Esikhathini esiningi sobukhona bethu, sabelana ngoMhlaba ngokufanayo. Okusho ukuthi, kwakungekho mpahla yangasese, noma, eqinisweni, ukuzazi okuningi ngathi njengabantu ngabanye, abahlukene futhi abahlukene nezwe lemvelo esasiyingxenye yalo. Kuphakathi neminyaka engamakhulu ambalwa edlule lapho iningi lezinto ezivamile ziye zanyamalala, zaguqulwa zaba impahla yomuntu siqu, zafakwa endleleni entsha yokukhiqizaโubunxiwankulu.
Ukucekelwa phansi komphakathi kwafezwa kakhulu ngodlame; njengoba uMarx akubeka, โinhloko-dolobha iphuma ekhanda iye onyaweni, kuzo zonke izimbotshana, igazi nokungcola.โ Nokho, kwakudingeka okwengeziwe ukuze kuqedwe izingxabano. Impi yenkulumo-ze engapheli iye yalwiwa ukuze sikholwe ukuthi ubunxiwankulu bulungile, ukuthi buhlanganisa izifiso ezijulile zabantu, ukuthi yisiphetho semizamo yethu yokuqonda imvelo nokukhiqiza inala. Eqinisweni, ukuba nomhlaba ngokuhlanganyela kuyinto embi, elimaza ukukhiqiza komuntu.
Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, sisalangazelela izindawo ezivulekile, ezikhululekile, zomphakathi, zokuba ngabathile. Kodwa sizibuyisa kanjani lezi? Imfundo eqinile ingase isize. Lapho kuxoxwa โngokuvumelanaโโisenzo sokwenza izinto ndawonye, โโnjengokusebenza engadini yomphakathi noma ukunakekela ihlathi elisetshenziswa iqembu lomdabu labalimi baseNdiyaโIsazi-mlando uPeter Linebaugh sithi, โIzindinganiso zomphakathi kumelwe zifundiswe, futhi zivuselelwe, ngokuqhubekayo.โ
Abazali, amasonto, izinhlangano zomphakathi, nokunye okunjalo bangase bazame ukugxilisa izindinganiso ezinjalo ezinganeni nasemalungwini, futhi lapho abantu behlanganyela emizabalazweni ehlangene, bayayifunda. Nokho, kuthatha okungaphezu kwalokhu ukwenza izindlela zokucabanga ezihlangene zibe ingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwethu, okusinikeza, empeleni, ikhampasi esinikeza isiqondiso. Imfundo eqinile, ebucayi, neqhubekayo iyadingeka. Ngeke kusize nje ukubeka izimpilo zethu kanye nezenzo zethu engqikithini, kodwa futhi kuzosinika ukuqonda kangcono okufanele kwenziwe esikhathini esizayo. Ngayo, singafunda ukuhlaziya umlando wethu ngamunye, ukuze, empeleni, siqonde kangcono ubunzima bezimpilo zethu.
Kunezici eziningi emfundweni eqinile. Okokuqala, kufanele kube nobudlelwano bokuhloniphana phakathi kukathisha nomfundi kanye nomuzwa wokuthi bobabili bayingxenye yephrojekthi enkulu, ukukhululwa kwesintu emaketangeni onxiwankulu. Nakuba othisha benolwazi oluyisipesheli, bafunda kubafundi babo ngenqubo yokunikeza nokuthatha yengxoxo yentando yeningi. Uma imfundo ingalingani, singalindela kanjani ukuba kube khona okunye?
