Umthombo: TomDispatch.com
Maduze nje uMongameli uJoe Biden uzobhekana nezinkinga zasekhaya ezingajwayelekile - ubhubhane olubalekayo, umnotho omile, namanxeba aluhlaza ezepolitiki, ikakhulukazi okuhlaselwa kukaTrumpian kwakamuva eCapitol - kepha zimbalwa izinselelo ezingase zibe nzima kakhulu. kunokuphatha ubudlelwano base-US neChina. Nakuba ngokuvamile bubhekwa njengokukhathazeka okukude kwenqubomgomo yangaphandle, lobo budlelwano empeleni buphezu kwayo yonke into, okuhlanganisa umnotho, i-coronavirus, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, isayensi nobuchwepheshe, isiko elidumile kanye ne-cyberspace. Uma abaphathi abasha belandela inkambo ebekwe kwangaphambilini, ungathembela entweni eyodwa: i-United States izodonswa eMpini Yomshoshaphansi entsha ecashile nalelo zwe, okuvimbela inqubekelaphambili cishe kuyo yonke imikhakha ebalulekile. Ukuze kuzuzwe noma yikuphi ukuphumelela kweqiniso obishini lwamanje lomhlaba, ithimba le-Biden kumele, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ligweme leyo ngxabano yesikhathi esizayo futhi lithole izindlela zokubambisana nombangi walo onamandla. Thembela entweni eyodwa: ukuthola indlela yokuhamba ngale ndlela eseyigcwele imayini kuzofakazela ukuthi kufuna okungaphezu kwamagama kubenzi bezinqubomgomo abanolwazi olunzulu embuthweni wabaholi beBiden.
Ngisho nangaphandle kwemithelela elimazayo yokuxoxisana kukaDonald Trump eminyakeni yamuva nje, iChina izobeka inselelo enkulu kunoma yikuphi ukuphatha okusha. Iziqhenya ngomnotho wesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni futhi, abanye abahlaziyi bathi, izoba njalo ngokushesha afice i-United States ukuba ibe inombolo yokuqala. Yize kunezizathu eziningi zokugxeka ukuphatha kweBeijing i-coronavirus, ukuqina kwayo okuqinile ezweni lonke (okulandela ukwehluleka kokuqala ukuvuma ukuba khona kwaleli gciwane, hhayi ngaphansi kwezinga lokusabalala kwalo) kwavumela izwe ukuthi lilulame ku-Covid-19 Ngokushesha kunezinye izizwe eziningi. Ngenxa yalokho, iBeijing isivele ibike ukukhula komnotho okuqinile engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka, okuwukuphela komnotho omkhulu emhlabeni ukwenza lokho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iChina isesimweni esinamandla kakhulu kunakuqala ekunqumeni imithetho yomnotho wezwe, isimo esiqinisekiswe yisinqumo sakamuva se-European Union sokuthi uphawu uhwebo olukhulu kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali ukuphatha neBeijing, ibeka eceleni i-United States ngaphambi nje kokuba abaphathi beBiden bangene ehhovisi.
Ngemuva kweminyaka yokwandisa izindleko zayo zokuvikela, iChina manje isinebutho lesibili elinamandla emhlabeni, gcwele ngezikhali zesimanje zazo zonke izinhlobo. Nakuba ingakwazi ukubhekana ne-United States olwandle oluphakeme noma ezindaweni ezikude, amasosha ayo - i-People's Liberation Army, noma i-PLA - manje asesimweni sokuphonsela inselelo ubukhosi beMelika osebunesikhathi eside ezindaweni eziseduze nasekhaya njengasentshonalanga yePacific. . Kusukela ekwandeni kombuso waseJapan ngeminyaka yawo-1930 nasekuqaleni kwawo-1940 lapho iWashington ibhekene nesitha esesabekayo kuleyo ngxenye yomhlaba.
