjani owaqoka uKhamenei esikhundleni sika-Ayatollah Khomeini ngemuva kokushona kukaKhomeini. Futhi ngemuva kokuthi uRafsanjani eqokwe njengomongameli ngo-1989, lezi zibalo ezimbili zavumelana ngokuthi i-Iran kufanele ihlole ukuzimisela kweWashington ukungena engxoxweni ne-Iran.
U-Rouhani wahlala esikhundleni sikanobhala we-SNSC kwaze kwaba ngu-2005 - okulingana nokusebenza njengomeluleki wezokuphepha kuzwelonke ezikhundleni zokuphatha ezintathu noma ezine ezilandelanayo zase-US zamaqembu ahlukene. Ukuqhubeka okumangalisayo akuletha kunqubomgomo yezangaphandle yase-Iran phakathi naleso sikhathi seminyaka engu-16 kwakuwukubonakaliswa kokumethemba uKhamenei akubeka kuye. Okwaziwa kakhulu uRouhani kwaba ukuphatha kwakhe ngobuhlakani inqubomgomo yenuzi yase-Iran ngesikhathi abaphathi bakaBush besabisa ngokuyisa i-Iran kuMkhandlu Wezokuphepha we-UN kusukela ngo-2003-05.
Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu ekumethembeni kuka-Khamenei ku-Rouhani ngokuqinisekile kwakuyiqiniso lokuthi wengamele ukwakhiwa kwesu eliyimpumelelo lokuvimbela i-Iranian. Indlela ehlukile ye-Iran yenqubomgomo yezokuvikela ingumphumela wobuthakathaka bayo obujwayelekile bezempi kanye nethuba elibi lokuhlasela kwe-Iran kusuka e-United States noma kwa-Israel kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-1990 kuqhubeke.
Ukuphatha kukaClinton idemoni kwe-Iran "njengezwe elikhohlakele" kanye nokusola kwayo izifiso ze-Iranian WMD kanye nobuphekula ngokumelene ne-United States kwashiya ukungabaza okuncane eTehran ukuthi ukuhlasela okungenzeka kwe-US ngokumelene ne-Iran kufanele kuvinjwe. Ngaleso sikhathi, bobabili ohulumeni beLabour kanye ne-Likud kwa-Israel babenza izinsongo ezisobala zokuhlasela izinhlelo ze-Iran zenuzi nezicitshwayo kusukela ngo-1995 kuya ku-1997.
Njengoba i-Iran yayingenalo ibutho lasemoyeni, u-Rouhani kanye ne-SNSC basebenzise isu elingelona iqiniso lokuvimba. Maphakathi nawo-1990 i-Iran yaqala ukwakha umcibisholo ocitshwayo ophakathi nendawo owawungahlasela i-Iraq futhi owawuzokwazi, ngokuhlelwa kabusha, ukwazi ukufinyelela lapho kuhloswe khona i-Israel kanye nazo zonke izizinda zamasosha ase-US esifundeni. Kepha lokho bekuzothatha i-IRGC eminye iminyaka eminingana futhi bekungaphansi kokungaqiniseki okuningi. Okwamanje, ubudlelwane be-Iran ne-Hezbollah bunikeze amandla asheshayo. Kusukela ngo-2000, i-Iran yanikela ngezinkulungwane zamarokhethi ku-Hezbollah ukuze iziphindiselele enyakatho ye-Israel uma kwenzeka i-US noma i-Israel ihlasela i-Iran.
Ngenkathi i-Israel iqala impi yayo eSouthern Lebanon ngonyaka ka-2006, kwakuwukubhubhisa into ebalulekile ekuvimbeni i-Iran. UGeneral Mohsen Rezai, owayeyinhloko ye-Revolutionary Guard yase-Iran, uphawule ngokusobala ngaleso sizathu esiyinhloko sokuhlasela kwa-Israyeli. "I-Israel ne-US bebazi ukuthi inqobo nje uma i-Hamas ne-Hezbollah ikhona," esho, "ukubhekana ne-Iran kuzobiza kakhulu".
Impi yakwa-Israeli yokuqeda izikhali i-Hezbollah yaba ukwehluleka okukhulu, nokho, i-Iran yabe isinikeza i-Hezbollah imicibisholo ejikijelwayo namarokhethi amaningi kakhulu, anembe kakhudlwana futhi amabanga amade, ukuze yengezelele emakhulwini ambalwa emicibisholo yase-Iran ekwazi ukufinyelela lapho kuhloswe khona i-Israel.
Kepha indima yeHezbollah ekuvimbeni i-Iran incike emandleni okunikeza iHezbollah ngokusebenzisa indawo yaseSyria. Abakwa-Israel bahlela amaqhinga iminyaka ngeminyaka ukuze baxhaphaze lokho sengozini yase-Iranian engaba khona ngokuzama ukwenza i-United States iketule umbuso wakwa-Assad ngezempi. Manje, nokho, i-IS kanye ne-al-Qaeda basabisa ngokufeza lokho ama-Israyeli ayehlulekile ukukwenza.
Yingakho ukuzibophezela kwe-Iran ekuvikeleni umbuso ka-Assad kungewona umsebenzi wamandla e-IRGC, kodwa kuyisidingo uRouhani noKhamenei abavumelana ngaso ngokugcwele. Umlayezo okabili ka-Rouhani wokuxoxisana ne-Washington kanye nokugcizelela ukuthi ukubambisana ekumelaneni ne-"Daesh" kuyinto ehamba phambili e-Syria kubonisa izinto ezibalulekile zesu lezokuphepha kuzwelonke lase-Iran.
I-Gareth Porter uyintatheli ephenyayo ezimele futhi owine uMklomelo we-Gellhorn ka-2012 wobuntatheli. Ungumbhali we-Manufactured Crisis: The Untold Story of the Iran Nuclear Scare esanda kushicilelwa.
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