Okwesibili, labo abafundisayo kumele, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isihloko sithini, baqondise ingxoxo ngesimo sohlelo. Uthisha wesayensi angabuza, yini ethonya imibuzo ebuzwa yisayensi? Isayensi ixhaswa kanjani? Ingabe okwenziwa usosayensi akunanzuzo? Khona-ke, buza umbuzo othi, kungani uxhaso lukahulumeni oluncane kangaka lunikezwa abacwaningi abafuna ukwazi imiphumela engaba khona yezinto eziphilayo eziguquliwe? Kusayensi yezenhlalo, umuntu angabuza ukuthi kungenzeka kanjani ukuthi isifundiswa sithole i-PhD uma isihloko sethisisi sithi โIngabe ibutho labashokobezi lingawanqoba kanjani amasosha aseMelika e-Iraq?โ
Emfundweni yabasebenzi (kanye nabalimi), umbuzo othi โBuyini ubunxiwankulu?โ kubaluleke kakhulu. Uthisha kumele azame ukukhombisa ukuthi lolu wuhlelo oluncike kulo isisekelo sokuxhashazwa nokudliwa komhlaba. Ngisho noma isigaba sikhuluma ngendaba engokoqobo, njengomthetho wezabasebenzi noma ukuhlela inyunyana, isimo somphakathi sibalulekile ekuchazeni ukuthi uyini umthetho, kungani izinyunyana zidingeka, nokunye. Kuzo zonke izinhlangano, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zilwela indawo ehlanzekile, izindlu ezingcono, irenti ephansi, ukushintsha indawo yasemadolobheni engasasetshenziswa ibe izingadi zomphakathi, ukuqeda ukwebiwa kwezindawo zabalimi, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuhlalisana kahle, ukuqeda ukucwasa nokucwasa, noma ukuqedwa kwezimpi nama-imperialism, capitalism. kumele ibe wumgogodla wokufundisa nokufunda. Kungase kubonakale sengathi ukufundisa uhlobo lwe-capitalism kuwumsebenzi onzima, kodwa abalimi baye bafundiswa iziqalo zemiqulu emithathu ye-magnum opus ka-Karl Marx, Capital. Ngiye ngafundisa okufanayo kubantu abanemfundo elinganiselwe. Akukho okungenakwenzeka. Eqinisweni, ngicabanga ukuthi abalimi kanye nabasebenzi abampofu kakhulu abakhokhelwayo nabaxhashazwa kakhulu bazosheshe bazibambe lezi zisekelo.
Okwesithathu, yonke inkampane efuna ushintsho olukhulu kufanele ibe nengxenye yemfundo esemqoka ekusebenzeni kwayo. Izinyunyana zabasebenzi kanye nezinhlangano zabalimi kumele zibeke eceleni isikhathi nezinsiza zalokhu. Amaqembu ezepolitiki kanye nokwakheka, i-Occupy Wall Street-izinhlobo zeminyakazo, izinhlangano ezimelene nezimpi, izinhlangano ezimelene nokucwasa ngokwebala kanye nezinhlangano ezimelene nobuzwe zidinga nemizamo yemfundo, leyo ezakhelwa unomphela ezakhiweni zayo. Izenzo zokuhlela, ukuzenza, ukuhlola impumelelo nokwehlulekaโkonke kuyizifundo ezibalulekile kumalungu nakubahlanganyeli.
Okwesine, imfundo ejulile imayelana ukwenza izixhumanisi. Amaphrojekthi enhlangano eyodwa axhumene nalawo awo wonke amanye amaqembu; Impilo yomuntu ngamunye iyingxenye yengqikithi enkulu. Isibonelo, abanye abaqashi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokudlela, banemfuneko yomsebenzi eyaziwa ngokuthi โukuvalwa,โ lapho zona lezi zisebenzi ezivala ebusuku kakhulu kufanele zifike emsebenzini ekuseni ngakusasa ukuze zivule indawo yebhizinisi. Ake sithi kunenhlangano esungulwe ukuqeda lo mkhuba. Umonakalo owenzeka ezisebenzini ngokuvalaโukungalali nokucindezeleka kwengqondo nomzimba wesikhonziโungaxhunyaniswa ngokuqondile nesidingo samahora amafushane nesikhathi esengeziwe samahhala, njengamaholide nezinsuku zomuntu siqu. Lokhu, kungase kuholele embuzweni wokuthi yini enikeza umqashi amandla okwenza ukuvala kube yimpoqo futhi, ngokuvamile, ukunquma ukuthi sisebenza kanjani futhi ngakuphi umfutho. Noma cabanga ukuthi umfelandawonye wasemadolobheni wamaqembu ezindlu ezinobulungiswa uzama ukuphoqa idolobha ukuthi liyeke ukunikeza abakhi bezindlu zikanokusho uxhaso lwentela. Lo mzabalazo ungaxhunyaniswa nesidingo sezindlu zomphakathi eziseqophelweni eliphezulu, kanye nezinzuzo zomphakathi zokumisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo ezihlala abasebenzi.
Ukucwasa ngokwebala, ukubusa kwamadoda, i-imperialism, kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwemvelo konke kuxhumene nokuxhashazwa nokudliwa komhlaba, njengoba kunjalo nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Imfundo ejulile, ngokubonisa ukuthi kungani lokhu kunjalo, ingasiza ekuthungeleleni ulwazi lwekilasi oludingekayo ukuze kuguqulwe umhlaba.