Ezindaweni ezibucayi - amandla esayensi nezobuchwepheshe, ukufinyelela kwezokuxhumana, kanye nezezimali zamazwe ngamazwe, phakathi kokunye - iChina isivele inenselelo, uma ingadluli amandla omhlaba aseMelika osekunesikhathi eside ecatshangwa. Ezindaweni eziningi, ngamanye amazwi, ukubhekana neChina kudala indida enkulu eqenjini elisha lobuholi baseMelika. Okubi nakakhulu, izinqubomgomo zaseChina ezibhubhisayo zokuphatha kukaTrump, kuhlanganiswe nezinqubomgomo zokugunyaza nezempi zikaMongameli waseChina uXi Jinping, zibeka izinselelo ezisheshayo kuBiden uma kukhulunywa ngokuphatha ubudlelwano baseMelika neChina.
Ifa likaTrump elinobuthi
UDonald Trump ukhankasele isikhundla ethembisa ukujezisa iChina ngalokho athi kuwuhlelo lwayo lokwakha umnotho ngokuphanga owaseMelika. Ngo-2016, yena wafunga ukuthi, uma ekhethwa njengomongameli, uzosebenzisa amandla ohwebo ukuze amise imikhuba emibi yalelo zwe futhi abuyisele isikhundla saseMelika emhlabeni jikelele. Lapho esengenile e-White House, wabeka uchungechunge lwezindleko kulokho manje amanani ukuze cishe amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-360 ekuthengisweni kweChina - isithiyo esibalulekile sokuthuthukisa ubudlelwano neBeijing lapho iBiden kumele inqume ukuthi igcine, ixegise, noma ibuqede nya.
Okusongela kakhulu ubudlelwano obuseduze besikhathi esizayo imikhawulo uTrump ayibekela ukufinyelela kwezinkampani zaseShayina kubuchwepheshe baseMelika, ikakhulukazi isoftware ethuthukisiwe nama-computer chips adingekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikusasa kwezokuxhumana kwesizukulwane sesihlanu (5G). NgoMeyi ka-2019, abathi izinkampani zezingcingo ezihamba phambili zaseShayina ezifana neHuawei ne-ZTE Corporation zinezixhumanisi ze-PLA futhi zabeka engcupheni ukuphepha kwezwe laseMelika, uTrump. ikhishwe umyalo wesigungu esiphezulu ovimbela lezo zinkampani ukuthi zithenge ama-computer aseMelika nezinye izinto zobuchwepheshe obuphambili. Uchungechunge lweminye imiyalo yokuphatha neminye iminyakazo kulandelwe obekuhloswe ngaso ukukhawulela izinkampani zaseShayina ukuthi zithole ukufinyelela kubuchwepheshe base-US.
Kulezi zenzo nezinye ezihlobene nazo, uMongameli uTrump kanye nabalingani bakhe abakhulu, ikakhulukazi uNobhala Wezwe uMike Pompeo kanye nomeluleki ophambili wezohwebo uPeter Navarro, bathi basebenzela ukuvikela ukuphepha kwezwe engcupheni yokusebenza kwezobunhloli yi-PLA. Nokho, ngokwezinkulumo zabo ngaleso sikhathi, kwakubonakala ukuthi inhloso yabo yangempela kwakuwukwenza lokho vimbela Inqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe yaseShayina ukuze yenze buthaka ukuncintisana kwayo kwezomnotho kwesikhathi eside. Nalapha futhi, uBiden nethimba lakhe kuzofanele bathathe isinqumo sokuthi bayayigcina yini imikhawulo ebekwe uTrump, baqhubeke nokuqinisa ubudlelwano baseSino-American, noma bahlehlise izifundo zabo ngomzamo wokuthuthukisa ubudlelwano.
