Okokuqala kwakunguReagan, manje sekunguClinton. Kuqhubeka ukuhlonishwa. Lapho uReagan efa, uGavin Esler, omunye wezintatheli ezivelele ze-BBC, wachaza umongameli waseMelika owayenomthwalo wemfanelo womkhankaso wobushokobezi oyimfihlo, ongenamthetho enkabeni yeMelika kanye nokufa kwezinkulungwane ezingenakubalwa kwezinye izindawo โnjengomuntu owayethandwa ngisho nayizimbangi zakhe zezombangazwe. โ. KuDaily Mail, u-Esler wabhala ukuthi uReagan "uqukethe umoya omuhle kakhulu waseMelika". Ku-Guardian ngomhla zingama-21 kuJuni, uBill Clinton wanikwa ikhasi nekhasi ukuze akhuthaze incwadi yakhe yokuzisebenzela futhi ajabulele i-mea culpa yakhe. โWavezaโ ukuthi uNelson Mandela wamsiza ngendaba kaMonica Lewinsky. Indlela ethinta inhliziyo. โEngxoxweni ekhethekileโ akabuzwanga lutho mayelana nokubulawa kwakhe indoda engajwayelekile ukuze ashweleze ithimba lokugwetshwa kwentambo. Kwakungekho lutho mayelana nokuba ngumongameli wakhe onobudlova: ukuhlaselwa kweSudan ngesikhathi sikaMonicagate; ukuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu okude kakhulu kwezwe (i-Iraq) kusukela ngeMpi Yezwe Yesibili kanye nezijeziso ezasusa izinsana zase-Iraq eziyingxenye yesigidi.
E-United States, ukuvinjelwa kwemithombo yezindaba ngokungenzi into ngokushesha kuba indaba yomphakathi, okuyala imihlangano edonsa izinkulungwane ezimbalwa zabantu, njengalowo osanda kukhuluma ngawo u-Studs Terkel eWisconsin. I-Federal Communications Commission, ngaphansi kukaGeorge W Bush, inikeze ukusakazwa okuningi kwe-US okunenzuzo ku-Rupert Murdoch kanye nabanye onkulunkulu bemithombo yezindaba, ithole izincwadi nama-e-mail angaba izigidi ezimbili ezivela kubantu baseMelika bebhikishela ukwehliswa kobuntatheli ohlotsheni oluthile lomphakathi wezinkampani. ubudlelwano. Nakuba kugutshuzelwe, isimo siyefana naseBrithani. Ithini impendulo yalabo abacikekile ngamaqiniso asemthethweni? Kukhona i-inthanethi, ngokuqinisekile, futhi kukhona lezo zinto ezihlonishwayo ezibizwa ngokuthi izincwadi. Asikho kulezi zihloko ezilandelayo okungenzeka sivele ohlwini lokufunda lwasehlobo, nokho ngasinye sinikeza ikhambi kuma-hagiographies wansuku zonke wamandla.
Esokuqala sithi Izindaba Ezimbi Ezivela Kwa-Israyeli nguGreg Philo noMike Berry beGlasgow University Media Group. (Pluto). Kulolu cwaningo olubabazekayo, ababhali, abangamavulandlela emkhakheni wabo, bakhombisa ukuhlanekezelwa kokusakazwa kwethelevishini yase-UK yasePalestine edlayo. Besebenzisa uchungechunge lwamaqembu okugxilwe kuwo athathwe kuwo wonke umphakathi waseBrithani, baveza ukuthi ababukeli babe kanjani izisulu zokuchema okunamandla okuvuna i-Israel. Baphetha ngokuthi izikhulu zakwa-Israel zinikezwa isikhathi somoya esiphindwe kabili kunasePalestine; ukuthi izindaba nezindaba zamanje ku-BBC1 zitholakala (noma zesatshiswa) โimibono yama-Israyeliโ; kanye nokuthi imibono yosopolitiki baseMelika abasekela i-Israel ivela ngokuphindwe kabili ku-BBC kunosopolitiki banoma yiliphi elinye izwe, okuhlanganisa neBrithani. Izindaba ze-TV azisho lutho mayelana nomsuka wodweshu, ngakho-ke ababukeli abaningi abazi ukuthi ama-Israel aphoqa abantu basePalestine ukuthi basuke ezindlini zabo ngo-1948 - noma, ngempela, ngubani othatha i-Occupied Territories. Ababukeli basala benombono wokuthi izindawo zokuhlala zamaJuda ezingekho emthethweni zimane ziyimiphakathi esengozini, kunezinqaba ezilawula ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-40 eWest Bank. โBengingazi ukuthi yilelo phesenti,โ kusho omunye umbukeli. โNgababona bebancane, bexabene futhi bezungezwe abantu basePalestine abanobutha โ lokho kungenxa yokubuka izindaba zikamabonakude. Lapho amabutho akwa-Israel echazwa ngokuthi โamasoshaโ, โamasoshaโ noma nje โama-Israelโ, amaPalestine abikwa ngokuthi โamaphekulaโ, โababulaliโ, โababulaliโ, โabazenza abafelโ ukholo basePalestineโ kanye โnabashiseka ngokweqileโ noma ngabe yokuthi bayizisulu zokuhlala ngokungemthetho. Okucutshungulwe โngesembozoโ umqondo oyiphutha othi โibhalansiโ phakathi komhlali nomuntu ohleziyo; U-Tim Llewellyn, owayeyintatheli ye-Middle East ye-BBC, ubiza lokhu ngokuthi โubushiqela bokulingana okungamangaโ. Yonke intatheli kufanele ifunde le ncwadi; wonke umfundi wezobuntatheli kufanele anikezwe wona.Umngane we-Bad News From Israel yincwadi enhle kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi Peace Under Fire (Verso). Ngesandulelo sika-Edward Said, oshone ngonyaka odlule, lena indaba ka-
"abamazwe ngamazwe": abavelele, ikakhulukazi abantu abasha abaya ezindaweni ezihlaselwe kanye neGaza ukuyofakaza futhi bavikele imindeni yasePalestine emandleni ebutho lezempi lakwa-Israel, ikakhulukazi ogandaganda ababhidliza amakhaya abo. Indaba yobuqhawe buka-Rachel Corrie no-Tom Hurndall kanye nokubulawa kwabo ngabakwa-Israel, ezenzweni zobuphekula ezicacile njenganoma yikuphi ukuqhuma kwebhomu lokuzibulala, ibuhlungu ukuyifunda, kodwa kuyadingeka.