Okwesihlanu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isiphi isimo, qala ngezimpilo, okuhlangenwe nakho kwansuku zonke, kwabafundi. Isazi sezemfundo nothisha Ira Shor uqala ikilasi lokubhala nabafundi basekolishi lomphakathi ngokuhlola izihlalo abahlezi kuzo. Aqale athi zichaze kahle izihlalo, zibaphoqe ukuthi bazibuke ngokucophelela nangokunensa. Nokho, incazelo iyisiqalo nje; ngengxoxo nangokubhala okwengeziwe, u-Shor nabafundi bakhe bathola imvelaphi kasihlalo emnothweni kanye nokuqagela kwamasiko okubangelwa ukukhiqizwa kwayo (isib., kungani kungakhululekile!). Ekugcineni, abafundi, ikakhulukazi ngemizamo yabo, bayakwazi ukuhlukanisa usihlalo we-fetishism yempahla yayo ngokuyiqonda maqondana nomphakathi oyikhiqizile. Umsebenzi ophelele awugcini nje ngokuthuntubeza isihlalo kodwa unikeza ukuboniswa kokuhlola okumangalisayo kokuthi buhlaziywa kanjani ubunxiwankulu kanye nendlela yolimi lokuqonda indawo yomuntu siqu.
Uthisha wezabasebenzi kanye Ukubuyekeza Kwenyanga umsunguli oyisisekelo Leo Huberman inikeza isibonelo esigqamayo sokufundisa okuqinile nokugxekayo. Ubuza izisebenzi zakhe-abafundi uchungechunge lwemibuzo elula mayelana nempilo yabo njengamadoda nabesifazane abasebenzayo. Usebenza kuphi? Kungani usebenza? Ingabe indoda engumnikazi wefekthri isebenza eduze kwakho? Wake wababona abanikazi bamasheya benkampani besebenza embonini? Kodwa nonke navumelana ukuthi kufanele nisebenze ukuze niphile; manje ungitshela ukuthi kukhona abantu abahlala ngaphandle kokusebenza. Kanjani? Bese kuba namaqembu amabili abantu emphakathini wethu. Iqembu elilodwa, oyingxenye yalo, liphila . . . ? Futhi elinye iqembu umqashi wakho ayingxenye yalo liphila . . . ?
Imibuzo iyaqhubeka kuze kube uthisha nabafundi babone ukuthi inzuzo abayitholi bese iqhamuka ngezithukuthuku nezinyembezi zalabo abenza umsebenzi wabo. Ukuvivinya umzimba okuhlakaniphile, okuthola kubafundi into eyisisekelo kakhulu yokuphila kwabo komsebenzi futhi edala ingxoxo ejabulisayo yokuthi yini abangayenza ngakho.
Okwesithupha, abafundisi abanohlonze kufanele bafundise ngendlela yokuthi abanye babafundi bazothatha lokho abakufundile futhi bakufundise kwabanye. Umgomo uwukwakha ongqondongqondo bezinto eziphilayo, okungukuthi, abantu abavela esigabeni sabasebenzi abazokwazi ukusabalalisa igama ngendlela uLeo Huberman enza ngayo. Ezinye zeziboshwa engake ngazifundisa zathatha imidwebo yami yezinkulumo, engangizikopishele ngayisabalalisa, zayibuyisela ezitokisini zazo lapho zaziyisebenzisela ukufundisa ezinye iziboshwa. Ngokufanayo, amalungu ezinyunyana angafundisa abafowabo nodadewabo. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokukhulisa kakhulu isibalo sothisha, kodwa kuphinde kubhidlize nezinhlaka phakathi kwabafundisi nabafundi. Asikho isizathu sokuthi abazali bangakwazi ukuxoxa nezingane zabo ngalokho abakufundile. Eqinisweni, imfundo enohlonze kufanele iqale ngokushesha okukhulu.
Imfundo eqondile ingenziwa ezindaweni eziningi. Kodwa-ke, uhlelo lonxiwankulu lubusa izimpilo zethu futhi lunciphisa kakhulu okungenzeka. Othisha ezikoleni zamabanga aphansi nezizimele kanye nezikole eziphakeme bazobhekana nemiphumela emibi uma behlanganyela engxoxweni eqinile nabafundi babo. Amakolishi ahlinzeka ngezikhala ezikhululekile, kodwa aya ngokuya ebacindezela. Ama-Adjuncts, manje afundisa iningi lamakilasi, avumela ukukhishwa uma engajabulisi abalawuli noma abafundi abanobutha.