Inkinga YaseChina: Ubukhulu Bezempi Nezobuzwe
Inselelo enkulu kakhulu kuMongameli uBiden kuzoba yizinyathelo zezempi ezinolaka kanye nezamanxusa ezenziwa ngabaphathi bakaTrump. Ngo-2018, unobhala wakhe wezokuvikela, uJim Mattis, wakhipha imfundiso yezempi entsha ngaphansi kwelebula elithi “umncintiswano wamandla amakhulu” okwakuhloselwe ukuphatha ukuhlelwa kwesikhathi esizayo koMnyango Wezokuvikela. Njengoba kuchazwe kusikhulu sePentagon Inqubomgomo Kazwelonke Yezokuvikela walowo nyaka, imfundiso yathi amabutho ase-US kufanele manje ashintshe ukugxila kwawo ekulweni namaphekula amaSulumane ezindaweni ezikude zomhlaba Wesithathu aye ekulweni neChina neRussia e-Eurasia. “Nakuba uMnyango usaqhubeka nokushushisa umkhankaso omelene namaphekula,” uMatis utshele IKomidi leSenate Armed Services ngo-Ephreli, "umncintiswano wamasu wesikhathi eside - hhayi ubuphekula - manje osewugxilwe kakhulu kwezokuphepha kwezwe lase-US."
Ngokuvumelana nale nqubomgomo, eminyakeni eyalandela, yonke imboni yezempi iye yagxilwa kabusha kakhulu futhi yahlelwa kabusha ekubeni isebenze njengebutho elilwa namaphekula kanye neqembu eliphikisayo laba yibutho elilodwa elihlomile, elihlomile, futhi eligxile ekulweni namasosha aseShayina nawaseRussia emikhawulweni yalawo mazwe. kakhulu amazwe. "Namuhla, kulesi sikhathi sokuncintisana okukhulu kwamandla, uMnyango Wezokuvikela ubeke phambili iChina, kwase kuthi iRussia, njengezimbangi zethu eziphezulu," uNobhala Wezokuvikela uMark Esper. limenyezelwe ngoSepthemba odlule, ngaphambi nje kokuba abe khona Ubhace ngumongameli, phakathi kwezinye izinto, esekela ikhwelo lokunciphisa izisekelo zamasosha ase-US manje eseziqanjwe ngojenene be-Confederate Civil War. Ngokuphawulekayo, ngenkathi esaphethe, u-Esper wakhomba iChina njengembangi yokuqala yamasu aseMelika - umehluko uMatis ayehlulekile ukuwenza.
Ukuqinisekisa ukubaluleka kweWashington kulowo mqhudelwano, u-Esper waqokomisa izinto ezintathu ezibalulekile eziza kuqala: ukusetshenziswa kwezikhali zobuchwepheshe obuthuthukile, ukuqhubeka “kwesimanjemanje” kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezikhali zenuzi zezwe, kanye nokuqiniswa kobudlelwano bezempi nezizwe ezinobungane ezizungeze iChina. "Ukwenza amakhono ethu abe esimanjemanje," esho, "sithole ngempumelelo imali yobuchwepheshe obushintsha umdlalo obufana nobuhlakani bokwenziwa, ama-hypersonics, amandla aqondisiwe, namanethiwekhi e-5G." Uthe kunenqubekelaphambili enkulu eyenzekile “ekuthuthukisweni kabusha kwezikhali zenuzi,” izikhali zaleli zwe ezinkulu, ezingasenamsebenzi zemicibisholo ejikijelwayo ye-intercontinental ballistic (ICBMs), imicibisholo ejikijelwa ngaphansi kolwandle eyethulwa ngaphansi kolwandle (ama-SLBM), kanye nezikhali zenuzi ezihamba ibanga elide. amabhomu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenhloso yokuzungeza i-China ngohlelo olunobutha olugxile e-US, uzishaye isifuba ngokuthi "sisebenzisa uhlelo oludidiyelwe, olokuqala lwalo, lokuqinisa abambisene nokwakha ozakwethu."