Ngike ngabalula Izinsizi Zombuso kaChalmers Johnson (Verso) kula makhasi; kimina, iyisiqalo esihle kakhulu sezinqubomgomo ezinonya ezesabisa umhlaba kusukela eWashington, DC. UJohnson ungomunye walabo bantu baseMelika โabaguqukayoโ: yena, ekubeni isazi-mlando saseBerkeley esisekela impi yaseVietnam eluleka iCIA kumtsheleli weqiniso. Incwadi yakhe yokugcina, ethi Blowback, yabikezela izehlakalo zokuziphindiselela zangomhla ziyi-11 kuMandulo wezi-2001 ngonyaka ngaphambi kokuthi zenzeke futhi yachaza ukuthi iPentagon (ngaphansi kukaClinton, hhayi uBush) yayithatha kanjani inqubomgomo yezangaphandle yase-US - empeleni yenza impi yezempi. Encwadini ethi The Sorrows of Empire, uyaqhubeka nokuveza ubungozi beMelika edlangile enezisekelo zamasosha angama-725 ngaphandle kwase-US kanye nokuthunyelwa kweCIA โnjengebutho likamongameli elizimeleโ. Ubikezela ukuthi isiphetho seSoviet Union - "ukungqubuzana kwezomnotho kwangaphakathi okuqhutshwa ukuqina kwemibono, ukweqisa kombuso kanye nokungakwazi ukuguqula" - kulindelwe umbuso waseMelika. Funda okulandelayo okumangalisayo kuka-Howard Zinn Umlando Wabantu Wase-United States (HarperCollins). Kusukela eColumbus kuze kube yilolu suku, uZinn uhlale ekhathazekile hhayi ngokufaneleka komlando, kodwa umzabalazo wabantu abavamile ukunqoba ukubekwa kwamandla amakhulu. Emlandweni Wabantu, wembula iMelika yabantu ecishe ifihlwe ngemuva kwamafulegi kanye nokugcwala kwama-plutocrats ayo kanye neHollywood.
UMichael Albert ungumsunguli wewebhusayithi yeZNet (www.zmag.org), elinye lamaphephandaba aku-inthanethi aphambili emhlabeni. Incwadi yakhe entsha, i-Parecon (Verso), iyimanyuwali ephikiswana kahle, ewuqobo olumayelana โnomnotho obambe iqhazaโ enikeza, njengoba ekubeka, โimpilo emva kobunxiwankuluโ. Inesibindi futhi, ngoba ayilokothi nje ukuchaza lokho okungalungile, kodwa umbono mhlawumbe ukukulungisa. Bese kuba khona i-Good Muslim, i-Bad Muslim ka-Mahmood Mamdani (Pantheon), okuyizwi eligqamile okuhlaziywa kwalo okumangalisayo kokukhula kwe-Islam yezombangazwe kusibuyisela emuva enkundleni yempi engapheli hhayi yobuphekula, kodwa ubuzwe. Lokho uHoward Zinn akuzuzile kumlando waseMelika, uKen Loach ukwenzele icinema yaseBrithani. Ukuphi Uhlangothi?, Umlando wefilimu ka-Anthony Hayward (i-Bloomsbury), uwukuqonda okucacile komsebenzi womqondisi wamafilimu waseBrithani ohamba phambili nonesibindi kakhulu. Ingoma kaSeumas Milne ethi, Isitha Ngaphakathi
(Verso) yashicilelwa okokuqala ngo-1994 ngesikhathi kugujwa iminyaka eyishumi kunesiteleka sabavukuzi abakhulu. Ukudalulwa okubaluleke kakhulu kweBrithani yezombangazwe yesimanje engikufundile; kumayelana namandla ombuso okubulala umlingiswa kanye neqhaza elibusayo leningi lemithombo yezindaba. Njenge-Bad News From Israel, ifuna ukufundwa yizo zonke izintatheli ezikhathalela umsebenzi wazo kanye nalabo abafisa ukuba izintatheli.
Kodwa-ke, uma ufunda incwadi eyodwa kuphela kuleli hlobo, ngincoma intandokazi yami yesikhathi sonke, Catch-22 kaJoseph Heller (Vintage). Njengoba nje incwadi kaGraham Greene ethi The Quiet American yabikezela impi yaseVietnam kanye nemiphumela yayo, kanjalo nomsebenzi wobuciko obumangalisayo kaHeller usitshela okuthile ngobuhlanya beMelika e-Iraq. Noma nini lapho ngibona ezindabeni ukuthi u-brigadier general, umkhulumeli โwomfelandawonyeโ ngamehlo engqondo yengqondo, ngicabanga ngokufudumele umlingiswa ka-Heller ohlanya ngokungenakulungiseka, uMajor Major, iqiniso elisemthethweni elingenamsebenzi kuye.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
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