Ngaba uthisha wezemisebenzi iminyaka engu-34, ikakhulukazi ngezinhlelo zemfundo yabasebenzi ezixhunywe emanyuvesi. Ngaqala ngo-1980, kodwa ngesikhathi ngithatha umhlalaphansi, ngo-2014, inani lezinhlelo ezinjalo lase linciphe ngokuphawulekayo, izisulu zokuzondwa ngamabhizinisi kanye nabalingani bawo. Ngokudabukisayo, abanye abasindile bathuthele ku-inthanethi, futhi amakilasi avulelwa bonke abafundi hhayi abasebenzi kuphela. Imithetho eqinile yasungulwa ngabaphathi bohlelo kubafundisi, engenangqondo ngemininingwane yabo kanye nokuncishiswa kwenkululeko yezifundo. Abanye bavele baziguqule baba iminyango yezemfundo ejwayelekile, lapho abafundi bengakwazi ukwenza iziqu ze-BA kanye neziqu eziphakeme ezingahlukile kunanoma yimuphi omunye umnyango. I-Faculty bekulindeleke ukuthi yenze ucwaningo lwezemfundo futhi yenze yonke eminye imisebenzi elindelekile kulabo abafisa ukukhuphuka esikhundleni sesikhungo.
Isibonelo, umsebenzi wami wokuqala njengomfundisi wezabasebenzi wawusePennsylvania State University. UMnyango WeziFundo Zabasebenzi wawunophiko lokufinyelela lapho othisha befundisa abasebenzi kanye ngesonto amahora amathathu emadolobheni nakumadolobha angabasebenzi kuhulumeni. Ngafundisa eJohnstown, Greensburg, Beaver, nasePittsburgh. Lawa kwakungamakilasi anomvuzo, enabafundi abakhulu abalangazelela ukufunda futhi, behlome ngolwazi olusha, belungele ukuba ngameva ohlangothini lwabaqashi babo. Phakathi neminyaka eyishumi, la makilasi aqedwa, futhi umnyango waba omunye nje ugwadule lwesiphithiphithi sezemfundo.
Phakathi kwezinyunyana, imfundo, lapho ikhona nhlobo, ihlale ilinganiselwe ezifundweni ezincane, ezinjengokugijima imihlangano, ukucubungula izikhalo, ukulungiselela ukuxazululwa, nokunye. Kuncane ngomlando wale nyunyana nesidingo sokuthi amalungu amasha azibambele mathupha kuzo zonke izici zenhlangano, ingasaphathwa eyokugqugquzelwa kokuzibandakanya okunjalo. Kungaba yivelakancane impela ukuthi inyunyana ifundise amalungu ayo ngokusebenza komnotho wezwe nowezombangazwe womhlaba, kanye nomlando wezabasebenzi uwonke. Angikaze ngizwe ngomuntu, ngaphandle kwedlanzana mhlawumbe ezinyunyaneni ezifana ne-United Electrical Workers nakwabanye abantu bendawo ababeyizinyunyana ezaziholwa kwesokunxele njenge-International Longshore Workers Union, benza okwenziwa u-Leo Huberman ngesikhathi eqondisa imizamo yezemfundo yenyunyana. . Ngingasho ukuthi iningi labaholi bezinyunyana besaba ubulungu obufundile, obungase bubedelele futhi bufune ukwenza izinyunyana zabo zibe yintando yeningi. Ngingase ngengeze nokuthi ngenkathi ngithathwa njengothisha ohlelweni lweNyuvesi yaseMassachusetts Lobuholi Nobushoshovu, ngabhejwa abanye abaseqophelweni eliphezulu ku-AFL-CIO. Ngaqashwa noma kunjalo, kodwa uyayibona inkinga. I-AFL-CIO iyinhlangano elondolozayo, enomlando omude we-anticommunism. Uma siphethe isikole semfundo yabasebenzi noma sinethonya kwesinye, amathuba emfundo ebucayi, eqinile ayancipha.
Konke lokhu akusho ukuthi imfundo enomfutho ayinakwenzeka eMinyangweni YeziFundo Zabasebenzi nasezinyunyaneni zabasebenzi. Ingakwazi futhi ngezinye izikhathi iyakwenza. Kodwa imizabalazo eqhubekayo ihlale idingeka ukuyethula nokuyigcina.