Kubaholi baseShayina, iqiniso lokuthi inqubomgomo yezempi yaseWashington manje ifuna uhlelo olunjalo lwezingxenye ezintathu zesimanje sezikhali zenuzi, ukwenziwa kwesimanje kwezikhali zenuzi, kanye nokuzungezwa kwezempi kwakusho into eyodwa esobala: manje sebebhekene nosongo lwesikhathi eside oluzodinga ukuhlanganisa okukhulu kwamakhono ezempi, ezomnotho, kanye nezobuchwepheshe ekuphenduleni - okuyiyona ncazelo yomncintiswano omusha weMpi Yomshoshaphansi. Futhi ubuholi baseShayina bakwenza konke kucace kakhulu ukuthi bazomelana nanoma yiziphi izinyathelo ezinjalo zase-US ngokuthatha noma yiziphi izinyathelo abazibona zidingeka ukuze bavikele ubukhosi baseShayina kanye nezintshisakalo zezwe. Ngokungangabazeki ngeke umangale ukwazi ngaleso sikhathi, ukuthi, njenge-US, basezinhlelweni ukuzuza izikhali eziningi zesimanje zenuzi nezingezona ezenuzi, kuyilapho kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa ukuze kuqinisekiswe impumelelo noma okungenani ukufana okuthile kokulingana kunoma yikuphi ukuhlangana okuzayo namabutho aseMelika.
Ngokuhambisana nezinhlelo zamasosha anjalo, abaphathi bakaTrump bafuna ukuxosha iChina futhi banqande ukukhuphuka kwayo ngesu elididiyelwe lempi yezikhulu - imizamo ehlanganisa kakhulu ukwesekwa kwesiqhingi saseTaiwan (esibizwa yiChina njengesifundazwe esahlubuka), ubudlelwano bezempi obusondelene kakhulu. ne-India, kanye nokukhuthazwa kobudlelwane obuhlangene bezempi base-Australia, amaNdiya, amaJapane, kanye nabase-US, uhlelo olwaziwa ngokuthi “i-Quad. "
Ukuthuthukiswa kobudlelwano neTaiwan kwakuyinhloso ethile yokuphatha kukaTrump (kanye nokucasulwa okuthile eBeijing). Selokhu uMongameli uJimmy Carter avuma ukwamukela umbuso wamaKhomanisi eBeijing ngo-1978, hhayi owaseTaiwan njengohulumeni osemthethweni waseChina, abaphathi balo lonke uhlobo base-US bafuna gwema ukubonakala lokuzibandakanya ebudlelwaneni obusemthethweni obusezingeni eliphezulu nobuholi baleso siqhingi eTaipei, ngisho nalapho buqhubeka nokubathengisela izikhali nokwenza ezinye izinhlobo zobudlelwano phakathi kohulumeni.
Eminyakeni kaTrump, nokho, iWashington ibambe iqhaza ezenzweni eziningi ezisezingeni eliphakeme ezihlose ukukhombisa ukweseka uhulumeni waseTaiwan futhi, kule nqubo, yahlambalaza ubuholi baseShayina. Lezi zihlanganisa a Ukuvakashela eya eTaipei ngo-Agasti odlule nguNobhala Wezempilo Nezinsizakalo Zabantu u-Alex Azar II, owokuqala ngqa ukuba ngunobhala wekhabhinethi kusukela ngo-1979. Kwesinye futhi isinyathelo esivusa inkanuko, inxusa laseMelika ku-UN, uKelly Craft, wahlangana ne izikhulu eziphezulu zaseTaiwan eTaipei. Abaphathi baphinde bafuna ukuvikela iTaiwan isimo sombukeli eNhlanganweni Yezempilo Yomhlaba nakwezinye izinhlaka zamazwe ngamazwe ukusiza ukuqinisa isithunzi sayo njengesizwe ngokwaso. Ngokukhathazeka okulinganayo neBeijing, abaphathi bagunyaze u-$16.6 wezigidigidi ekuthengisweni kwezikhali okusha kwezinga eliphezulu eTaiwan eminyakeni emibili edlule, okuhlanganisa nokuphulwa kwerekhodi. $8-bhiliyoni yokuthengisa kwezingu-66 zezindiza zokulwa ezithuthukisiwe ze-F-16C/D.
Ubudlelwano obuthuthukisiwe base-US ne-India namanye amalungu e-Quad kubonakale njengokuhamba phambili kwenqubomgomo yezangaphandle yokuphatha kukaTrump. Ngo-Okthoba 2020, uMike Pompeo waya eNdiya okwesithathu njengonobhala Wezwe futhi wasebenzisa lesi senzakalo ukugxeka iChina ngenkathi ethuthukisa ubudlelwano obuseduze bamasosha ase-Indo-American. Ubhekise ngqo kumasosha angama-20 amaNdiya abulawa endaweni ukungqubuzana komngcele ngamabutho aseShayina ngoJuni odlule, egcizelela ukuthi, "i-United States izoma nabantu baseNdiya njengoba bebhekene nezinsongo zobukhosi babo kanye nenkululeko yabo." UNobhala Wezokuvikela u-Esper, obehambisana noPompeo kulolo hambo oluya eNew Delhi, ukhulume ngokukhula kokubambisana kwezokuvikela ne-India, okubandakanya ukuthengiswa kwezindiza zempi kanye nezinhlelo zasemoyeni ezingenamuntu.
Zombili lezi zikhulu zancoma izwe ngokubamba iqhaza kwalo esikhathini esizayo “eMalabar,” izivivinyo ezihlanganyelwe zasemanzini zeQuad ezizoba ngoNovemba eBay of Bengal. Ngaphandle kwanoma ubani osho lokhu ngokusobala, lokho kuvivinya umzimba kwabukwa kabanzi njengokwenziwa kokuqala kombimbi olukhulayo lwamasosha okuhloswe ngalo ukuqukatha iChina. "Indlela yokusebenzisana mayelana nokuphepha kwesifunda nokuzinza ibaluleke kakhulu manje kunanini ngaphambili, ukuvimbela bonke abaphonsela inselelo i-Indo-Pacific yamahhala nevulekile," Ubeke amazwana U-Ryan Easterday, isikhulu esiphezulu somcibisholo oqondiswa imicibisholo i-USS John S. McCain, omunye wemikhumbi ebambe iqhaza.
Akudingekile ukusho ukuthi, konke lokhu kumelela ifa eliyinkimbinkimbi nesabekayo uMongameli Biden ukuthi alinqobe njengoba efuna ukusungula ubudlelwano obunobutha obuncane namaShayina.
Inkinga kaMongameli Biden kaXi Jinping
Ngokusobala, ifa likaTrump eliphazamisayo lizokwenza kube nzima kuMongameli uBiden ukumisa ukuwohloka kobudlelwano beSino-American kanye nombuso weXi Jinping eBeijing uzokwenza kungabi lula kuye. Lena akuyona indawo yokuhlaziya okuningiliziwe kokuphendukela kuka-Xi ebugqilini eminyakeni embalwa edlule noma ukuthembela kwakhe okukhulayo kumbono wezempi ukuze aqinisekise ukwethembeka (noma ukuzithoba) kubantu baseShayina. Kuningi osekubhaliwe mayelana ne ukucindezelwa kwenkululeko yabantu eShayina kanye nokuthuliswa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zokungavumelani. Okuphazamisa ngokufanayo ukwamukelwa komthetho omusha wezokuphepha kazwelonke waseHong Kong, osekukhona manje esetshenziswa ukuqoqa abagxeki bakahulumeni wezwekazi kanye namaphimbo epolitiki azimele azo zonke izinhlobo. Futhi akukho lutho oluqhathaniswa nomzamo ukushabalala ngesihluku ye-Uighur Muslim identity ku-Xinjiang Autonomous Region entshonalanga yeChina, okubandakanya ukuboshwa kwesigidi noma ngaphezulu kwabantu ngenani amakamu okuhlushwa.