Kwake kwaba khona, e-United States (nakwamanye amazwe), izikole zemfundo yezisebenzi ezizimele. Kwesinye isikhathi lezi zaziqalwa ziphathwe ngamaqembu ezombusazwe kanti kwesinye isikhathi zingaqali. Mhlawumbe manje yisikhathi sokuzidala kabusha. Ngithanda izikole ezizimele, uma kubhekwa ukuthi amaqembu azoba nezinhlelo eziqondile futhi ngeke abekezelele imibono nezenzo ezingqubuzana nenkolelo yeqembu. Ake sithi iDemocratic Socialists of America (DSA) ihlele isikole. Njengamanje, i-DSA ikhethe ukukhankasela ngamandla ukuthi uBernie Sanders abe ngumongameli. Uma ngifundisa ikilasi futhi ngiphikisa kakhulu isu elinjalo, bengingakhululeka yini ukwenza kanjalo. Umlando usikisela ukuthi impendulo ingucha.
Ngiyaqaphela ukuthi izikole ezizimele ngempela kungenzeka zingenzeki, ngakho umgomo kungaba ukuzenza zizimele ngangokunokwenzeka, ngokuhambisana neZikhungo Zabasebenzi ezingcono e-United States, njenge-Chinese Staff & Workers' Association eNew York City. kanye ne Umfelandawonye wabasebenzi be-Immokalee eFlorida. Ukwesekwa kwezezimali kufanele kuvele kubafundi, amalungu enhlangano yabazali, iminikelo evela kubasekeli, kanye neminikelo engaxhunywanga enamathiselwe ezinyunyaneni zabasebenzi namanye amaqembu azibophezele ekushintsheni okukhulu kwezenhlalo.
Omunye wemizamo yokuqala, futhi e-United States, yokuhlinzeka ngemfundo eqinile yesigaba sabasebenzi kwaba I-Brookwood Labor College, eyavulwa ekuqaleni kwawo-1920. Abasunguli balesi sikole babezibophezele ezimisweni ezine: โAbasunguli bakholelwa ezimfundisweni ezine: โOkokuqala, ukuthi isimiso esisha senhlalo siyadingeka futhi siyezaโeqinisweni, ukuthi kakade sesisendleleni. Okwesibili, leyo mfundo ngeke isheshise ukufika kwayo nje kuphela, kodwa izokwehla ibe ncane futhi mhlawumbe iqede ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa izindlela zobudlova. Okwesithathu, ukuthi abasebenzi yibo abazofaka lolu hlelo olusha. Okwesine, ukuthi kunesidingo esiphuthumayo sekolishi labasebenzi elinekharikhulamu ebanzi, etholakala phakathi kwezwe elinempilo, lapho abafundi bengazikhandla ngokugcwele emsebenzini abawenzayo.โ
I-Brookwood yavalwa ngo-1937, ikwenze ngenqwaba yezinkinga, kuhlanganise nokuhlaselwa kwe-AFL kanye nokujula kokudangala okukhulu. Kodwa ngesikhathi sokuqhutshwa kwayo, yenze umsebenzi omuhle futhi yathumela inqwaba yabafundile, abazinikele, okuhlanganisa u-Ella Baker noLen De Caux.
Zazikhona futhi zisekhona izikole okuhloswe ngazo ukukhululwa kwesigaba sabasebenzi, njengesikole esidumile saseHighlander Folk School eTennessee, manje esibizwa ngokuthi isikole. Highlander Research and Education Centre. Kodwa-ke, okujabulisayo ngeBrookwood ukuthi muva nje, iNew Brookwood Labor College iphile kulo nyaka (2019) eMinnesota. โIzama ukubhekana nokungalingani kwamandla ngokobuhlanga, kwezomnotho, nangokwenhlalo ngokufundisa abasebenzi ngezigaba zabo. Sakha inhlangano yabasebenzi ebandakanya bonke abantu esebenzisa amandla enhlangano hhayi nje ukuphakamisa abasebenzi ngabanye noma izindawo zokusebenza, kodwa ukudala umhlaba onobulungisa ngokwengeziwe. " Sonke kufanele sithembe ukuthi lo mzamo uzophumelela futhi uphindaphindwa kaningi, lapha nasemhlabeni jikelele.
UMama Jones, iqhawe lezisebenzi elidumile, wathi, โHlala phansi ufunde. Zifundise ngezingxabano ezizayo.โ Ukubaluleka kwemfundo enomfutho angeke kweqiswe. Sidinga okuningi kwakho, ngokushesha okungcono.
Le ndaba ithathelwe ingxenye yencwadi kaYates, Ingabe Isigaba Sabasebenzi singawushintsha Umhlaba?
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