Ukucindezelwa kwenkululeko yabantu kanye namalungelo abantu eChina kuzokwenza kube nzima kakhulu kubaphathi beBiden ukuthi balungise ubudlelwano neBeijing, njengoba sekuyisikhathi eside engummeli oqinile wamalungelo abantu e-US, njengoba kwenza iPhini likaMongameli uKamala Harris kanye nabaningi babo. abangane abaseduze. Kucishe kungenzeki ukuthi baxoxisane nombuso wakwaXi nganoma yiluphi udaba ngaphandle kokuphakamisa udaba lwamalungelo abantu - futhi lokho kuzodala ubutha ebuholini baseChina.
U-Xi uphinde wathuthukisa amandla ezomnotho muva nje ezandleni zombuso, ehlehlisa inkambiso eya ekukhululweni okukhulu komnotho ngaphansi kwabangaphambi kwakhe. Amabhizinisi kahulumeni ayaqhubeka nokuthola ingxenye enkulu yemalimboleko kahulumeni kanye nezinye izinzuzo zezimali, okubeka amafemu azimele esimeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uXi uye wafuna ukuhleka amafemu amakhulu azimele njengeQembu Le-Ant, ibhizinisi eliphumelela kakhulu lezinkokhelo zedijithali elasungulwa ngu-Jack Ma, usomabhizinisi ozimele odume kakhulu wase-China.
Ngenkathi ehlanganisa amandla ezomnotho ekhaya, umongameli waseChina uthole impumelelo enkulu ekwakheni ubudlelwano bezomnotho nezokuhwebelana namanye amazwe. NgoNovemba, i-China kanye nezizwe eziyi-14, ezihlanganisa i-Australia, i-Japan, i-New Zealand, ne-South Korea (kodwa hhayi i-United States), isayinwe esinye sezivumelwano ezinkulu zomhlaba zohwebo lwamahhala, i-Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, noma i-RCEP. Ikakhulukazi ibhekwa njengozongena esikhundleni kwabagulayo Ukusebenzisana kweTranspacific lapho uMongameli uTrump ahoxa khona maduzane ngemva kokungena esikhundleni, i-RCEP izokwenza lula ukuhwebelana phakathi kwamazwe amele abantu abaningi (abantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.2) kunanoma yisiphi isivumelwano sangaphambilini saloluhlobo. Bese kuba naleso sivumelwano sokutshalwa kwezimali esisanda kuqalwa phakathi kwe-European Union ne-China, esinye isivumelwano esikhulu esingafaki i-United States, njengoba kwenza i-China ye-ambitious trillion-dollar-plus. I-Belt ne-Initiative Road, okuhloswe ukuxhumanisa umnotho wamazwe ase-Eurasia nase-Afrika eduze kakhulu neBeijing.
Ngamanye amazwi, kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukuthi abaphathi beBiden balethe amandla ezomnotho eChina noma bavumele izinkampani ezinkulu zaseMelika ukuthi zisebenze njengabalingani ekucindezeleni ushintsho kulelo zwe, njengoba bekungenzeka phambilini.
Izinketho zikaMongameli Biden
UBiden ngokwakhe akakasho lutho olutheni ngalokho akucabangayo ngobudlelwano baseMelika-China, kodwa okuncane anakho kuphakamisa ukungaboni ngaso linye mayelana nezinto eziza kuqala kuye. Esitatimendeni sakhe esicacile ngenqubomgomo yezangaphandle, u-an esihlokweni eyavela kumagazini ka-March/April Izindaba Zangaphandle, wakhuluma "ngokuba nzima" eChina uma kuziwa kwezohwebo namalungelo abantu, kuyilapho efuna ukuvumelana ngezindaba ezibalulekile ezifana neNyakatho Korea nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Ngenkathi egxeka abaphathi bakaTrump ngokuhlukanisa abalingani baseMelika njengeCanada kanye namandla e-NATO, ukuqinisekisile ukuthi "i-United States idinga ukuqina neChina." Uqhube wathi uma iChina ingenza ngendlela yayo, "izoqhubeka iphuca izinkampani zaseMelika nezaseMelika ubuchwepheshe bazo kanye nempahla yengqondo [futhi] iqhubeke isebenzisa uxhaso ukuze inikeze amabhizinisi ayo angaphansi kukahulumeni ithuba elingalungile." Ubhale ukuthi, indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuhlangabezana naleyo nselelo, “ukwakha ubumbene babambisene nabalingani baseMelika ukuze babhekane nokuziphatha okuhlukumezayo kweChina kanye nokwephulwa kwamalungelo abantu, njengoba sifuna ukubambisana neBeijing ezindabeni lapho izintshisekelo zethu zihlangana khona, njengokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukungasakazeki [kwenuzi], nokuvikeleka kwezempilo emhlabeni wonke.”
Lokho kwenza ukuluma okuhle komsindo, kepha kuwukuma okuphikisana ngokwemvelo. Uma kukhona noma yini ubuholi baseShayina obuyesabayo - futhi obuzomelana nayo ngesisindo esigcwele samandla abo - kungukwakhiwa "kobumbene babambisene base-US nabalingani ukuze babhekane nokuziphatha okuhlukumezayo kweChina." Lokho, ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi, yilokho abaphathi bakaTrump abazama ukukwenza ngaphandle kokukhiqiza izinzuzo ezibalulekile ze-United States. UBiden kuzofanele anqume ukuthi yikuphi okubaluleke kakhulu kuye. Ingabe iwukunqanda ukuziphatha okuhlukumezayo kweShayina kanye nokwephulwa kwamalungelo abantu noma ekuzuzeni ukubambisana kwamanye amandla amakhulu eplanethi ezindabeni ezicindezela kakhulu nezingase zicekele phansi ku-ajenda yomhlaba wonke njengamanje: ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu ngaphambi kokuba iplanethi ishube kakhulu; ukungasabalala kwezikhali zenuzi, i-hypersonic, nezinye izinhlobo zezikhali ezithuthukisiwe ngaphambi kokuba ziphume ekulawuleni; nokuvikeleka kwezempilo ezweni eliwubhubhane?
Njengakwezinye izindawo eziningi kuzofanele abhekane nazo ngemuva kukaJanuwari 20, ukuze athuthuke kunoma yiluphi udaba, uBiden kuzofanele anqobe amafa aphazamisayo owamanduleli wakhe. Lokhu kuzosho, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukubuyisela emuva amanani entengo okujezisa kanye nokuzihlula kanye nezithiyo zobuchwepheshe, ukunciphisa umjaho wezikhali neShayina, nokuyeka imizamo yokuzungeza izwekazi ngendandatho enobutha yokusebenzelana kwezempi. Kafushane nje, inqubekelaphambili yanoma yiluphi uhlobo ingase ibonakale icishe ingenzeki futhi izwe langekhulunyaka lamashumi amabili nanye lingazithola selingene eMpini Yomshoshaphansi ngisho nangokwengeziwe kunaleyo eyabusa ingxenye yesibili yekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Uma kunjalo, unkulunkulu asisindise sonke, singagcina sibhekene nempi eshisayo yenuzi noma inguqulo yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu efanayo eplanethini ehlulekayo.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela
1 Amazwana
Ingabe ukhona umongameli wase-US ongasungula inqubomgomo yokwenza iMelika INCANE ibe yinhle futhi? Ngoba lokho kubonakala kudingekile ukuze kugwenywe iMpi Yomshoshaphansi elandelayo, impi eyingozi kakhulu kunaleyo yokugcina.